Using modern building materials and the latest construction technologies, it is possible in the shortest possible time to build an inexpensive house. In this article, we will consider the advantages and disadvantages of stone houses, the features of their construction, get acquainted with the stages of the construction of such buildings and estimate the degree of complexity of this process.
Design Principles, Planning
A dream of his own home, regardless of the materials from which he will be erected, begins with the preparation of the project. Today, as many years ago, the projects of stone houses can be simple and complex, but people who understand them can work on them. In any project, each nuance is taken into account, which is capable of providing a person to a comfortable stay in his own home:
- geographical location of the region;
- type and features of the soil;
- the presence of vegetation on the site selected for construction;
- constructive features of the house;
- the possibility of supplying communications;
- availability of roads, other transport networks;
- deleteity from the city center (shops, government agencies, medical care, fire service, etc.).
The design of the house is an important stage of construction, on which not only the final result and quality of work depends, but also the deadlines for its implementation. These questions should be engaged in specialists who will definitely take into account all the wishes of the customer and take responsibility for the process of creating a project of the house.
Plot planning
In addition to constructive features, when designing a stone house, a lot of time is given to the issues of its functionality, practicality and comfort. Such a structure will become for many generations in the family of a reliable shelter, the "generic nest". Everything necessary for this should be provided and carefully developed at the project level.
If the stone house is being built outside the city, the project on the land plot, in addition to the housing structure, various economic buildings should be provided.
Of particular importance in the design of a stone country house is attached to economic buildings and the possibility of rest.
Planning a cellar (basement)
Such a structure is vital, since its main functional task is storage of products. The cellar can be constructed outside the perimeter of the stone floor, can close to it or be located directly under the house.
Planning Saraja
Usually in the barn the entire garden equipment is stored and other economic belongings that are used depending on the season of the year. Sometimes a garage room is used as a shed, in this case, it should be more spacious and roomy.
Summer Kitchen Planning
This useful construction is not only diversified by the life of a country life, but also can become useful. If there is a gazebo for a holiday nearby, then cook food more pleasant in the summer kitchen and serve her to the table in the gazebo more convenient from here than from the kitchen located in the house. In winter, summer kitchen can be used as a storage facility.
Garage planning
It is necessary for the parking lot, through which it will be easy to get to the nearest major settlement or city.
Bath Planning (sauna)
Given that modern technologies allow, in addition to the bathroom and shower, to organize a real sauna or bath within the house, the construction of it as a separate building is a matter of taste. The location under the bath is also desirable to foresee at the design stage.
Planning arbor (veranda)
As the country house is usually built on an open area in an environmentally friendly and green area, the project should be provided for a place to rest. In the fall, in the spring time and in the summer it is especially important, resting in nature relieves the stress of the body, contributes to the improvement of the body.
If there are small children in the family, the veranda can be a comfortable and safe place for their games in bad weather. In adults there is a great opportunity to gather on the veranda in a close family circle for tea drinking or inviting friends to themselves.
Garden planning and garden
You can smash a garden a little later, in the project to provide for its presence on the site. The garden will allow to grow their own fruits, this is a great way to leisure, good help in the farm (fresh fruits can be saved in the cellar for the winter, you can make conservation).
Unlike the garden, the place for growing garden plants can always be found on the plot. Open beds are conveniently broken into the warm season, they are convenient because they are used seasonally and the next year they can be divided into a new place or not grow vegetables at all. In some cases, it is more profitable to build a greenhouse on the site, then this opportunity should be provided in the project.
Planning pool, fountain, pond
In a rustic stone house, no matter how comfortable and comfortable, it is impossible to spend all its time. Organization of the pond, the construction of a fountain or pool diversifies your life outside the city, pleases children, surprise friends. Such structures, in addition to their functionality, become a real decoration of the site.
Planning a children's playground
One veranda for games may not be enough for children (for general physical development) mobile games are needed. To this end, it is necessary to break the playground or in the project to provide a plot for its future building.
We reviewed only the basic economic buildings and facilities for recreation. In each case, the list of them can be changed. Planning a household site is the method of the most rational use of land on the site. Some people prefer the cultivation of garden crops, others are fond of vegetable garden or prefer to organize complexes for games and recreation on the plot.
