The choice of foundations is determined by the weight of the construction of the building and the technical characteristics of the soils that occur at the base, and indeed the construction of how and repairing the dacha, the case for responsible and not lazy people.
Consides both technical and economic factors.When is more rational to use the Stated foundations?
The use of columnar foundations is substantiated with certain conditions:
- the building does not have basement;
- Walls are made of lightweight structures: wooden, frame, shield;
- when booking foundations on bunched soils;
- The walls are made of bricks, but if necessary, laying a deep foundation, the columnar foundations are much more economical than tapes.
High-quality brick is a great option for the construction of columnar foundations.
Masonry of the columnar foundations from bricks is a simple and reliable version of the device of the main supporting structure.
The location scheme is developed by taking into account the most loaded points: the corners and the intersection of walls, severely loaded runs, separately standing supports.
The minimum section sizes depend the load on the foundation and from the depth of its bookmark relative to the ground level. A constructive section for parts of the foundation, located above the level of the Earth, is taken by 400 x 400 mm, below - 500 x 500 mm. The height of the pillars is made at least 20-30 cm above the level of ground level.
The strength of the foundation provides primarily the quality of the brick, which should not be checked and contain chipping, cracks, chosen. High-quality brick is easy to determine the ringing sound played when hitting.
Correct brick foundation.
For a brick column device, a hole is digging with dimensions exceeding the foundation cross section for the convenience of work. At the bottom of the pits pour a layer of sand up to 10 cm high and tamper it. Strengthen the base of the concrete layer with a height of up to 20 cm, after which the basement is carried out. A week after completing the masonry, the ground around the foundation falls asleep and tamper.
Since the brick has high hygroscopic properties, it is necessary to perform waterproofing. For vertical waterproofing, the cheapest and quite effective way is to coating with hot bitumen. Modern materials for horizontal waterproofing - polymer-bitumen membranes; Of the traditional methods, the use of sheet waterproofing materials or a hard cement solution is common.
The device of brick columnar foundations is an economical and reliable option. Such foundations can be operated for more than 50 years.
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