Salvia: landing and care

Salvia in our latitudes are more famous called Sage. The varieties of this plant exist quite a lot, but each of them has unique properties. Ancient people called Salvia with a flower extending life and giving knowledge, and today the sage can become an excellent decoration of any garden, even if this garden is broken on the windowsill of the city apartment.

Plant characteristics

Salvia is a perennial plant, and this name combines many families and species growing in all regions with a moderate and subtropical climate, with the exception of Australia. She received her name from the Latin word "Salvus", which in the literal translation means "be healthy". True, many of the famous species of Salvia with antiquity are actively used in folk medicine and shamanism.

By the way about shamanisama. There is one grade of Salvia, which was used (and in some countries still use) shamans for entering the state of trance and obtaining visions. Salvia Divinarum is prohibited for growing in many countries, including Russia, since it is capable of visiting visual and auditory hallucinations. In this article we will talk about growing Salvia for therapeutic and decorative purposes.

It is useful to know: drug varieties of this plant are called sage, and decorative - salvia.

Salvia on the versatility of the use and efficacy of treatment can be compared unless with Aloe - this plant is able to deliver from many diseases. For example, the decoction of Salvia allows you to quickly and painlessly eliminate the first signs of flux, relieve pain and development of the disease. In total there are more than 900 species of the plant, but each of them prefers light sunny sections, so you can select an unetected place for landing.

Salvia is a rhizable perennial plant, but in spite of this in Russia it is very often grown as a single or two-year-older. It can easily be overwhelmed under a thick layer of snow in the garden, but in a minor winter will penetrate. As for planting Salvia at home, here you can not worry about this issue. The plant has a reprehension either ascending stems for four faces, the maximum height of which is 120 cm. Green peristracted or whole leaves have a whispering shade on the back side. During the flowering period at the tips of the stems, there are copoloidal or pittered (depending on the variety) of inflorescences up to 20 cm long. Bracts are painted in bright colors, for which the decorative plants decorative qualities are valued. 25-30 days after the start of flowering, seeds ripen in the form of 4 nuts, after which they can be collected and stored in a dark dry place up to 5 years.

Salvia varieties

Depending on the agrotechnical characteristics and biological features, three groups of Salvia varieties can be distinguished: American subtropical, Mediterranean and frost-resistant species.

Subtropical varieties in the middle strip are grown as annuals, as they are not able to survive the local winter:

1. Sparkling (shiny) - a plant that achieves 60-80 cm with lush green foliage dark green outside and light from the back. It has large flowers, collected in brushes 2-6 pcs., Self-detention facility can reach 25 cm. In most cases, the whine and a cup have a bright red shade, but are also visible purple, white and pinkish. The flowering period lasts from the first numbers of June to September. White features less dense inflorescences, as well as a cream cup. At the pink Salvia, the inflorescences are shorter than the red, and a cup with a velvety whitewash have a smooth pink tone. However, the purple brilliant Salvia is valued. Since it is very spectacular and catchy. The most popular varieties can be attributed to the fiery star, red arrows, sugar and salvador.
   
2. Bright red - bush tall up to 70 cm. Egg-shaped leaves, sweets with smallcopilic edges. On the back of a short cannon. Inflorescences are loose and can reach 30 cm long. Consist of large red flowers with long tubes. Spectacular flowering lasts from early July to the most frost. Of the most famous varieties, it is possible to highlight Sherry Blossom up to 40 cm high with pink buds and lady in red - with brightly aluminum.
   
3. Puffy Salvia is an unpretentious plant with a height of up to 90 cm, developing in the form of a pyramidal bush. It has oblong leaves with a fly, located only on the veils. Inflorescences compared to the rest of the varieties are small - up to 20 cm long. They are made up flowers up to 2 cm in an amount of from 5 to 25 pcs. This type is appreciated for beautiful and long blossoms - dark blue and white whites make out of the beginning of August to late autumn. The most famous varieties: Anshuld with whitish flowers, strata - small bushes, covered with azure boots, and Victoria, richly blooming with dark blue.
   

The Mediterranean types of Salvia are more resistant to local frosts, but only under the condition of snowy winter or preliminary insulation. They are less species compared to tropical representatives and better tolerate drought and insufficient soil fertilizer, "love" various mineral feeding.

The group of Mediterranean varieties of Salvia belongs to:

1. Pestruy Salvia (Viridis) - this species has only one decorative variety - Salvia Horminum - and all the rest of therapeutic. Pretty Salvia reaches 60 cm in height, has a lot of branching stalks with a thick foliage covered with a fly. The inflorescence of a simple type from 18 to 30 cm long. Bracts are characterized by spectacular pink or purple color. The most famous varieties: a polar bear with pink and purple flowers, Pink Sandy - with pink and Oxford Blue - with bluish violet.
   
2. Switching Salvia - a compact plant with a maximum of 40 cm high with leaves of an unusual form. A distinctive feature of flowers - purple whites. The variety of purple rain with purple cups is especially popular.
3. Dandellese Salvia is a grassy variety of Salvia with a root rosette. The peculiarity of the plant is that all of its parts exude a pleasant fragrance. The leaves with the saw edges of the grains-disseated naked top and with the bulk on the back. Inflorescences up to 28 cm long. Flowers with pinkish wrenches and characteristic emerald yawns with purple clips.
4. Salvia Yurisich - also belongs to the Mediterranean Group, but it does not represent any interest from a decorative point of view.

