Black tomatoes began to conquer domestic gardeners at the beginning of the new millennium and in just a couple of years they found unheard of popularity. They are valued not only for an unusual appearance, but also for a pronounced taste and aroma. We offer to get acquainted with the varieties of black tomato closer and find out which of them are best suited for growing at home, in the open and closed soil.
General information about ferrous tomatoes
The first thing that rushes into the eyes is a strange color of fruits. In truth, pure black tomatoes does not exist, this is a generalized name, covering all varieties of dark red, blue, purple, brown and other fruits with dark color. The shape and dimensions can also be very different, ranging from small sulfur cherries, ending with large pear-like tomatoes. The cultivation of ferrous tomatoes occurs along the same scheme as the usual. They need the same fertilizers, suffer from the same diseases and pests. The only thing, some varieties are more resistant to the effects of negative factors, thanks to the intervention of breeders.
Useful information: Very often you can find information that the black-like tomatoes are gennomified, but it is not. Most varieties are obtained by conventional selection, as familiar red or yellow tomatoes.
In addition to the typical color of the main distinguishing feature of black tomatoes, their rich taste is. He is expressed much brighter than most of the majority varieties. This is explained by the large concentration of sugars and acids. They not only form an exquisite fragrance, but they play an important role in strengthening human immunity.
Useful properties of black tomato
As part of the black-fledged tomatoes, anthocian substances are present, which have powerful antioxidant properties, and therefore are a good product for preventing cancer. In addition, Anthocians significantly strengthen the immune system, they have a beneficial effect on the work of the cardiovascular system, contribute to the removal of excess fluid from the body.
As mentioned above, black tomatoes contain an increased amount of sugars and at the same time possess a balanced sugar-acid index 2.5: 1. The composition contains vitamin I also known as licopene, which actively contributes to the cure of the prostate adenoma. High concentration of provitamin A improves vision, and a unique combination of useful components creates an effect of aphrodisiac, having favorably reflected on the sexual function.
In other words, black tomatoes are not only tasty and unusual, but also very helpful. Anyone who seeks to health and longevity must include these vegetables in their diet.
Varieties of black tomato
Since the beginning of the 2000s, breeders have received many varieties of black tomato, excellent in shape, sizes and painting of fruits. Each of them has its own specificity, but to list everything would be quite long, so we decided to stay on the most popular. Seeds of black tomato in most cases can be bought in any horticultural store, but some rare varieties can only be found on the Internet.
The most popular varieties of black-fed tomatoes:
- Black Prince - This variety is suitable for those who have no time to constantly care and follow tomatoes. The undemanding plant, which gives good crops. The fruits on the medium of the bush ripen pretty quickly. Since the bushes are rather colorful, the seedlings must be planted with a distance of 50-60 cm between bushes and at least 1 m between the rows. As the stalks are growing, you need to be tied up on the sets. The land should be predetermined by the organic (humus or manure). Seeds are planted at the seedlings at the end of February, and by the mid-end of June, the wounds are formed. Fruits depending on the conditions and quality of care can gain a mass in 150-400 g. The period of fruiting is quite prolonged. Tomato Description Black Prince Miscellaneous, depending on the conditions of cultivation and quality of care, but in general they are covered with thin skin, because of which they have a tender consistency, but poorly hold the shape and are not at all suitable for transportation. Tomatoes are black prince need regular and abundant irrigation to form a rich harvest of tremendous tomatoes. Dark red fruits weighing up to 450 g are perfectly suitable for the preparation of salads, sauces and other dishes.
- Black pineapple - the variety is named so because of the unusual painting of the fruit: brown-yellow peel and a brown red-orange-green flesh. Sweet-tart taste makes black pineapple with real delicacy, and an unusual appearance - decoration of any table. A bush grows by 1.5 m in height and needs a garter, since the average mass of large tomatoes is 450-500.
- Black pear is a medieval intederminant grade, giving fruit pear-shaped. A bush grows by 1.5-1.8 m in height and fruits in small fruits weighing up to 100 g. The flesh is densely, so the harvest tolerates the transportation, dark burglar or brown. A black pear can be in a fresh form or make blanks for the winter. Of the advantages of the variety, it is possible to distinguish with phytoophluorosis resistance, excellent flavoring qualities, long preservation of the commodity type, long period of fruiting. Also, tomatoes are not cracking, and their pulp contains a large percentage of carotene. But to get a rich harvest, it is necessary to regularly make fertilizers and steaming bushes.
