The insulation of the attic do it yourself. How to insulate the attic

Recently, the construction of an attic was very relevant. Due to this room, you can well expand the area of \u200b\u200bthe house and the entire site, while saving on building materials. But in order for the attic to be comfortable, cozy and suitable for accommodation in any season, it must be insulated from the inside.

Content

Description of the structure

Attic room is always with a slope of a roof that can have any form: a symmetrical and asymmetric, triangular or broken, can be located on the area of \u200b\u200bthe whole building or only some parts. The supporting structures of the attic room are made of wood, metal, reinforced concrete. An attic room has a number of advantages and advantages:

minimizes heat loss through the roof, due to which it is possible to save on the heating of the room;
expands the living area of \u200b\u200bhouses with a small metro station;
he serves as an decoration of the building, ennobles it, makes it more completed.

Materials for the insulation of the attic

As already mentioned, the attic room can use all year round, it should be suitable for this. Before you take for the insulation of the attic, you need to choose a good and reliable insulation. For work uses a variety of materials:

Glasswater is one of the budgetary variants of the insulation, well kept warm, non-toxic, has good resistance to fires, but has its drawbacks. The glass gamble itself highlights a lot of harmful dust, which can be dangerous to human health. For this reason, all work on the warm-water insulation must be carried out in a special protective suit, be sure to wear gloves, glasses and a mask, which prevents dust from entering the respiratory tract. If you still decide to make a choice in favor of glass gambles, then do not neglect the safety technique.
Fiberboard is an excellent insulation for the attic, which are located above the baths and saunas. This material has excellent sound and thermal insulation, the plates are not subject to deformation, it is easy to work with them. It is especially convenient to use the Fiber Back in the event that you plan to glue walls with wallpaper - the plates are very smooth, do not require special leveling, plastering and finishes. This is a budget and absolutely safe version of the insulation.
Polyfoam is one of the traditional and popular options for insulation of indoor rooms. Inexpensive, easy to work, keeps warm. But it has a lot of drawback - has a high flammability and fire hazard, while toxic substances. Does not tolerate high humidity.
Polystyetilol - has the same advantages as foam, but more safe, not a fuel, not toxic, is not afraid of high humidity, has a higher sound and noise insulation, is not afraid of aggressive chemistry. Mount the polystyrene foam is easily, the price is low.
Equata - sprayed insulation, according to the properties similar to wood, impregnated with an antiseptic, which prevents the damage of the material. Eco-tailed ceilings insulate.
Foil materials - serve not only as insulation materials, but also mirrored heat, which is trying to exit the room. For greater efficiency, the insulator from the foil material is located so that the aluminum side looks inside the room, and the distance between it and the vaporizolator was at least 5 cm.

General recommendations

If you decide to insulate the attic of the attic with your own hands, learn the following recommendations:

The attic is an attic room, most of which is a cool roof, so it must be borne in mind that all work on insulation will be carried out on the inclined surface.
When choosing insulation, guided not only by your material opportunities, but also take into account your experience of construction work.
The sequence of work depends on how the insulation you preferred when choosing. It is important to comply with both general warming rules and individual rules to a specific material.
It is not recommended to use polyurethane foam and similar solid insulation, they are not suitable for ensuring the density of the junction with the roof system. Also is not suitable for plays a mounting foam.
The use of a waterproofing film is a prerequisite, it will be a fuse rafted from moisture.
Consider that the attic room is not only a roof. It has Paul, Fronttones and Endov. They must also be insulated to achieve a complete effect.

Features of the insulation of individual units

If the attic was in the project under construction, then its shape and sizes will depend on the roof. Most often, the roof in private houses is built broken duple. For the attic of this type of walls, they do not specifically erected. For an attic room, which is placed in the roof of this type with a bias of 45-60 °, additionally, the walls are built 1-1.2 m in height at the height of the attic itself in 2.2 m and width 2, 4 m or more. Such walls are insulated in the same way as the roof itself of the attic.

To date, three options for insulation of the roofs of the attic:

on top of the carrier frame - used on the roofs of buildings warmed by the facade, and carrying structures and is elements of the attic room. In such buildings, the roof is insulated, the outer walls of the attic and the facade insulation is carried out at the same time, the inner walls do not need insulation;
inside the carrier frame - the walls in this case are insulated from the inside, only after that their finish is carried out;
on both sides of the frame - not suitable for metal bearing structures, since there is a danger of freezing. For wooden structures, this option of insulation is allowed. But the rafters themselves should be the thickness of the insulation, it is necessary for better air circulation.

Options Floor insulation

Insulation for the floor of an attic room, you can choose any of those that fit on a bare floor or between its lags:

if you plan to raise the floor from the fiberboard, then it is necessary to place the runner end. Two layers of DVP can be treated by clean floor - parquet, linoleum or carpet;
another old and proven method of insulation of floors - on a layer of rubberoid is poured by a layer of sawdust at 20-25 cm. In order to avoid settlement in such a mice insulation, the sawdust is recommended to mix with lime. But it must be remembered that this type of insulation has a significant drawback - sawdust have increased flammability.