The project and planning of the site are necessary, since when organizing a nursery and breaking areas for recreation, you should follow certain rules. Plants, for example, it is necessary to organize a lot of sunlight for a full-fledged life, and it is better to organize space for recreation in the shaded and windless zones of the site.
Engineering Communication
Planning the placement of buildings on the site is necessary so that free access to all engineering communications is available. This applies to, for example, an electrical panel, a hatch of water supply or sewage, main gas valve, etc. When the projects of stone houses are drawn up, the need for preventive maintenance or repair is always taken into account.
Access to the hatch with communication networks and the distribution panel should always be opened, so they are better located closer to the fence or entry into the site. Avoid in the future the need for the spill of trees or demolition of any buildings, in order to repair communications, it is possible only if the site planning was carried out by specialists.
Features of bookmarking foundation
A big problem, if not in the construction process, then during the operation of a stone house, can become a soil on which the house is erected. The features of the structure of the soil must be studied before the design of the structure, since the technology of the foundation organization depends on its type and quality.
The foundation is the basis of a stone house, so its reliability should be guaranteed by accurate design calculations and quality of work. When studying the soil under its construction, it is important that the specificity of the terrain is well studied. This is necessary within the framework of the prospect of accommodation under the house of basement.
To build a stone house near the river, you should consider the likelihood of its flooding with weighing waters. In this case, the basement should be deep, and the foundation of the house should be carefully separated by high-quality waterproofing material. When calculating the foundation, the load of the house is necessarily taken into account, which is directly determined by the number of its floors.
Organization of indoor space
So that the inner space of the house is organized comfortably and rationally, you need to adhere to certain rules. With their help, it takes into account and solve most of the problems that satisfy the elementary needs of a person. So, it is important to divide the residential space into certain zones regarding their functional specificity or by another sign. In some cases, such zones are separated by a substantive, for example:
On the first floor You can organize a kitchen, a dining room, a living room, a reception, a working office, a library, a guest room, a fireplace room and other common rooms and economic purposes.
On the second floor You can organize a children's bedroom (one or more), a children's playroom, a bathroom, a bathroom, a children's library, a children's office, a dressing room for children's things.
On the third floor There may be premises for adult family members: bedroom parents (or separate bedrooms), wardrobe rooms, workshops (if someone in the family is interested in any hobby), recreation rooms, bathrooms, bathroom, etc. Often as the third floor is attic.
There is a different approach to the organization of such zones. For example, the first floor is used to accommodate rooms that satisfy the daily needs of a person, including its need for rest and leisure. The second floor may be a personal zone (there are placed premises necessary for a person for high-quality rest and fruitful work in silence and tranquility). It is this principle of organizing the internal space of a stone house is considered the most convenient and rational.
Important!
Given everything that is described above, it is clear that specialists should be engaged in the planning process when erecting a stone house. Alone, without the presence of special training, the necessary theoretical knowledge and practical experience, work on the project is impossible. Perform all technical standards not to be mistaken in the calculations and only a high-class professional can provide possible difficulties in advance.
When contacting the company engaged in the development of projects of the house, its owner has the possibility of joint cooperation with specialists. The company's employees will deal with the project, taking into account the wishes of the client. Naturally, they will all be satisfied if they are technically fulfilled. According to the results of their work, a stone house will be erected, which will be able to become a generation nest for many generations of the client.
Material for the construction of a stone house
It is mistaken to believe that stone houses are erected exclusively from a raw cobblestone. Applying unique technologies using the latest technical means, a person today treats a natural stone, receiving the original building material to the form and invoice it. He builds durable and beautiful houses from blocks of various types of natural stone, combining them among themselves.
For masonry walls, the seven is widely used - light and durable stone, it easily cuts into blocks and is ideal for erection of housing. In some types of construction (urban planning, construction of monuments and memorials, airports, railway stations, etc.) applied granite stone. It can be previously processed or used in its natural form.
