Weeds for a dacket or gardener - an eternal problem. Previously, they struggled with them very simply - we had a clock with each bed, but today, fortunately, destroy weeds can be easier and in a quick way. The main assistants in this case are herbicides - special substances that do not allow the weeds to "strange" useful cultures. In this article we will talk about what herbicides from weeds can be used to find a clean and beautiful vegetable vegetable garden.
Appointment and classification of herbicides
Why do we certainly get rid of weeds on the garden? It would seem that the usual greens, only useless ... But everything is not so harmless, as it may seem at first glance. Weed herbs, like any other plants, need beneficial substances, sun, space. They deprive all this useful cultures, and instead of powerful stems and large fruits, barely live plants are growing with low yields. In addition, weeds are foci of dissemination of diseases, the habitat of pests and bacteria.
Weeds overgrown with a garden or a field, even if it is hard to fertilize, will not bring a good harvest and in time will inverse. Ordinary weeds reduce yields by 10-15%, and this is if not to take into the calculation of pests - insects, birds, rodents. As a result, food prices are growing, the efficiency of financial and time costs for watering, fertilizer, etc. decreases. Simply put, weeds are negated by all attempts to increase the yield and quality of fruits.
The cost of combating weeds is quite large, but they are completely paid off effective results. There are many ways to get rid of weed grass - pull off with roots, exhausted (trim shoots), produce pests of "narrow-controlled action", process chemicals. As practice shows, it is the last way that is the most efficient. Herbicides help to save a huge amount of time and money, increase the yield of fruit crops without harm to their quality, as well as to reduce the possible minimum of the weeding work.
Herbicides are singular substances that are intended to eliminate weeds. Their scope of use is very wide, but they are used mainly to process crops of agricultural crops. The composition of herbicide may have one or more existing components, which makes it possible to significantly expand their spectrum of exposure.
Since the pesticide market offers a huge number of herbicides from weeds, it is quite difficult to classify them. So according to the spectrum of action, they are selective and solid. The first is used to process separately taken crops, for example, only potatoes or only beets. The main task of herbicides of the electoral action is not to harm the useful culture, but to destroy only weed. What caused such selectivity? Here we approached close to the next classification. Herbicides may be harmless to beneficial plants, since it is not able to penetrate the thick shell, or its chemical compounds are not strong (biochemical selectivity). The morphological differences between weeds and useful crops also play the role, topographic factors (the depth of the penetration of herbicide to the ground), etc.
Solid impact chemicals have more power and are intended for complete elimination of vegetation cover. Such herbicides are used not only in agriculture, but also in industry, for example, if it is necessary to clean the railway track or the construction site.
Herbicides, falling into a plant, can move in different ways. Based on this, contact and systemic drugs are distinguished. Contact "work" only at those points where herbicide got and do not move inside the plants. Systemic can penetrate inside and diverge through all parts of weed with a flow of vegetable juice. It is logical to assume that systemic herbicides are most effective because it is completely suppressed by unwanted vegetation, including ground and root parts. In some cases, they are the only possible way to derive weeds, for example, in the case of a dusty creeping, which has a very powerful and "alive" root system.
Herbicides can penetrate the leaves and other terrestrial plants, affect the roots or the soil around or have a combined effect. You can enter them or directly into the soil before sowing (before the emergence of the first shoots), or after the sprouts appear (mainly used for cereals).
The exposure spectrum also distinguishes anti-cereal herbicides, or urminicides that kill weeds in crops, and anti-confusion. The latter are also known as anti-community and applied from dicotyledonous weeds.
How to choose herbicide
When buying herbicides against weeds, it is very important to make the right choice, otherwise you can destroy not only them, but also useful plants. At best, chemicals will not make any effect, so the selectivity and nature of the effects of drugs should be carefully learned. For example, "Poaster", "Targa" and "Furore-Super" are struggling with weeds of a family of tonkons, which grow in crops of two-sided C / x cultures, and "Puma-Super" can withdraw pool fever, and oxus, although they relate to One family.
As we have already spoken, the specifics of the effects of herbicides depends on the anatomical and external differences in plants. For example, cultures having a dense cuticle, thick omitting and wax flare are quite capable of withstanding the effects of herbicides, since the drug simply will not be able to break through through such natural "armor". Plants with narrow leaves - "arrows" also have their own protection mechanism - chemicals simply flow along vertical "feathers" down, not time to penetrate inside (garlic, bow, etc.).
Those plants whose roots go deep into the ground, over time, become unresponsible to herbicides contained in the upper beds of the soil and do not get to the roots (field oily, horsetail, creeping gloss).
The reaction of cultural varieties on herbicides is very interesting. Some of them are able to quickly destroy chemical molecules, splitting them on inactive harmless components. Others can pass herbicides through themselves and allocate them through the roots into the ground without the slightest harm for the plant itself (corn).
Modern biotechnologies and genetic engineering are creating real wonders. Scientists have already learned how to manage the resistance of beneficial crops to the effects of chemical poisons from weeds. They determine the genetic area of \u200b\u200bplant stability, instill this code for the entire culture, resulting in crops that can be treated with herbicides without fear.
The cost of herbicide depends on the components used in its composition and principle of influence. Selective means are usually more expensive than the herbicides of a continuous action, since they influence plants much more difficult and give a more effective result.
The effectiveness of herbicides
The effectiveness of herbicides directly affects the method of making, dosage of the drug and strict adherence of instructions for use. Finding on the surface of the soil, chemicals are very quickly losing toxicity due to the effects of ultraviolet, wind and other factors. The final detoxification on average occurs after 20-25 days, but each drug has its own decomposition rate. Different drugs are distributed in places of germination of weed seeds during rain or irrigation in the first few days after the application.