Step-by-step mansard insulation instructions

First of all, it is necessary to determine what is the correctly built and insulated roof.

So, in order:

The topmost layer, which covers the roof - tile, bituminous tile, metal tile, ondulin, slate, siding. The main role of this coverage is to prevent falling into the premises of rainfall in the form of rain, snow, hail.
Waterproofing - a layer of material that is capable of restraining water, but does not hold back the water pairs. It can be a rubberoid or a special film. Waterproofing performs a protective function - does not let moisture to the layers of the insulation, but produces its pairs back from the insulation, if it penetrated it in it (most often it penetrates through the joints and settles inside the condensate). Waterproofing is stacked so that the moisture has the opportunity to flip over it.
Thermal insulation is any insulation that has been listed above. Its main role is to keep heat inside the premises, not releaseing it out.
Parosolation is a film that is able to hold not only water, but also its pairs, thereby protecting the heat insulation from moisture. Absolutely can not be air in no room in which there are people, and therefore, without vaporizolation, it is impossible to do.
The decoration of walls and roofs - for it is used drywall, plywood, chipboard sheets and fiberboard. They are usually attached to the supporting structure (maintains a living area) or to the frame of the metal profile, stamped to the rafters (reduces the area of \u200b\u200bthe room).
Decorative finish - sticking wallpaper, plastic trampling, plaster, etc.

Tools and materials

In the process of work on the insulation of the attic you will need the following materials and tools:

nails;
hammer;
saw;
axe;
carpentry tool;
wooden timber;
stapler;
glue;
tape adhesive water repellent;
fasteners (brackets, corners);
antiseptic for wood;
diffusion membrane;
reinforcing fiberglass mesh;
wooden bar (3.5 - 4 cm);
film vaporizolation;
material for insulation to choose from (glass gamble, polystyrene foam, ekwat, foam);
material for finishing (chipboard, fiberboard, plastic or wooden lining, plaster, wallpaper).

Warming roof attic

Waterproofing for insulation

If you decide to equip the attic in the already built room, then the roof waterproofing according to the rules must be present. If the waterproofing was not provided, we will have to disassemble the roof and pave the waterproofing film. After that, the roof can be collected.

Heat insulation for insulation

So, proceed to the insulation of the attic:

Treat all wooden coatings with antiseptic and let them dry.
It is desirable to process the wooden surfaces by the flame retardant composition after processing the antiseptic.
Rocking and covered with mold wooden parts need to be removed and replaced, otherwise the entire design will begin to deteriorate.
After all the preparatory work, you can start installing the insulation, laying it between the rafters. For this you need fasteners. Also, the fasteners can be replaced with thin rails - they are fixed perpendicular to the rafters.
It is important to withstand the distance between waterproofing and insulation sheets. It must be at least 20 cm and no more than 50 cm. It will improve ventilation.
Place the insulation correctly, without leaving the gaps between it and rafters. If this fails, small chopped sheets of insulation are placed in the gaps.
If you need, the insulation can be laid in 2 layers. In this case, the joints of the insulation should not coincide in the layers so that the gaps are not formed.
Make sure that the insulation is laid correctly, it is possible to the eye - the surface must be smooth, without protruding pieces of insulation.

Steamproofing for insulation

After thermal insulation, proceed to vapor barrier:

For vaporizolation, you can use a regular or membrane film (foil, perforated).
Slices of film are attached to the brass to each other at 15-20 cm. It is more convenient to do this by a stapler. For the reliability of the joints of the film, the transverse structures of the water-repellent ribbon are stuck. Do not pull the film strongly, leaving approximately 1 cm sagging so that it does not rush when the moisture is absorbed.

Decorative finish

The final stage will be the decoration of the walls and the ceiling:

With the help of a carpentine tool (nails, screws, hammer, saws) fasten sheets of fiberboard, chipboard, plywood, plastic or wooden lining. You can choose any of these materials, what you like more or depending on your material opportunities.
If you hold finishing works Fiberboard, chipboard or sheets of plywood, then before painting or opening the lacquer, you need to isolate the screws of screws or nails, the surface to shook down, then sand and primer it. Only after that you can spend paintwork. Similarly, the surface is preparing and under pasting with wallpaper.
Do not forget to insulate all engineering systems if they are provided for by the project. Electric wiring hide in a special cable that is not afraid of fires, and the chimney isolate asbestos or metal sheets.

As you can see, the insulation of the attic from the inside is not such a difficult case with which anyone having to this desire can cope. The main thing is to be attentive to choose to choose the heat insulator and follow all the recommendations on the technique of its laying.