Garden chrysanthemums, landing and care. How to grow garden chrysanthemums

Garden chrysanthemum is a symbol of autumn, decorated with any yard and a homeland. With its motley paints and extraordinary cold, but a bit bitter aroma, this flower creates a rainbow mood from anyone who will look at him. After all, autumn is associated with all with fallen leaves, rains and longing, and here such a wonderful decoration! Ancient Chinese, who managed to withdraw the garden chrysanthet, are considered primary chrysanthemum disclosers. Seeing the received plant, they were stunned by his beauty, so they began to read like the sun. The magnificence of garden chrysanthemums was challenged in their works Chinese playwrights, poets and philosophers, including Confucius, who called it a plant "happiness." On this occasion, the Chinese people folded the legend that anyone who will grown in her garden chrysanthum will be doomed to live a happy and beautiful life. But the Japanese has another no less interesting legend about the origin of garden chrysanthemum. According to her content, the huge dragon flew to the Sun, clung to the claws into it and began to tear off his parts that fell on the ground and turned into bright chrysanthemums. You want to believe in the truthfulness of this beautiful fairy tale, because these flowers turn their place to grow in a paradise, in which you want to stay forever!

Content

Botanical description of garden chrysanthemum with photo

Garden chrysanthemums (from Greek. Chrysos - gold and anthos - flower) are sometimes called otherwise - dendrontime. In such an unusual name, this flower was given the inhabitants of the Far East, which began to cultivate the spider-like species of this plant before our era. Initially, they used the colors of chrysatens as a spice for culinary dishes, for the preparation of therapeutic tinctures, and only then began to grow them to decorate their inadlines. But in Europe, the first chrysanthemums appeared only at the end of the XVIII century, but, despite this, scientists were derived a very large number of varieties of this plant. It is the Europeans who are considered the creators of a bush chrysanthemum.

In the botanic, garden chrysanthemum is characterized as a plant belonging to the "Asters" family. It happens annual and perennial, herbal and, as we have already mentioned, bush. Garden chrysanthemum has a branched, developing parallel surface root system. She has enough simple green leaves, which, depending on the variety of plants, have various forms, for example, the lavetled, served, dissected. The inflorescences of Sadovaya, or Shelkooty, chrysanthemums are collected in a large basket consisting of single-row or multiple-armed tubular flowers having a fruit-seed.

A unique feature of chrysanthemum is a wide color scheme of inflorescences and the possibility of its cultivation all year round. Very organically look chrysanthemums in yellow, orange, red and burgundy. The people there are belief that chrysanthemums of such a color protect the houses of people from evil eyes and envious, and also help to establish a family life. In winter, in spring summer beautifully looks in chrysanthemums in white, pink, blue, purple and even green. If you believe believe in, the colors of this color are able to attract material wealth into the house.

Among the Garden Chrysanthemums you can find large-flowered, terry and simple crops, which differ from each other in height, flowering time, size of colors and type of inflorescences. Specific types of chrysanthemums, mostly biscuit, can reach a height - one and a half meters, they are most often grown for cutting. But there are also such flowers, the stalk of which can grow only 35-40 cm in height. However, those and other varieties of chrysanthemum are equally sustainable before cold climatic conditions. Of course, in winter in the open ground, they will not bloom, but if you create a greenhouse for them to cover the flowers with a greenhouse for them, they will delight the eyes with your beauty even in the snow storms.

Varieties of chrysanthemum

The varieties of chrysanthemum is a huge amount, everything is impossible to list them, especially if we take into account the various types of hybrids of this plant. However, scientists have developed a classification of garden chrysanthemums, which can present the main types of plants. All garden chrysanthemums are divided into two large groups:
The first group is perennial chrysanthemums that have the ability to resume their bloom every year. This group is divided into several subgroups, including:

Large-flowered chrysanthemums, flowers that in diameter reach 10-25 cm, and the height of their stem can vary from 80 to 120 cm. To this kind of garden chrysanthemums include such varieties: Anastasia Green, Lilac, Tom Pierce.
Anastasia Green.

Zembla Lilak.

Tom Pirs.
Mednical chrysanthemums: their flowers in diameter can reach 10-18 cm, and the height of the stem is 30-70 cm. Basically such chrysanthemums grow in the garden, and in indoor pots. These include such varieties: "Champagne splashes", "Golden Fleece", "Pink Chamomile".
Splashes of champagne

The Golden Fleece

Pink chamomile
Small-color chrysanthemum (Korean) - these flowers can be grown in winter. They have a bush form, a lot of simple or terry inflorescences that can be different color. Such chrysanthemums can grow about 4 years in one soil. The diameter of their flowers is - 2-10 cm, and the height of the bushes is 25-120 cm. They start blossoming in September, and brute before the New Year holidays. The varieties of small-ceiling chrysanthemum include: "Etna", "Slavyanochka", as well as Chrysanthemum "Multiflora".
Etna

Slavyanochka

Multiflora

Perennial chrysanthemums have another internal classification of varieties for such characteristics:

In the form of inflorescence:
- Simple - Neakhrovaya (Ben Dickson, Pat Joice), semi-world ("Amazon", "Baltika", "Natasha"), anemonovoid (Vivien, Beautiful Lady, "Andre Rose");
  Baltika
- Terry - bent (Regalia, Tracy Waller), flat ("Swan song", "Valley Ruf"), semi-face-like ("Gazella", "Zlata Prague", "Trorger"), spheroid ("Arctic", "Creiber", " Broadway), Rude ((Pietro, Magdalena, Tokio), Pomponny (Denis, Fairie, Bob), Spideroid ("Spring Dawn on Su-Ty", "Grazi").
  Gazella
In flowering timing:
- Early-Chrysanthemum "Ambrella Yello", "Deliana", "Hands";
- Firmwerving - "Orange", "Anastasia Lil", "Frooggy";
- Late - Avignon, Ryvardie, Larisa.
  Anastasia Lil

