Growing pepper seedlings

Sewage troubles

For late satisfying varieties, pepper will be perfectly if shoots appear in the first days of March (they are planted in the ground through 60-75 days), and the shoots of early varieties are approximately among March (in the ground - in 50-55 days). Do not squeeze the peppers in January-February! At this time, a lot of cloudy days. In the meantime, the sun will not appear, the pepper seedls will not release the first real sheet, even the backlight will not help. So it justs with the seedy leaves an extra month. The height will affect the crop! Pepper seeds Toromoslas. Old seeds, and germination is preserved 3-4 years, germinate even longer. Therefore, require proper pre-sowing processing, which consists of the following steps; Calibration, disinfection, soaking in a solution of biologically active substances, germination.

Of great importance at all stages has water quality: the cleaner and less salts in it, the better. Water should be nicking, best of all melt. When calibrating, select the largest well-performed seeds, without dark points and spots. Then disinfect them with anation in a 2-percent solution of manganese (a third of the KMPSH teaspoon to dissolve in 0.5 glasses of water) for 20 minutes.

Later we rinse the seeds of pepper running water and soaked in a solution of biologically active substances: "epin" or "zircon" (2-3 drops per 100 ml of water), or HB-101 (2-3 drops per 100 ml of water), or lignomate (0.01 - Percentage solution - straw color) for 15-16 hours at +29 ... + 32 "S. During soaking, swelling of seeds occurs, and the nutrients stored in them turn into an active form, germination is accelerated and the growth of shoots is stimulated. In the future, the sensitivity of germs to adverse conditions of cultivation is reduced, their resistance to disease increases.

After washing seeds with warm running water, we put them on germination until sliding. The trustees is the most vulnerable and dangerous in the life of the plant, so you have to try to speed up the germination as much as possible. We germinate the seeds of pepper On a wet substrate (napkin, fabric) in a comfortable closed dish, not allowing the drying of seeds at + 29 ... + 32 "C, placing them near the battery or on top of the kitchen shelves. When the seeds knock, the tip of the root, released from the sash, should be no more than 1 -1.5 mm. Now do not delay with sowing!

What to do when the seeds lasted

Pepper does not like the slightest damage to the roots. They are long and poorly restored, and therefore the peppers poorly tolerate the transplant (pickup), especially at an early age. It reacts with a complete growth stop for 3-4 weeks.

For continuous growth of pepper seedlings I can rush it without picking. All the seeds involved in the process of germination sowing one in a small pot (4.2 x 4.2 x 7 cm volume of 125 ml) to a depth of 0.5-1 cm. Singing only those seeds that sprouted first (within 4-5 day). This is how the selection of the strongest seedlings is selected. Each seed carefully take tweezers, trying not to hurt the root. The pepper seeds must certainly lie in the warm ground + 29 ... + 32 ° C. For this, pre-shed it with warm water.

After sowing, the pallet with pots put in the inflated polyethylene package and put in a warm place to constantly maintain this temperature of the soil to full shoots. Daily open packages for ventilation. We use only new food packages. The microclimate, which is created in the package, is important for fast and friendly germination.

Shoots appeared further

The crumpled plants appear new needs that were not in the "underground" state: light, carbon dioxide, mineral nutrition, living space. Old, although in a somewhat modified form are preserved. Thus, heat is necessary, but the optimal temperature for the growth of seedlings is lower than the temperature of germination, as well as the need for the daily oscillations. The light is its intensity and duration - this is the main factor that determines the life of seedlings. Little rabid is in dire need of an influx of organic matter, which they must prepare themselves with the help of photosynthesis. When there are not enough light, photosynthesis goes at a low level and is formed so little organic matter that most of it is burned during night respiration. To keep this process, knowing that the breathing is enhanced by increasing the temperature, we try to lower the temperature at night. It is as important as the high temperature in bright light. The reduced night temperature contributes to the enhanced root growth and gives a native seedlings.

Especially for plant lighting created fluorescent lamps. These are the so-called phytolamba. They give underlined radiation in the blue and red-orange region of the spectrum, well-coordinated with the needs of photosynthesis and other directed by the light of the growth and development of plants. Adverse for shoots too dry air in apartments. The evaporation of moisture from the surface of the leaves and the amount of water, pumped through the plant, becomes so strong that the weakly developed roots of the seedlings do not cope with the provision of plants moisture. Even with sufficient humidity of the soil in plants, water stress arises and photosynthesis oppression occurs. Optimal air humidity for pepper seedlings is 60-70% (against our usual 20-30%). If seed Pepper They cannot lose the seed peel and open, and at the same time the peel is dry and firm - it is just a sign of too dry air. Spray seedlings! Better alternately solutions HB-101, Epina Extra, Zircon - 1 drop per 1 liter. When the seminine peel sofas, the strong shoots themselves will lose it, you can carefully pull the soft peel tweezers.

