Cherry on the garden plot, the peculiarities of cultivation and care. How to care for the cherries in the garden: the main methods of protection

Cherry in the garden , along with the drain and apple tree, it was always the most sought-after berry culture. The plant attracts the attention of gardeners aesthetic type of inflorescence, its fruits are widely used in cooking and the tree is a honey. In addition, the cherry is quite unpretentious culture, which is successfully growing in any natural and climatic conditions. And on the yield and quality of berries there is no equal to the plant.

Content

Important aspects of landing cherry

Abundant fruiting is the result of careful care, regardless of the cherry variety. However, sometimes even the most scrupulous and regular concern for the tree will not help achieve a high yield. The main reason in this case is a series of errors that gardener allowed during planting plants. Consider the main subtleties that should be observed when disembarking Cherry:

It is desirable to select those culture varieties that are optimally suitable for cultivation in a particular climatic region and are distinguished by high frost resistance, yields, resistance to pests. At the same time, it is possible to navigate the varieties of pollinators, if you initially plant a self-visible cherry. The lack of a pollinator's cherry near the garden is one of the most frequent reasons why berries are not tied.
Before buying seedlings, be sure to conduct a thorough inspection. Landing Cherry will bring the greatest performance only if the seedlings are high-quality, healthy and developed roots. Also worth carefully transporting the purchase to avoid its damage.
The easiest sapling seedlings are cherry in the event that the landing occurred in mid-April. It is also permissible to plant plants in October, however, so that there remained at least 4 weeks before frosts.
Cherry loves a sampling or loamy soil, with neutral acidity and a good indicator of fertility. If your garden territory does not have such conditions, take appropriate measures, otherwise, the tree will often root. In this case, we should not expect a good harvest.
Take a sunny corner of the garden for cherry, preferably on the elevated relief. Do not land a tree near the forest belt, in the depressions or nearby high fences. It is also necessary to provide that moment so that in the winter period the base of the cherry was covered with snow no more than 1 meter.

Cherry Care During the Season

Young cherry, photographer often decorates horticultural editions, needs to be careed from the very moment of planting. In order to ensure reliable protection, such features of the culture content should be taken into account:

Throughout the season, it is necessary to mulch the soil in the circumference of the planted village. To this end, gardeners use compost or sawdust. Such an event will protect the ground from the evaporation of moisture, covering the earth with the crust and lack of oxygen in the root system.
If the soil fell abruptly when planting a cherry, then the seedlock is not necessary for the first 2 years. The young trees will need periodic loosening of soil, watering and elimination of weeds.
At the end of September, it is necessary to drain the soil in the circumference of the tree. Near the stem itself, the depth should be not more than 10 cm, and in the rolling circle - up to 20 cm.

Falker Cherry

If you wish to get a rich crop, the cultivation of the cherry will require regular soil fertilizer. For this, gardeners apply the following actions:

Once every 2 years, organic fertilizers must be added with autumn dumping. This uses compost, peat or pumping manure.
Early spring will need to be made directly under the tree ammonium nitrate or urea. The norm of nitrogen substances is 50-70.
During the season of vegetation, there should be two more feeders with nitrogen or complex fertilizers, with a high content of trace elements. The first nutrition is performed immediately after the cherry flowering, and the second - in 15 days.
Also, the berry culture fertilize phosphate substances with the norm of 180-200 g, or the potassium in solid form, the rate of which is 70-80.

Care for fruiting cherry

From the moment of the entry of the cherry in fruiting, behind the tree it is necessary to make some other care. Consider the main subtleties of the tree content in this stage:

cherry care during the appearance of shoots, flowering and fruit formation consists in abundant irrigation, if there is arid weather;
if the spring period is too rainy, for effective pollination it is necessary to spray a tree with boiled water with the addition of honey;
at the end of the dry of September, waterproofing irrigation is produced - 10 buckets of water are poured under the tree, and if the autumn was wet, it is enough to feed the tree with phosphorus-potash mixtures;
also once every 5 years, it is necessary to fertilize the soil with a lime solution so that the raws are not faltered due to high acidity;
once in the age of 6, it is desirable to cut the crown of the tree to prevent its thickening and reducing yield;
during the growing season, it is necessary to carefully follow the condition of the trees so that pests do not multiply and you could fight the disease in a timely manner.