Advantages of a stone house
The construction industry today has a huge assortment of materials, among which you can find natural and artificially created building stones. It does not make sense about the advantages and disadvantages of artificial materials. Already the very fact that they are created as a result of complex technologies and a number of chemical processes, speaks many. The natural stone wins them in many parameters that can be attributed to its advantages.
Microclimate stone house
Natural stone is an excellent steam conductor, with elevated moisture, it easily absorbs it from the air, and with heightened dryness, it also easily gives it.
Air exchange stone house
The natural stone has a unique "breathable" structure, providing the necessary level of ventilation, without creating a greenhouse effect indoor.
Temperature Stone House
The unique ability of a natural stone to give and absorb heat is used by man. If you correctly draw up a stone house project and put the stone, the premises will be very warm in the cold season and cool in the summer. Such a house does not need any additional measures to insulate it.
Soundproofing of a stone house
Natural stone due to its unique structure absorbs sound waves. The functions of the sound conductor in the stone house are performed by windows and doors, without them it would be possible to feel the "ringing" silence. This excellent quality of natural stone can be estimated during the operation of the house capable of providing a person needed to rest the level of silence even within the Dami city.
Durability and strength of the stone house
Given the experience of our ancestors, we understand that the buildings can be erected from the natural stone. This evidence is the numerous ancient buildings from the stone, preserved to the present day. If someone has a desire to build a genera, which can be inherited from generation to generation, then the best building material than natural stone, today does not exist.
Unfortunately, natural stone has disadvantages that are often essential when choosing a building material.
The cost of a stone house
Stone house - pleasure is too expensive, to afford such a luxury may not have every man. The cubic meter of granite or shellhaw is very expensive, and for the construction of a large and comfortable home, a large amount of this material is necessary. Therefore, many are forced to build housing from more affordable, but low-quality artificial building materials.
Stone House Masonry Technology
It is impossible to call the simple and light technology of laying walls from natural stone, which also affects the cost of the stone house. In addition, it is sometimes necessary to attract not only high-class specialists in laying stone, but also the use of special equipment.
The choice of building material depends on the purpose that a person has determined for themselves. If he urgently needed housing, it is better to use more affordable material and build a house in a shorter time. In the event that the main thing is the goal to build a "generic nest", then the best building material than the natural stone does not exist.
Stone House: Construction Features
The construction of stone structures is characterized by a number of characteristic features, among which the large weight of the stone can be considered the most important. Given this factor, the construction of walls from stone should be carried out on a powerful and fairly strong foundation. The base of the house should be so strong to withstand not one, but two or more floors of the stone structure.
Experts argue that the foundation for the stone house should be carefully reinforced. Especially important when working with granite, which is more often used in urban planning and is very rarely used for the construction of residential buildings. In the latter case, it is customary to use more easy building material - limestone (or sandstone), it is a natural stone related to the group of sedimentary rocks.
Limestone is a stone that can be easily processed, cutting into blocks the necessary shape and size, in the form of small bricks, they are comfortable when laying the walls. An important advantage of limestone is its relatively low weight, so before it laying is not necessary in organizing the foundation of special strength. The only condition for the quality of the building of the crustacea is the correctness of the calculations made relative to the weight of the structure being constructed.
Stone House: Wall Masonry Features
Duration, technology and quality of masonry walls of stone depends on the degree of processing - from its species, shape and size. If we talk about stone blocks that are not distinguished by dimensions, the process of their laying is similar to working with ordinary bricks. Otherwise, the case is with the material presented in the form of unequal in the form and size of blocks, the technology of its laying is perfectly owned by each modern mason.
It is necessary to know all the subtleties not only styling this stone, but also the features of his behavior in the future. The most difficult in the paper is the formation of building angles, the integrity of which guarantees the durability and strength of the building itself. It is naive to believe that you can correct the stone walls of a two- or three-storey house of stone, having a project developed by specialists and all accurate calculations. Do not think that beautiful stone houses photos of which you see on the Internet, built easily and quickly.
If you never worked with a stone, better charge it to make a professional, so as not to be upset later because of the given angle, the skew of the house and the occurrence of cracks. Remember, building a stone house with your own hands is better mentally, the implementation of your dream should be entrusted to professionals!