- Viagra is an intederminant medium grade, resistant to such common "tomato" diseases as a tobacco mosaic and colaporiosis. To get a rich harvest, you need to leave 8 brushes, then pinch the top. Viagra can be grown only in greenhouses or in the open soil in the southern regions. With 1 m² you can collect up to 10 kg of fruits. The unusual name variety received due to the high content of substances that improve the operation of the sexual system.
- Black de Barao - an Inderentic grade reaching 2 m in height. It requires steaming, loves heat, so it is possible to grow it only in greenhouses or in the open ground in the southern regions of the country. The soil for planting should be a fertile, rich organica, but before the fruiting will require additional fertilizer. To get the first yield of Tomators Black de Barao in the early middle of July, the seedlings must be planted in March. With 1 bush, it is possible to get from 5 to 8 kg of fruits. Tomatoes are suitable for consuming fresh, cooking dishes and blanks for the winter.
- Black Mavr is a semi-technicennant medieval variety reaching 100-150 cm in height. Fruit with small tomatoes weighing about 50 g, up to 20 pcs can appear on one brush. With 1 m² of landings you can get up to 5 kg of harvest. Tomatoes Black Mavr will be the best option for lovers and novice gardens, as they are pretty unpretentious in care and at the same time always give a good harvest.
- Lilac lake - a semi-peternant early early grade, reaching a height of 150 cm. Fruit with flat-headed tomatoes of iscin-burgundy color weighing from 200 to 350 g.
- Chocolate Bunny - Little Black Cherry Tomatoes. The variety successfully combines the positive qualities of fine and multicolored tomatoes. The plant is an inteterminant and non-librid, the harvest matures in the middle-end of July (100-120 days after the appearance of the first germs). Shrubs are small and grow up to 130 cm, but in this case they are very strong and rather diffuse, and therefore need to be tied and pasynkovanii. The single brush 10 may be fastened to plum fruit shape and maroon. The weight of each tomato does not exceed 50 g. It is noteworthy that with heat treatment of the peel is not bursting, and tomatoes retain the form, and therefore the hostess often use them for canning.
- Black chocolate is a medieval intederminant variety, distinguished by resistance to common "tomato" diseases and unpretentiousness in care. Fruit with small black cocktail type tomatoes, painted in a uniform chocolate color with a slightly purple tint. Tomatoes covered with thick elastic skin and has a sweet taste with a fruity flavor. It is believed that this is a purely salad grade, but, as practice shows, it is well suited for canning. In each of numerous brushes on the bush 12 to ripen fruit, and therefore yield is obtained each time an abundant - 5 kg / m². Tomatoes are suitable for transportation and can be kept long, without losing taste. The only drawback - Dark chocolate can be grown only in greenhouses.
The last two varieties of black tomatoes prefer exclusively organic and mineral fertilizers and do not accept any chemistry. If you notice that the fruits have begun to change color with chocolate on brown or pink, if the spots appeared on the surface, then the amount of anthocyanin in the soil reached a critical minimum and disturbed acid-base balance. Anthocyanin tomatoes needed to maintain a dark color. To him it was always enough between rows of tomatoes is recommended to sow mustard and peas. It also helps to simply lay the tops of mustard or pea. For best results, it is necessary to alternate weekly feeding chicken manure, powdered chalk, and wood ash in an amount of 1 matchbox on a bush.
In the video below talked about the benefits of black tomatoes and their cultivation technology:
Growing technology
When you chose your favorite tomato varieties, you can proceed to their cultivation. In this part of the article we will briefly tell about the main points, and since the work with black tomatoes for the most part is no different from working with ordinary varieties, more complete information can be obtained from the article "A tomato. Landing, growing and care ».
Sowing seeds of black tomato
To collect the first harvest early, put a small amount of seeds a little earlier than the deadline. If you have a heated greenhouse, you can get to work in early February, and engage in the main sowing at the end of the month. If you have a plastic film greenhouse at your disposal, tomatoes can be sulking in the middle end of February. But in any case, with sowing seeds to seedlings, it is necessary to end until March 8-10, otherwise you will simply do not have time to collect a good harvest.