Caring for the cherry garden at the end of the summer is to collect harsh berries and spraying trees with special substances that are fighting with such diseases as a cockel or a holey spotty.

In the autumn period, it is necessary to remove the foliage to prevent the reproduction of mushroom diseases. The trunk of a tree must be blocked because it provides protection against thermal burns. Then the stack is tied with a sweetheart, creating a barrier from rodents.

To prevent the rollers of branches in winter, wet snow should be removed from them. It is also useful to pour a tree trunk with a dense layer of snow by sprinkling sawdust. This will allow the flowering of 7-8 days, reducing the risk of frost colors.

Elimination of pests

The main parasites who can spoil the harvest of the cherries are the following representatives:

The kidney slightlers is a pinkish or gray shade polyphag, which eats stamens and pestles on flowers, and also damages the buds of the cherry tree.
Escape mole is a miniature brown butterfly. Her larvae lick the kidney of the tree, as a result of which they dry. The caterpillars are then moved to flowers and fresh marking, destroying the entire harvest.
Cherry weevil (elephant) - large-size insect having greenish-bronze color. The pest eats fresh buds, flowers and cherries. It represents a special danger with large-scale reproduction, because it can completely destroy the harvest.

If such parasites are seen in the garden plot, it is necessary to make an immediate spraying with such insecticidal preparations as Zolan, Fufanon, Karate. You can also disinfect the following substances:

3-4% nitrafen;
3% burglar liquid;
0.4% downtown;
0.75% carbofos;
4% urea.

Forming trimming tree

To ensure high fertilization rates, it is necessary to carry out regular molding cherry trimming. This event occurs in the following order:

Early spring begin molding the crown of a tree, cutting a one-year-old seedling at 70-80 cm in height. So the first level of the main branches is formed. These branches are needed to burn out, which grows not from adjacent kidneys, and range from each other at a distance of 12-15 cm.
The next year, a central conductor from the highest first-level branch is 65-80 cm. So the second tier is laid, where there are 3 branches, distributing them in a uniform circle.
After the crown formation is completed, the height of the tree is limited to 2 - 2.5 meters. Trees, prone to thickening, in the first 2 years should not be shortened as sharpness.

Important! To prevent the crown thickened, with molding trim, all unnecessary branches are cut into the ring. Along with this, strong main branches are laid. Cherry's bush varieties require up to 15 such shoots, and tree-like - up to 10. In the future, it is necessary to carry out a light rejuvenating tree haircut when the first signs of growth slowdown.

Fighting disease

The cherry garden may be exposed not only to the impact of pests, but also dangerous diseases. When buying seedlings in the description of the cherry, the degree of stability of the variety to infection is usually indicated. However, with negligent care, any tree may be damaged. Among the most common infesses, you can allocate such:

moniliosis;
cockclock.

Moniliosis infection

The malicious form of the disease, which extends to the summer and spring period. Also has the name of monilial burn. The first signs of damage are manifested at the time of the cherry blossoms: separate branches on the tree dries, acquire brown color and completely dry flowers. In summer, the disease is manifested in the form of gray rotted on berries. The monyliosis for plants is particularly dangerous, where inflorescences are located on thick main branches, since in this case the frame branches of the tree are dying.

The fight is as follows:

After flowering, it is necessary to destroy branches affected by moniliosis, while cutting 15-20 cm of healthy tissue.
Then the disinfection of sections is carried out with a 1%-solvent of copper coat.
At the end, a garden putty is applied.

Cockclocking damage

This disease refers to the category of mushrooms. The causative agent winters on fallen leaves and massively infects the tree during flowering period. The external manifestations of kokkomicosis look like the appearance of brown specks on the leaves, the occurrence of the berries of the depressed brown spots, and to the taste of spoiled fruits become watery and fresh. With a strong lesion, the cherry does not give a full-fledged harvest for 3 years.

The struggle methods are as follows:

It is paramount to eliminate the focus of infection - to collect and burn all the fallen foliage near the tree, and in the spring there is a soil.
The first spraying occurs during the dissolution of the kidneys, which uses a 3% burglar liquid or 1% azophos solution.
After 14 days, processing is repeated. To do this, you can apply 1% Topxin-M solution, speed or 0.4% composure of copper.
The third spraying occurs after harvesting, for which you will need 1% burglar liquid.