Low foundation with your own hands

Creating a foundation is a responsible business, and it is necessary to seriously approach the issue of choosing the basis for any facility. Practice shows that the incorrect assessment of the situation related to the terrain, as well as the parameters of the foundation, may entail too serious consequences. In addition, we can talk about a major financial damage that is easy to avoid the simplest actions.

This article we will talk about low foundations, which are also called finely breed. There is a situation in which the owners make a choice in favor of a major foundation, however, with such a situation, if we have sandy soil, you can face serious problems. We are talking about the absence of soil beating when using a full-fledged foundation, while finely breeded base is ideal for the presented conditions.

If we talk about the depth of such a base, it is often limited to 20, 40 or 60 cm (sometimes 70 cm). Accordingly, we get a fairly compact foundation that can be relatively easy to build and operate without any problems.

Also in this article we will consider the main features of the low foundation, as well as the main stages of its creation with their own hands. Practice shows that almost every person will be able to create such a base, but it should be pre-thoroughly examine the technology of the building process.

Disadvantages of the usual foundation and dignity of finely breed

A classic blurred foundation is used when building most buildings, however, this base has many weaknesses to be paid first.

• As we have already mentioned earlier, under the sole of a classic foundation, the processes of the displacement may not occur, respectively, there are no frosty powder forces. This is a fairly serious question, on which the general state of the foundation depends.
• Surely for most owners most important is the cost of construction work. In the case of a traditional foundation, you will have to spend enough tools to get a decent basis. Unfortunately, sometimes the financial issue of creating a foundation makes fully impossible to build a private house for many owners, so it makes sense to save on the basis. Experts note that when creating a small-breeding foundation, you can save up to 80% of the funds. This is a good news, especially considering the limited budget of the work. Of course, the savings can be significantly less, because it all depends on the dimensions of the future structure, as well as from many other factors. Therefore, it is pre-weighed to weigh all the pros and cons of such a venture so that in the future do not encounter surprises.
• Low load on the ground. It should be borne in mind that melkozaglublenny foundation has a very small contact area with the ground, and this is the best way affects the performance of the foundation. Especially bad if the soil has a low bearing capacity, while a heavy classic foundation creates a lot of problems, get rid of that would be virtually impossible.

We would like to point out that to strengthen the foundation melkozaglublennogo need a little less reinforcement and concrete that not only generates cost savings, but also speeds up the construction process. Also do not forget that a low foundation allows you to create a small cellar, which is most likely dream of many owners to build their own house.

Particularly low basement

Before you begin the process of creating melkozaglublennogo foundation, you should pay attention to a number of its features, which can seriously affect the overall construction process.

• Protection from rain. Experts emphasize that the foundation melkozaglublenny simply must be protected from rain. This question is relevant because the base can gradually lose their most important properties. Accordingly, it is recommended to pay attention to the need for sewers and other structures that are guaranteed to protect the foundation from the finicky weather. The most important thing - it is to separate the place where will drain all the rainwater. Accumulation of water near the base - is unacceptable.
• The quality of the concrete. Many owners are trying to save money on all matters related to the creation of building structures. However, it can not bring the matter to the point of absurdity. When it comes to buying a cement mixture, then it must be the best quality, because the foundation structure itself is small, and any defects immediately manifest. Accordingly, it makes sense to get the mixture into the retail stores, or large networks for the sale of construction materials.
• The construction process. Despite the fact that the foundation is often the most durable and reliable part of the structure, it is quite fastidious to a variety of external factors. For example, construction is best done as soon as possible, and not leave the foundation created for the whole winter until it is warm. In this scenario, we can not exclude the deformation base, the occurrence of cracks and many other problems.
• Independent preparation of the mixture. It is important to pay attention to the fact that with the proper preparation of the concrete mixture, it should be as seriously taken to its fill. It is recommended to carry out this process as quickly as possible. Accordingly, if the foundation is large, then without specialized equipment will not do without. It may be much more efficient to use the special equipment in advance so that the process of filling concrete passed the most quickly and guaranteed qualitatively. Unfortunately, such services are not for everyone, so this situation should be treated on all sides.
• Creating a breakfast. Often, after creating a small-breeding foundation, it is necessary to equip the breakfast, which is the best way to reflect on the durability and reliability of the main part of the foundation. The process of creating a scene is quite simple, especially if there is some experience in construction work.
• Protecting the foundation after filling concrete. As is known, the concrete mix will be gaining strength for quite a long time, and may be needed for several weeks. In such a situation, it is necessary to draw attention to the fact that during the durability period, the foundation is quite vulnerable to the most diverse external factors. First of all, it is most important to pay attention to the sun's rays that act on the material and create cracks. Accordingly, experts advise periodically gave the surface of the design with water, as well as cover the foundation of the film. Such simple solutions can easily avoid trouble.

There are many other aspects related to the creation of a low foundation, however, it is often about various conditions in which the basis is created. Therefore, it is advisable to pay attention to the services of specialists who easily determine all those moments that can seriously affect the construction process, as well as to operate the foundation. Only with such a situation can be confident in the absence of problems associated with concrete design.

Other features of fine-breed foundation

It is very important to know that the small-breeding belt foundation is not designed for large loads, so it is necessary to keep in mind when building a structure. It often happens that the owners who have decided to build a house (using low foundation) in the future make an extension to the existing construction. Thus, the load on the foundation increases significantly, and gradually the foundation can become an emergency. It is impossible to admit this, of course, and if in the future it is planned to make some extensions, you should take into account the strength and reliability of the foundation.