We begin to feed right away

In the period from the disclosure of the cotyledon, before the first real sheet, the seedlings in its nutrition most needed phosphorus and nitrogen. It is necessary for the formation of a powerful root system and to bookmark the genetic plant of the plant (phosphorus is included in chromosomes nucleic acids). If at this moment there are no sufficient elements, the viability of the plant drops sharply, and this is no longer corrected later. Often at this stage of the development of the plant just observed the deficiency of phosphorus - purple-red staining of stems and leaves. During this period, pepper seedlings need a handy solution with a solution, as part of which phosphorus and nitrogen prevail, for example N: P2O5: KGO - 13:40:13. This composition has "crystal yellow" and "Aquarin No. 13". You can prepare your mixture with the same NPK ratio: for this it is necessary to mix 8 g of ammophos (NH4H2PO4) of the A (12-50-0) and 2.8 g of potassium nitrate (kyoz). The concentration of the irrigation solution for seedlings is very weak - 0.5 g / l (1 / zh.l. Called water). For a more effective absorption of mineral feeding, we prepare them in 0.005-percent solution of humate - we obtain nutrient organo-mineral mixtures. The best way of helpful watering for seedlings-nutrient sprinkling. At the same time, plants actively absorb nutrient solutions not only roots, but leaves, leaves even faster. Such a double breeding method is a secret of good growth and development.

After 1-2 weeks, it is necessary to feed the calcium nitrate with a solution of calcium nitrate - 0.5-1 g / l, also prepared by a 0.005 percent solution of humate. Calcium feeding of pepper seedlings - prevention of vertex rotting fruits and various fading. In further subforts, the periodicity of 1-2 weeks before the end of the repellent period is desirable to consider the preferences of pepper in its diet (agrobalans) -N: RGOB: KGO \u003d 32:19: 49. For this purpose, the "soluble" of the brand A or "Kemira Combi" is well suited. They can be combined with calcium nitrate in a 1: 1 ratio. The total concentration of the irrigation solution should be 1 g / l. The solutions are also prepare for 0.005 percent solution of humate.

Water for watering pepper seedlings and all nutrient solutions should be warm - + 25 ... + 30 ° C.

Disease should not be

Beach any seedlings - Black leg. In the seedlings of peppers It appears at low temperature and high soil humidity. For the prevention of mushroom and bacterial diseases, root rot, I advise 1 -2 fold or pour the seedlings of peppers with microbiological preparations: "Phytosporin-M" (a solution of color sleeping tea), an uh preparation (1 ml of N2 L of water).

Turning has its subtleties

Perepper seedlings transshipment In large containers from 0.5-0.7 l, it is necessary to do when the roots occupied the entire volume of pots. When the 2-3rd real sheet appears, remove the earthen com from one pot and check the roots. If they are darker, it means that they have nowhere to grow.

For pepper, transshipment with gluke up to semi-sidel leaves is of great importance, since when the seedlings are placed in a greenhouse, it will not be plugged (the bulking is moving out the preparation of the first harvest and reduces its total amount). Therefore, additional roots in peppers can only be formed as a result of the transshipment of seedlings.

Light is still important

Good lighting remains the most important condition. obtaining high-quality seedlingswhich will give a good harvest. In bright (better than sunny) light in stage 3-4 of real leaves, pepper begins laying of floral kidney. With low illumination, leaves are laid, and it may continue indefinitely until the illumination rises to the level in which the bookmark of the reproductive organs becomes possible.

Ideal seedling - what is she?

By the time the landing in the ground good pepper seedlings Must have 10-12 leaves (on skeletal shoots of 2-4 sheets), the height of the stem is 20-25 cm. The pattern for seedlings is this: the more leaves on the main stem to the transplant to a permanent place, the greater the future harvest from the plant. The dates of planting pepper to a permanent place are determined by the degree of soil warming. Sit after the warming of the soil to +18 ° C. In greenhouses for warm beds with biophewsm -1-10 May; In film greenhouses and greenhouses - May 10-25; In the open ground, when the threat of later-spring frosts passes, - after June 1st.