Measures and various kinds of calculations are needed with any construction or repair work. It is especially important to calculate the cross-section of pipes, because it depends on the correctness of their compound, and, consequently, the safety of the entire water supply system in the building. But some of the owners of the premises in which the repair and replacement of pipes are carried out, may not be enough knowledge in carrying out such computing, which is why questions arise. In particular, not everyone knows how the calculation of the necessary parameters of the pipes - the area of \u200b\u200bpainting, section, etc. Therefore, we will consider the data of the calculation techniques in more detail.
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The main points of computation
If we consider the pipe from the point of view of geometry, then it represents nothing but a simple cylinder. Therefore, the calculation is carried out according to the relevant formulas.
First of all, the calculations may be useful if necessary, make the heat transfer of heat transfer of any heat exchanger. As a result, it is possible to determine the dimensions of the surface that gives heat from the coolant. In fact, this value and will be an area of \u200b\u200bstaining of the steel pipe.
Often it is necessary to calculate heat loss along the way to the installed device for heating. To determine how many radiators or other heating elements will be required for installation, you need to know how much of each device, which is considered as an option for installation, there is calories. In some cases, a table may be required, which greatly facilitates the calculation of the surface area. Thus, it is possible to determine the exact amount of heating radiators to ensure a complete heat supply. And if the length of the heating panel is somewhat kilometers, then conducting an accurate calculation, it is that way to reduce the financial expenses of the enterprise.
In this case, it is necessary to do everything possible to reduce the heat transfer to the minimum values. To find out how much to acquire heat-saving material for pipes, you need to calculate the surface area that you need to protect against unwanted heat loss. For this, the table can be useful. These calculations allow you to find out the area of \u200b\u200bpainting a profile pipe.
Below in the table shows what is the area of \u200b\u200bPainting 1 square. m. Pipes, depending on the size of the insulating layer:
Surface surface under painting along with expenses on the flow rate of paint per 1 square meter. m. Allows you to determine the fairly accurate volume of the necessary purchases. In addition, in this case, you can independently determine how the master is correct and "honestly" calculated the amount of material required for repair. For example, if the paints or bitumen varnish leaves two times more than it was calculated, it means that the remaining amount of the material goes "not for its intended".
Calculation of the area of \u200b\u200bthe cross section for painting pipes
Such calculations can be used for various purposes. For example, they are necessary to determine the patency of a certain part of the structure. No one forbids installing a pipe with a large crossway, but this is again additional and unreasonable expenses.
Manufacturers of paints and varnishes often point to the consumption of material banks for the 1st quarter. m. If the pipes must be installed in a private home, it is possible to dispense with the calculation, because when using larger diameter pipe Overrun Finance will be small. However, this may lead to an increase in heat loss. If you do not understand why this happens, you need to know that the more massive the surface of the pipe, the more it will give warmth, and, consequently, the heat loss will be greater. In addition, the diameter of the conduit depends on the amount of water that will fit into it.
To successfully calculate the diameter of the pipe, you need to know some important parameters:
- In particular, it is required to determine the material from which the tube and inner structure to measure the diameter (real and nominal).
- More need diameter value fittings and fittings.
- Furthermore, it should perform measurements of the wall thickness.
Do not forget that if you choose the wrong size, it may cause heat loss and pressure drop, and in the whole system. That is why you need to properly and timely to conduct hydraulic calculation. Obtained during such calculation values \u200b\u200ballow to define the diameter of the pipe portion, wherein the exerted pressure, which appeared due to the hydraulic resistance of each of the rings can be improved by 10%.
section calculation - it is quite an easy task, which is based on the formulas known to us from school. In particular, it is necessary to recall the lessons of geometry, where we studied the formula for calculating the area of \u200b\u200ba circle. In this case, the calculated area of \u200b\u200ba circle and is thereby cross-sectional value of the outside diameter of the pipe, but excluding the thickness of its walls.
From the school program known that the area of \u200b\u200ba circle is considered by multiplying the number Pi to the radius squared.
When dealing with water pipes need to know that the water pressure designs usually fills the entire available amount. But in the gravity sewer in the water flow while the walls are wetted by the moisture only partially. This should be taken into account in the calculation. Indeed, in this case it turns out that the tube has a minimal flow resistance.