Frost-resistant varieties of Salvia are mainly growing in moderately warm climates, but the Ethiopian Salvia can also be attributed to this group. These plants are distinguished by abundant flowering, starting only from the second year after disembarking into open ground. They are well suited for cultivation in the Russian climate.

Types of frost-resistant Salvia:

1. Dubravny (Forest) - a bush tall up to 60 cm. Puffed lower sheets have large dimensions than the top. Inflorescences and several pairs of side branches are clusters of 2-6 small flowers with purple wrenches. The large purple bracts are characteristic of this species make gaze from mid-June to September. From the most sought-after varieties, it is possible to highlight the mines with blue-violet flowers, plumose - with dark lavender, amethyst - with pinkish-purple.
   
2. Adhesive - This type of Salvia has taken place in local latitudes. In height can reach 90 cm, has many pubescent stems, covered with long-term yellowish leaves with sawdords. Inflorescences are loose with light yellow wrenches of flowers. The flowering period lasts from August before the start of frost.
   
3. Lush Salvia - a bush growing up to 60 cm with blue-violet scenery. Popular varieties include miniature Bloom Queen and Rose Quinn with lilac blue and pink flowers, respectively, as well as white Snow Hill.

How to grow Salvia

Growing Salvia from seeds is relevant for single and two-year varieties. Perennials can be multiplied with seeds, and vegetatively stalling or dividing bushes. As for the seed method, it can be grown with or without seedlings. In the second case, it is important to know when to sow Salvia. So that it adapts and sprout on time, to make seeds in Earth better in the early spring or before the onset of winter, but this instruction is applicable not to all varieties. For example, sparkling salvia can be multiplied only by a seaside.

Useful information: In horticultural stores you can find seeds and granules. In granules, in addition to the seed, the organic components are contained, which increase the premium and endurance of young plants. It should take into account that the granules germinate slower than ordinary seeds.

Seedling Salvia

If you are going to grow salvia with a seaside way, select time for this from mid-February to the first numbers of March. The soil for planting seeds should be loose and wet temperatures up to 25c. Sprinkle the seeds with a thin layer of the Earth and cover the tray with a food film or a plastic bag to create a greenhouse effect and prevent the rapid evaporation of moisture.

From time to time splash the ground with a slightly warm water from the spray and cover the film again. The first shoots will appear in 2-4 weeks. After the appearance of several real leaves, the film can be removed and play in dive. So that the plants have developed a fairly strong root system, it needs to be done twice. The first dive is carried out when 2-4 real leaves appeared. Plants planted in pots at a distance of 5 cm from each other. At the same time, seedy leaves need to burst into the soil. The second dive can be made in 20-25 days after the first, dissolving salvia by separate pots with a diameter of 10-12 cm.

After the development of 4 and 5 of the present sheet, the sprouts should be discredited to stimulate the body. With the onset of April, it's time to start hardening seedlings, reducing the temperature at night to + 10c.

Landing

As mentioned above, Salvia develops well in light sandy soils, but Ideally, there should be lime and humus. The plant needs to ensure good drainage so that the moisture is not stored in the roots and did not provoke putrefactive processes. It is best to plant it on a well-lit plot free from other plants. All types of Salvia, with the exception of adhesive, can develop only in the sun. Adhesive comfortably feels in a half.

It is possible to plant seedlings in early June, when night freezes will be held. Landing and care for Salvia by and large, no difference from working with other garden plants - it must be watered as the soil drying, periodically pour and loosen the earth so that it is saturated with oxygen. For feeding, universal mineral fertilizers use them as needed (usually 2-4 times in summer). Mandatory Salvia should be filing immediately after landing in open ground and after the appearance of buds, because Flowering takes a lot of strength in the plant. Water Salvia is better in the evening and not too abundantly so that the water is not stood at the roots.

With many years of salvia, the trouble is a bit more than with one and two years old, since it must be cut periodically to form neat bushes. Pruning also contributes to lush tunchers, not allowing the shoots to stretch. When a long-term variety is finally wondering, it is necessary to remove the remaining fading flowers and make a "haircut" session before the winter peace or early spring when the plant has not yet been "woken up." At the same time remove the defeated shoots so to leave only young sections with the kidneys.

Most of the types of Salvia blooms from mid-June before the onset of the first frosts, but some varieties have managed to bother twice for the season. So, if after flowering, you fully caulate Forest Salvia, and then make a mineral fertilizer, at the end of the summer it will bloom again. After the final completion of flowering, crossed and climb the planting a garden compost to create comfortable conditions for wintering. If the Salvia is young, it is recommended to additionally cover it with fallen foliage or pagan.

Salvia diseases and pests

Now you know how to grow Salvia, and it remains only to say a few words about the possible diseases of its diseases and pests. This plant is hurt so rarely that many of their cultivation do not face similar problems. Pests are striking it more often. This is usually a garden till, which, if and appears on the site, it strives everything without disaster, whiteflies or ticks. Also Salvia may suffer from snails and slugs. And if you can handle insecticides with insects, then snails and slugs will have to be caught manually.

Useful advice: Make a trap for snails and slugs, putting on the site of a container with beer or fruit juice - the sweet scent of fermentation as a magnet will attract pests, and they will lose interest in the leaves of plants.

Finally, we suggest to see the interesting video about Salvia:

Salvia: photos of colors