It is not a secret that many dacms and gardeners adore grapes. Objectives can be completely different, and in some cases vineyards are an excellent way of earning, especially if such products are very much, and it is distinguished by high quality. Sometimes the owners grow a little grapes to enjoy the unique flavor of the berries, possibly using to create a wine drink.
Of course, in most cases, a beautiful thick vineyard is intended to perform a decorative function. The born grape bush is able to give attractiveness even abandoned plot, and experienced owners who wish to transform their summer territory are perfectly known.
It should be borne in mind that the cancellation of the decision to private property will be the cultivation of the vineyard on the basis of the gazebo. Just a couple of years it will be possible to enjoy a unique and at the same time, the natural composition, which resembles a fabulous corner from some well-known story.
Thus, we can conclude that on the basis of grapes to easily implement many venture, not only related to the cultivation of delicious and healthy fruits, but also designs, to create that do not need to exert too much effort.
In this article we consider the basic details related to growing and maintaining a state of grapes Augustin. Moreover, consider the most common issues associated with the process of cultivation of grapes, as well as the breeding and care.
The main features of the grape varieties Augustine
Immediately it should be noted that Augustine - is the table grape. Its main feature is considered to be the fact that it is different enough high resistance to low temperatures. Moreover, the variety resists well various diseases that often affect vineyards and other crops.
The maturation of the grapes takes place around the middle of August. In many ways, clusters of berries reminds least known variety called Pleven. Often ripe grapes weight of about 500 g One berry has a size of about 2,7h1,8 cm, weighs about 5 g on the sun grape easily translucent.
Many owners opt for this variety for the reason that it is unpretentious. That is, care for the vineyard of the varieties can be extremely modest, and at the same time bring much damage it should not. Moreover, Augustine variety is quite presentable, so the grapes are actively sold. Transportation does not create any problems for fruit.
The fact that different bushes vigorous, allows the use of the variety in the so-called bowline culture.
An important requirement, which emphasize many experts, this is a sufficient supply of water shrubs. In the event that at a particular location on a regular basis are the rains, the grapes can develop fully and without human intervention.
If we talk about grapes in general, then it relates more to cultures that love a warm climate, but practice shows that shrubs easily adapt even enough severe climatic conditions. The most important thing in this situation is to pay a little time to care for grapes so that in case of problems immediately respond and secure the plant from possible consequences.
If you speak directly about the grapes of Augustine grapes, then in terms of growing, care, landing and reproduction, it differs little from most other varieties, so we consider the most common scenarios related to vineyards, often found in the territory of the CIS countries.
The specificity of the cultivation of Augustine grapes in the country or in the garden
Despite the fact that most of the vineyards that we meet in the gardens and dachas are rarely amenable to at least a small care, a little attention to them still should be given. This allows not only to get a lot of delicious fruits, but also enjoy the overall beauty of the scrubbing shrub. Specialists who are engaged in growing vineyards for a long time, noted that these plants are grateful to those care, which they get from the owners. Of course, they exaggerate a little, but there is something really important in these words.
Soil selection for grapes Augustine
It is known that almost all vineyards, including the variety called Augustine, is not particularly whims for soil. Moreover, most varieties are increasingly growing on sandy and limestone soils. However, more favorable conditions still make sense. For example, if we have clay soil, it is necessary to provide sufficient drainage. If we are talking about peat soils, it makes sense to add some sand. As for the most sandy soils, which are often considered unpromising to grow some kind of large vegetation, in this case it makes sense to add some volume of manure or compost to obtain a fertile base in moderation.
The so-called "acidic" soils are advisable to deoxide with a small volume of lime.
In addition, it belongs to the soil, it is necessary to note the unacceptable conditions, which relate to the stamp of groundwater in the zone of the root system of the vineyard. This situation should be known in advance so that problems with the cultivation of the vineyard have not begun from the very beginning.
Watering Augustin grapes
Like many other plant cultures, grapes loves water, however, it should be in moderation. Accordingly, if you make too frequent watering, it may not be better reflected in the state of the root system of grapes.
Often the hosts are equipped with a whole drainage system, the essence of which lies in the water supply through pipes directly to the roots of grapes. A completely mature grape bush practically does not need watering, especially if this culture is necessary only for the decorative effect.
Selection of places for landing
Most often landing grapes occurs in the southern parts of the territory. In the event that the landing occurs in other places on the site, attention should be paid to the need to shut down seedlings by about 50 cm in the ground. In this case, the plant will not suffer from freezing, which often happens if the roots are high enough.
Experts focus on the fact that it is for the state of the root to be especially attentive, and in the case of a choice of place for landing, there is a risk to face not the most favorable processes. If the landing occurs on the plot where a rather warm climate is not enough, nothing to worry about and should not be completely.
Access to light
Again, the vineyards adore sunlight, however, and in the case when there are some limitations, the plant feels great. We are talking about a half, which grows most vineyards. It is also interesting that the varieties of grapes that have dark berries are more like heat and sunlight than the others.
It is also worth paying attention to the fact that he knows for grapes is not the most suitable conditions, since with such a situation, the growth of the bush slows down. In this case, even the active watering of grapes will not help.
Landing grapes Augustine
First of all, it should be noted that it is advisable to use seedlings for planting grapes. In this case, we get a fairly high likelihood that the plant is captured, and for long years it will delight us with its fruits.