Calculation pipe volume
Typically, calculations take only a portion of the tube. The very process of computing the volume quite fast. First, find the area of \u200b\u200ba circle is needed on the outer diameter (D).
This value can be obtained by applying the following formula:
- S \u003d Pi * (D / 2) ²,
Here: d - the outer diameter of the pipe.
PI - 3.14.
There is another variant of the same formula. It looks like this:
- S \u003d PI * R²,
Here: P is the external radius of the pipe or half of the diameter.
When the area of \u200b\u200bthe circle is found, you can determine the volume in the cube. m. For this, the value obtained in the previous step (area of \u200b\u200bthe circle - S) is multiplied by the length of the pipe - L, i.e. The following formula is used:
- V \u003d S * L
Such elementary calculations are easily made in the head or on the calculator.
Calculation of the masses of the pipe
The mass value is calculated in order to know how much expenses will be needed for transportation. This is especially important when using large structures. From high school it should be known that in order to find the mass of the object, you need to multiply its volume on the density of the material (in our case the density of the pipe material).
Specialists of their business are able to use special reference books instead of tedious computing. They can find already calculated the weights of the pipe meter of pipes from various materials. Therefore, they solve the question in a different way, how to calculate the painting area of \u200b\u200bthe pipe.
It is easiest to make such calculations using the relevant standards. This will use some information. Be sure to know from which material the pipe was made, what is its wall thickness and which is its external and inner diameter. If you know how much one running meter of a particular pipe weighs, then the mass is easily determined by multiplying this value to the pipe length (in meters).
To fulfill these calculations, high school knowledge is also sufficient. To determine the weight of the pipe, you can use special calculators where the required source data is clogged and by pressing the buttons we get a ready-made result.
Calculation of the area of \u200b\u200bthe pipe under the color
In our area, it is necessary to insulate pipelines so that they do not burst in winter from the temperature drop. This is definitely additional costs, but they can be even more if you do not calculate the required amount of thermal insulation material.
In particular, you need to know how much material will be needed to perform work. For this purpose, the value of the outer surface of the pipe is calculated.
Any cylindrical shape, in fact, can be represented as a rectangle rolled into the tube. To calculate the area there is a simple product of length and width. The length of the rectangle in our case will be the length of the segment of the structure, and the width is the value of the outer circle.
As we remember from school years, the circumference length can be defined as follows: multiply 3.14 (number Pi) to the diameter value.
If you apply this formula to our calculations, we obtain that the surface area of \u200b\u200bthe painting of the pipes is calculated in the same way: 3.14 (PI number) multiply to the value of the outer diameter and the length of the structure.
Using these calculation techniques, you can find several important indicators, among which is the area of \u200b\u200bthe inner surface and the inner volume of the design. To do this, when calculating instead of external diameter, the value of the internal diameter is taken. Thus, you can find out how to calculate the painting area of \u200b\u200bthe pipe.
Non-standard pipe cross section
The pipe cross section is not always round. For example, it can be oval, trapezoidal or rectangular. How then to make the calculation? After all, all the methods of calculations that were given above were calculated on a round cross section.
In the calculation of the pipes of non-standard sections, there is really nothing complicated. The simplest knowledge of the school curriculum will also be useful. For example, you have a square or rectangular pipe, which are nothing but an ordinary quadrangle. Calculate the area of \u200b\u200bsuch a figure is very simple - you need to find a product of the width and length of the parties. Knowing the cross-sectional area, you can find the volume - multiply the area and the length of the structure.
To find the area of \u200b\u200bcolor square pipes, you need to get the value of the perimeter of the cross section (the sum of the lengths of all sides) and the length of the pipe.
If the paper uses materials having a trapezoid cross section, then their perimeter can be calculated according to the following formula: fold the length of all sides. Next, the obtained value must be multiplied by the length of the existing pipe. Thus, we will calculate its area.
To calculate the volume of the pipe of such a configuration, it is necessary, first of all, you need to multiply the value of the semita of its bases to the height of the height of the trapezoid. Next, the obtained value is multiplied by the length of the pipe.
If the pipe has an oval section, then the calculations are similar to those described above. In particular, it is the length of the circumference of the oval and the value of the area. To get a surface area, you need to calculate the product of the circumference of the circle and the length of the pipe. To find the volume - the cross-sectional area of \u200b\u200bthe oval pipe is multiplied by the length of the pipe.
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