In modern horticultural stores, you can buy already disinfailed seeds covered with a nutritious protective layer, but if you got ordinary seeds, you need to soak them before boarding in a weak mortar solution for 15 minutes. For convenience, wrap the seeds into a non-sterile bandage, folded in several layers, and after soaking, rinse in warm running water. Next, fill the seeds by purchased growth stimulant, prepare it according to the instructions on the package, or freshly squeezed aloe juice mixed with water. Leave the capacity by 10-12 hours, after which they rinse again and fill the seeds by the usual filtered or rested water. Place them on a battery for a couple of days, supporting the humidity of the bandages. All of these manipulations should "wake up" seeds, and so that strong and endless bushes have grown, they need to harden. For this, two days later, on the battery, place the container on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator in the compartment for vegetables to the temperature + 3c.
The next day you can hang seeds to seed in pots. Fill them with a fertile earth substrate, sprinkle with a slight solution of manganese, to disinfect, and plant seeds in shallow grooves at a distance of 5-7 cm from each other. Sprinkle the grooves of the earth, how to moisturize the substrate from the spray gun, cover the pots of the film and put in a warm place before the first germs appear. This should happen 3-4 days after landing. During this period, protect the pots from drafts and ensure full-fledged lighting (it is recommended to place seedlings under the lamp of the cold and warm spectrum). Support the soil moisture and remove the film when the seedlings grow up.
After the appearance of 2-3 real leaves, write down the plants on the individual pots with a diameter of 6 cm. After 3 weeks, perform a re-picking, transplanting the crumbsticks in the pots with a diameter of 8-10 cm. When re-picking, repel the root tips so that the root system is distributed to the root and becomes stronger .
Planting to greenhouse or outdoor
In the greenhouse, tomatoes can be planted in the first half of May, and in the open soil under the film with the onset of steadily warm weather without night frosts. Tomatoes love well-lit sections with fertile soil. Sit down the bushes at least 40-50 cm from each other. First dig in a garden blade small pits, put in each one of them for 1 t. L. Nitroposki, Mix the fertilizer with the ground and hollow with water so that it leaks deep into. Next, remove the seedlings of the pot, without shaking the earthen com, and lower it into the hole. The remaining space fill in a mixture of peat, sand and humus.
Useful advice: Before omitting the seedlings in the hole, stuck in it near one of the walls of the long pole so that it is sticking over the level of the ground per 100-130 cm. As they grow, tie to the sixth tomatory bush. If you stick it after planting plants, there is a risk to injure the root system.
After landing, leave tomatoes alone for 4-5 days. During this time, do not water them, so that the seedlings can get involved. Make the first feeder after 3 weeks, mixing 1 tbsp. l. Nitroammofoski with 500 ml of a bird's litter and 10 liters of water. After kneading fertilizer, leave it for a couple of days to be fed, and only then feed the tomatoes. This mixture is recommended to make every 3-4 weeks to get a rich harvest.
Useful advice: In order to appear more stocking, every morning, slightly shake the floral tassels.
Caring for ferrous tomatoes
Many varieties of tomatoes, including black, need constant stepsing, that is, the removal of secondary shoots - steppes. If this is not done, the energy of the plant will go to the development of these steps, and not on the formation of the harvest, and you never get big juicy fruits. Sut off the steps with scissors, leaving 1-1.5 cm of the pencils so that in the future there are no new shoots in this place. In order not to infect the plant, disinfect the scissors, constantly wetting them in a weak solution of manganese in the process of work.
Watch that the leaves and the more the fruits of tomatoes do not touch the Earth, otherwise they will start grew that it can destroy all the plant. It is necessary to raise the fruit branches in a timely manner and collect harvest. If some tomatoes did not have time to ripen, put them in a dry dark and warm place, and they gradually arm.
To constantly receive good crops and prevent the development of diseases, it is necessary to observe crop rotation. For this, the next year on tomato beds is better to plant another culture, for example, cucumbers. If this option is not suitable, you carefully remove all plant residues and burn them. In early November, remove the top layer of soil 5 cm with a thickness of 5 cm and disinfected the inner surfaces of the walls and the ceiling of the greenhouse by treating them with soda mortar. To secure the result, it is recommended to set fire inside the sulfur checker and close the greenhouse for 2-3 days. Then open the doors and leave for the winter, and when the snow falls, throw it on the bed of a layer of 10 cm.
Tomatoes are not so difficult to grow, as it may seem at first glance, and if you choose the original varieties, you can truly fall in love with this work and every year to indulge yourself with tasty and healthy fruits.
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