Also, the effectiveness of the treatment with herbicides largely depends on the quality of soil preparation in the spring. If there is a lot of dense lumps with a diameter of 2-3 cm, the effect of drugs will noticeably weaken, because they will not evenly distribute the soil. Even with the optimal amount of precipitation and good watering in the spring period, the protective properties of herbicides are not fully activated.
Another necessary condition is the sealing of drugs immediately after sowing while the soil has not lost moisture. So that they do not lose activity, it is recommended to evaporate them into the upper soil layer immediately after the application (better simultaneously with it).
If you apply herbicides on vegetative plants, it is best to make them at a temperature of + 20c into mildly dry weather by early in the morning after the dew gone. The most toxic effects of herbicides have when spraying weeds in the early phases (when it was formed from 2 to 6 leaves). They work slowly, but more resistant to the destructive environmental impact.
The use of herbicides
As you already understood, various herbicides are required to improve the yield of different crops. In order to correctly choose the desired chemical drug, it is necessary to have a large luggage of agrotechnical knowledge, but fortunately, manufacturers have facilitated the life of lovers to lovers and sorted herbicides in a simple and understandable way.
Below we present a list of basic garden crops and herbicides of the electoral method of impact that will help you save them from weeds:
- Cabbage - "Butzan", "Panther", "Stomp", "Semeron", "Targa", "Fuelade". The dosage of each drug is indicated on the package. "Butzan" is used for boobs with creative and dysfotic weeds with a seaside process of growing. Seedlings should be planted after 1-2 day after making the drug into the ground. In the next 3-4 weeks of plants do not need to process. Perching to spend in late periods.
"Stomp" and "TREFLAN" make before the plants Bedding mandatory zaryhleniem preparations.
The dosage of herbicides depends on the physical characteristics of the soil and the degree of fertility. For heavy fertile soil take a little more preparation than for light.
During the growing season to maintain the cleanliness of cabbage crops is recommended to use "Semeron".
"Panther" is struggling with annual and perennial cereal.
- Tomatoes - this culture has low competitiveness, especially in the process of growing seed. "Treflan" helps fight the dicotyledonous annual grasses and herbs prior to planting seeds or seedlings. To increase the effectiveness of the drug, it is recommended zaryhlyat rotary cultivator in the ground immediately after making, or to do this in the next 3 hours. "TREFLAN" make 14 days before sowing, pre-cultivating soil, since the drug is not able to destroy adult plants.
"Zenkor" is used until transplanting and during the growing season when released tomatoes 2-4 leaves.
"Stomp" 33% is used to eliminate dicotyledonous annual gramineous plant prior to planting or emergence of the first shoots.
'Targa' - preparation for spraying during the growing season, when tomato leaf appeared 1-2. If the site is clogged 10-20 cm high with perennial weeds, the dosage should be increased several times.
"Fyuzelad" should be entered into the active growing season weed family cereal before peeling phase, when annual plants appeared 2-3 leaf, and in perennial - 3-4.
- Carrots - "Racer", "Targa", "Furor", "Stomp", "prometrin", "Naboo". These drugs can destroy weeds, not oppressing culture, with the minimum doses. "Prometrin" affects not only through the roots, but also through the leaves and is able to deal with almost all types of grass weeds.
- Eggplant - to protect these crops are also used "TREFLAN" prior to transplanting, preparation zaryhlyaya immediately to a depth of 5-7 cm.
- Beetroot - "Pyramin", "Vitoks", "Burefen", "Furor", "Targa", "Gekselur", "Dual", "Fyuzelad super." "Preparation" Peramin "actively fighting with annual dicotyledonous weeds, make it necessary to beet sowing or prior to the onset of germination. Characterized by the root influence and provokes death of weeds shortly after germination.
"Hxelur" is very toxic and effective against cereal and dicotyond annual weeds. Full decay with good irrigation occurs after 4-5 months.
"Betanal" kills annual dicotyledtic herbs during the growing season when they have 2-4 sheets.
"Burfen" is intended for the destruction of broadcast weeds, affecting the semi-union phase after beets.
- Onions - "STOMP", "Gaal", "Toril", "Ihotril", "Nabu", "Panther", "Targa-Super", "Fuelade-super".
"Goal" is used from dysdootilic weeds at the beginning of the growing season. "Toril" is effective when weeds appeared from 3 to 6 leaves. Panther struggles with annual and perennial plants in phase 3-6 leaves. - Garlic - "Treflan", "Gezagard", "Stomp", "Ihotril". "Treflan" is used in the post-period, immediately close it in the ground.
- Dill, Parsley - "Gezagard", "Stomp", "Fuelade-Super". "Gezagardom" spray crops in the growing season in phase 1-2 leaves from cereal and dicotyledonous weeds. "STOMP" is made to seedlings.
- Peas and beans - "Treflan", "Gezagard".
- Cucumbers and all Bakhchyeva - "Treflan", "Dual", "Depera", "Nabu", "Fuelade", "Targa".
- Potatoes - "Zenkor", "Gezagard", "Stomp", "Reiser", "Frontier", "Fuelade-Super", "Panther". "Zenkor" is used from the annual dicotyathic, bringing to germs and during vegetation when potatoes grew by 10-15 cm.
"Gezagard" should be made 3-5 days before germination. The implementation of potatoes can be carried out not earlier than 3 months. After making herbicide.
"Frontier" helps to clean the landings from perennial and annual cereal weeds, and they also contribute to the shoots of potatoes.
Before use of herbicides, remember that their dosage should be correlated with the physical and chemical peculiarities of the soil on the site.
The fight against weeds with herbicides will significantly simplify the management of agriculture and increases yield. The most important thing is to carefully understand the specifics of the impact of a drug and strictly withstand the dosage.
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