The second group of chrysanthemums is annual. They are divided into three subgroups:

Three-color chrysanthemums - for them, the characters are thick branches reaching 70 cm high, large inflorescences - 7 cm in diameter, although they are less than (from 2 cm). In addition, these chrysanthemums are petioles, peristo-separate leaves. The colors of chrysanthemums of this variety can be yellow, dark red. Often are found among tricolor white chrysanthemums. This subgroup includes such varieties: "Flameminstal", "Nordstern", "Cokard".
Flamsmanshthal
Sowing chrysanthemums - can reach a height of 60 cm. In appearance resemble ordinary field chamomiles. These include such varieties: "Helios" and "Stee Orientas".

Helios.
Vernoe chrysanthemums - stalks of these colors can reach 100 m in height, the diameter of inflorescence - 3 cm. To this category, chrysanthemum includes such a variety as Tetra Comet.
Tetra Comet

Reproduction of garden chrysanthemum

Garden chrysanthemums multiply in two ways:

SeedsBut to raise them to make a lot of effort. After all, for example, to collect seeds with chrysanthemums of the early grade, you need to know the period of their growing season, and it is short enough. To collect seeds with late varieties, you must first transfer plants into a greenhouse with good air ventilation and lighting, which you need to warm up well to a temperature in advance to a temperature of 20˚. Only in such conditions to December, the necessary seeds for breeding garden chrysanthemum will be caused. Collecting seeds, you need to comply with the rules of their storage: to provide them with a dry and cool place. Remember that they need to be used for two years, but no more. Seed seeds, as a rule, in sowing boxes in a wet ground in the early spring, not sprinkling their land so that they sprout. A week after sowing, the first shoots should already appear if you did everything right. One important clarification is some kind of hybrid from seeds hardly to grow. To do this, you will need to choose another method of breeding garden chrysanthemum.
Cherenca. This method is more popular because it allows you to save all signs of varieties. Plants grown with cuttings, better tolerate cold and always make eyes in a lush color. How, in fact, there is a reproduction of garden chrysanthemum with cuttings? Cut the cuttings you need 10 cm in warm weather. They must be planted into wet soil, after removing all the leaves. The drawer with landings should be on the street, but in the wind protected from the wind and the rain. To root, cuttings need two weeks, after which they need to be transplanted into a permanent place of growth.

Garden chrysanthemums: landing and care

Landing chrysanthemums requires special knowledge. If you raised chrysanthemums from seeds, then it is necessary to plant it no earlier than in the late spring - early summer or two weeks before the start of frosts. The place where chrysanthemum will be grown should be warm, light, elevated and protected from the wind. It is important to ensure that the moisture is in the soil where Chrysanthemum grows, was not stuffed. The soil for this plant should be selected either sandy or clay. At the same time, it must be constantly fertilized by humus, biohumus, manure and special complex fertilizer, which is sold in horticultural stores. However, it is not necessary to overdo it in this matter, otherwise chrysanthemum does not bloom.

Flower landing better exercise in a cloudy, rainy day in a trench. Wells for chrysanthemum - not the best option for growth and development. It is important to observe the distance between the seedlings. It must be equal to 30-50 cm. As soon as the seedlings are planted, they need to be poured with a special solution of Kornin, which contributes to the rapid development of the root system of plants. Gardeners are also recommended to immediately make chrysanthemum seas and cover them with film or other material. It will be possible to remove the covering material only after you make sure that the plant began and is developing normally.
Caring for Chrysternhemum is a matter of responsible people. After all, immediately after you land it with seedlings, you need to carefully follow the growth and development of seedlings.

We give several basic rules:

As soon as the seedlings are well rooted and start shooting, they will need to cut it periodically. This is especially true of small-bedroom and firmlywritten chrysanthemums, whose side shoots are very weak.
Tall chrysanthemums need to be configured to metal or wooden pegs.
As soon as you find that the soil chrysanthemum is dry, immediately paint the plant at the root, avoiding moisture from entering the leaves.
Each time in front of watering well frighten the soil and remove weeds.
During the growing season, chrysanthemia is needed three times to feed nitrogen fertilizers. When the plant is strengthened, use phosphorus-potash feeding.
Three-year plants need to transplant in new soil. Do it best in spring. At the same time, you can immediately multiply the rugged bush of the plant by dividing it.
Do not allow chrysanthemums with such fungal diseases like a verticillaty fading (when the root is damaged), malievable dew (the leaves are covered with brown spots), rust (leaves and stem are thin and covered with brown spots), gray rot (decay of leaves, stem and roots). You can avoid these problems, spraying plants by burgue liquid. If some plant is sick on your household plot, it needs to be urgently digging and destroy, otherwise other cultures will also be infected.
Danger for chrysanthemums represents a wave, bugs, nematodes, slugs and snails, so plants need to be protected by special means and from these pests.
For the winter chrysanthemum of a certain variety, you can not dig. But some species need to be transplanted into special boxes and transfer them to a wet place, where the air temperature is 2-6 ºC.

conclusions

Chrysanthemums are flowers that are widely used in landscape design for sealing flower beds, creating beautiful autumn bouquets, Ikebane. Many who lead a flower business, autumn raise a good revenue on these plants, because people buy chrysanthemums on all holidays because of their beauty, fragrance and affordable prices. It is not so easy to grow this plants alone, but deciding to do it, you will never regret, because your flower bed will bloom all year round and fiercely.