Build a stone house
The construction of a stone house includes several stages, each of which is very important and requires careful preparation. The peculiarities of the most natural stone and work with it require the involvement of specialists in almost every stage of the construction of the house. It all starts with paper work when the plan of the house, the working draft, calculations and estimates are drawn up, only after the fulfillment of all paper work, you can proceed to practical actions.
Foundation of a stone house
The role of the foundation under the stone house is difficult to overestimate, but it is impossible to underestimate. The degree of its power and the process of the organization directly depends on the type of stone used, its shapes and sizes, as well as the floors of the future structure. All calculations associated with the foundation must be carried out by specialists, since the foundation is the basis of the house. Save funds or try to reduce the cost of the foundation is not recommended categorically.
Box of stone house
If your disposal stone blocks of the same size, you build a one-story building and have the skills of working with a stone, you can build the walls of your home yourself. Otherwise, it is strongly recommended to attract these professionals to work, especially when it comes to multi-storey construction. The process of masonry of the unprocessed natural stone is complicated with its unequal form and size. For each such stone, you must first find the appropriate place, and then also correctly install it there.
As a solution, a conventional standard cement-sand mixture can be used. Remember that each cloth needs to be thoroughly filling with the solution, not allowing the appearance of cracks, emptiness and small air "pockets" in the masonry.
Paul in a stone house
Flooring in a stone house is technologically not different from the floors in ordinary apartments or houses. The type of coating is determined only by the desire and financial component of the owner of the house. In any case, it will be necessary to carry out special preparation for the flooring, it is performed in stages:
- Heal insulation from soil (for the first floor and one-story house).
- The construction of "concrete pillows".
- Conducting work on floorproofing.
- Decorative coating flooring.
The flooring can be made of wood, carpet, natural parquet or laminate, linoleum, any other modern coating. It can also be lined with decorative stone, marble or tile.
Roof of a stone house
The roof can be covered with any roofing material, regardless of its weight, as the walls laid out of natural stone with a powerful foundation are able to withstand a huge load. What should never be forgotten by working with roofing structures for a stone house - this is the presence of a special Armopoyais represented as a reinforced concrete ring. With it, it will be carefully distributed the load on the area of \u200b\u200beach carrier wall, in addition, it will firmly link the walls of the house, give them more strength, and, it means, it will increase the service life of the stone house.
Window and Door Blocks of the Stone House
Visually powerful, strong and large stone house are suitable for both wooden window and door structures and systems made from metal plastic. The choice to be done by the owner of the house, but specialists give their recommendations to plastic windows and metal-plastic door structures. Their advantages are that in addition to their reliability and originality of the design, the material from which they are made can visually resemble the texture of any material.
The technology of covering the upper decorative layer of such structures allows to obtain the effect of wooden windows of different textures and colors, stone, metal, etc. Strong, reliable, comfortable, non-communal in care and very functional, metal-plastic structures are less vulnerable before the processes of rotting, damage by bacteria and fungus. In addition to its visual appeal, they will last a few times longer than the designs made of durable wood.
Features of the finishing of a stone house
Regarding finishing (outer / inner), stone houses can be finished differently, there are no restrictions. The structure can be decorated with any modern material, any combination of them corresponding to the selected style is allowed. It is known, for example, that the stone in combination with the tree looks quite attractive, there will be no unnecessary products in the form of lattices on the windows, external stairs, visors, small fences under the windows for flower.
It looks beautifully a stone house in an ordinary whitewash, no less attractive, solid and powerfully looks like a special stone-treated stone that does not need an additional decorative coating.
Vegetation, wild grapes, ivy and other curly plants give home the effect of antiquity, is played by a big role in the exterior of stone houses.
The video about what is the destruction of stone, how to properly lay it and sneak with decorative material, can be seen in the following video:
The complexity of the finish may occur only in the process of cladding of stone walls, both with external and internal work. Each finishing material requires a special type of clutch with a stone. For example, for plastering of stone walls, it is necessary to use a special grid. When finished interior wood, thoroughly consider the technology of fastening boards on a stone or wooden frame frames if the walls are finished with a cloth.
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