- First you need to dig pits for seedlings. They should have dimensions of approximately 80x80x80 cm. In the centers of the holes, it is necessary to fix the pegs, and the bottom of the recesses must be filled with rubble about 10 cm. This will provide drainage. After that, the pit is filled with a 10-centimeter layer of land, then happens active watering water.
- After that, each pit must be filled with three buckets of manure. From above, it is advisable to make a sprinkling superphosphate (about 300 g). You should add a little potash salt, as well as throw some ash. Next, there is an active watering of pits.
- Directly to the peg that we spoke at the very beginning, the seedling is tied. Now the main task is to carefully straighten all the roots and pour the land in such a way that the place of increasing shoots was at the ground level. During the touch of seedlings, it is necessary to slightly compact the soil with your hands. In a circle, which is formed around the seedling trunk, you need to plug a bit of peat. If we are talking about hot areas, then there should be a large hyphenation to prevent drying.
- At the very end, it is necessary to create a kind of support for grape vines. The essence of the question is that without reliable support, grapes will not be able to gain the most optimal and acceptable form. Thus, it makes sense to draw attention to the existence of a huge amount of supports that can be used to grow grapes. On the Internet there are a number of structures suitable for such needs. Of course, the easiest andatic option is the use of a couple of pegs and stretching the wire between them. Gradually developing, grapes will decide the wire and form its shape. In this case, it is also important to draw attention to the fact that after the growing, it is already extremely difficult to change the positions of the branches, so you should create a large and massive design in advance. It may be a gazebo, which, for example, will be covered for the car during your stay in the country area.
The specificity of the breeding of grapes Augustine
To begin with, it is necessary to keep in mind that grapes are multiplied using seeds and a vegetative way (when using the "living" parts of the vine). It is worth emphasizing that the method of reproduction using seeds is not very often used, since its efficiency is quite low. At the same time it makes sense to draw attention to the method of breeding grapes with the help of cuttings. Experts focus on the fact that with such a scenario, the likelihood of successful development of plant culture is high, even if existing conditions are far from the most ideal.
Reproduction of cuttings
If we are talking about cuttings, they are obtained from cropped shoots, which can be removed in the autumn period. It is advisable to make a choice in favor of a reliable escape - a well-ridden middle or lower part of escape. The thickness of the cutter should be approximately 8-10 mm, and its length can reach 70 cm.
The most important point is the preservation of cuttings until the spring period. It is worth paying attention to the fact that storage should be carried out in a dark and cold place, pre-dipping the stalks for 2-3 seconds in a 5% solution of copper sulfate. The best basement or cellar is suitable for storage, where enough high temperature never happens. You can also keep storage in the refrigerator, and it is best to pre-put a stalk into a plastic bag.
It is worth paying attention to the fact that after the winter period, some cuttings become unsuitable for planting, and they need to get rid of them. In about March, suitable for further landing of the cutlets must be planted into water or sawdust. Already in May, it is possible to produce a full fit, which is accompanied by digging the deepening and the use of fertilizer.
Reproduction of removal
If we talk about reproduction with removals, then it is also a common phenomenon that is accompanied by the growth of grapes, while using one large removal (you can use several).
Thus, in the lower part of the vineyard, you need to choose the most rummaged removal, which is descended in a pre-prepared groove. Next recesses are drawn.
After that, it is necessary to carry out abundant irrigation, and on top of the sprinkle with peat or sawdust.
It should be noted that the above events are often carried out in the autumn period. In the event that the winter period was successful for vegetation, then at the beginning of the spring it will be possible to detect new vines, which will take their starts right from the soil.
About 2-3 years after this method of reproduction, it is possible to remove taps from the uterine plant. Accordingly, then we get full-fledged vegetation that has a root system. Further, each individual vineyard can fully grow and delight the owners with its fruits.
The process of care for the vineyard
Despite the fact that often the vineyards can actively show growth and without additional assistance of people, often care brings only a positive effect.
It is worth paying attention to the fact that the most important question associated with the care of the vineyard is to trim the shoots.
- Thus, after the side shoots grow up to about 10 cm, it is necessary to remove shoots, leaving about 4 pieces on a sapling, and about 2 on the cutting tree.
- The ground under the bush must be regularly loosen, and should also get rid of weeds that appear almost at any local locations. If weeds grow strongly, this is reflected in the number of fruits, as well as on the total state of the vineyard.
- The fertilizer of the vineyard is also an important question, and it is important to keep in mind that this process takes about 3 times a year. It is best to use mineral fertilizers. If we are talking about cutlengths of grapes, then fertilize follows somewhat more often.
- Returning to the question of the trimming of grapes, it is worth noting the fact that weak shoots need to get rid of any time. For many owners, the development of the vineyard on the sides is important, and the plant itself stretches up. In order to realize the idea with the growth of grapes to the parties, it is necessary to comprise the tip a week before the start of flowering. Often on grapes appear leaves that blocked the plant by the plant. These leaves should be removed, however, it is important not to reset the stick. Experts recommend to remove no more than 5 leaves from each cluster.
- In the autumn period, it should be seriously related to the state of the vineyard. It should be borne in mind that the vine grows so richly that it is in the fall that it is simply necessary to carry out to break. With the help of the secateurs, young steaskers are removed, which have not had time to wait. For the winter it is necessary to mulch the grapes in peat or sawdust - the approximate height is about 6 cm. The vine is desirable to be brcated to the ground and stroke by branches for the winter period. As we have already spoken, Augustine grapes are distinguished by the excellent resistance to low temperatures, but the above events will not still be superfluous.
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