It is best for this business to hire specialists who not only analyze the overall reliability of the foundation, but also create a complete calculation along with the analysis of risks that may arise with additional construction work.

Materials required to create a low foundation

Despite the fact that a small-breeding belt foundation is a sufficiently small design, many different components will be required to create it. First of all, we are talking about the following materials and additional components necessary to create a foundation:

• sand;
• cement;
• crushed stone / gravel;
• water;
• brick;
• ruberoid;
• stakes;
• wood bars;
• boards;
• fiberglass;
• building level.

It is possible that it will not be possible to do without some other tools and materials, so all issues related to the choice of materials must be discussed additionally with specialists.

The main items of the technology of creating a low foundation

The process of creating a fine-breed foundation is extremely laborious, so it is necessary to pay attention to each item associated with construction work and the choice of materials. Specialists also advise the entire scope of construction work in a short time. This requirement is necessary in order for all building materials to be in excellent condition, for example, concrete should be most fresh, and it should be applied as soon as possible so that it starts to gain strength quickly.

Preliminary stages

• First of all, the markup of the site is made. Of course, the preliminary plan should be on the leaflet in the form of a sketch or drawing. Directly markup on the site itself allows you to establish problem areas, as well as other aspects that were not previously seen. For example, the landscape may have a number of flaws (large stones, vegetation), because of which the construction process will be quite difficult. Immediately, when problems found from them, it is necessary to get rid of them immediately and continue the building process.
• Skulling trench. The creation of trenches is a simple process that requires only the physical strength and endurance of workers. Often the depth of trenches is about 70 cm, about the same should be the width of the recess. In the process, it is necessary to use a building level with which it will be possible to establish even minimal deviations from horizontal or vertical levels. It should be borne in mind that deviations may later know about themselves, and in some cases it is impossible to exclude large deformations of the structure. At the bottom of the trench, you need to lay a layer of sand. Such a pillow will be excellent base for concrete design. Sand must be carefully tumped. It will not be superfluous to control the horizontal of the sandy pillow. The material layer must be from 20 to 40 cm. For the convenience of sand, you can moisten, and then the process of tamping will be much easier.

At these paragraphs, preliminary work related to the creation of a low foundation will end. Next to the works it is advisable to connect specialists or other people who have at least a small experience in this matter.

Creating a formwork for foundation

It should be borne in mind that the formwork that will be filled with concrete should be durable, reliable and stable. Accordingly, in this matter you need to apply not only skill, but also attentiveness.

To create a formwork, it is advisable to use boards, which are on one side of the island. It is also advisable to use the material whose units of approximately equal dimensions. It is advisable to refuse boards that have cracks, chips and other disadvantages.

Separately, it should be noted that the wooden formwork is not stable, so it is advisable to use struts and stakes, which in most situations can easily take on all those loads that the heavy concrete mixture creates.

• To start the board, a full formwork is created, the height of which will be slightly above the ground level. For bonding boards, you can use nails or any other fasteners. The main thing is to ensure the strength of the structure, since under pressure of concrete weak points will immediately be felt.
• Inside the formwork is covered with a layer of waterproofing material. Often, the regularoid is involved for such needs. It is necessary to firmly fix the material, you can use even the construction stapler. In order not to guess with the size of waterproofing, it is better to take more, and after the fill of the concrete, an excess part can be simply cut off.

Reinforcement of foundation

Strengthening the base of the house is an incredibly important process, since it is precisely the strength, as well as the value of loads that the foundation is able to withstand.

In the case of small foundation, as in the case of traditional bases, it is necessary to use reinforcement rods with a diameter of about 16 mm. Units of material are stacked along the tape. Also used also vertical smooth bars. All units of fittings (for stability and the correct location) are associated with conventional wire. This process should be carried out responsibly, since any errors when attaching during the fill of the concrete immediately manifest. To ensure the protection of metal from corrosion, it is necessary to position the valve for several centimeters above the lower point of the future foundation.

Immediately before the fill of the concrete mix, it is necessary to pay attention to the overall integrity of the formwork and its components. Even a small external inspection of the construction site will detect the very problems that may be available.

Pulley concrete in formwork

As mentioned earlier, in the process of creating a small foundation, it is necessary to use only a high-quality mixture, since any shortcomings of this resource will be too serious loss.

• When pouring concrete it is necessary to avoid any voids usually formed in the concrete mass. To do this, you can use a wide variety of mixers and other devices that can easily stir the concrete layer.
• In addition, the excellent method of avoiding emptiness and other numerous concrete flares is the fill of the material in several layers. One layer of concrete should not exceed 20 mm. In this way, concrete is canceled, even if the quality of the resource itself is not the highest.
• The sinuses of the foundation should be covered with sand, and on the outside of the base, you can begin to create a breakfast.

Drainage of belt foundation

It should be borne in mind that a small-breeding foundation is a sufficiently unprotected base, therefore it is advisable to immediately create a drainage system that protects the concrete structure from precipitation.

Outside the ribbon foundation should be broken by a small trench, which is subsequently filled with rubble. Already after creating a house, it is necessary to remove all the sediments that fall on the roof, with the help of a pipe directly to the zone with rubble. During the rain, all the water will fall into the trench filled, and the ribbon foundation will be in complete safety. The scene, in turn, will also distinguish all the sediments directly on the rubble.

Of course, you can consider many other schemes for precipitation, however, the previously presented option is the easiest, reliable and budget.