Fir Siberian, landing and care. Fir Plant Siberian: Description, Landing, Care, Photo

Siberian fir is an excellent version of the evergreen pine tree for landscaping garden sites. The tree can grow both in the shade, so on the illuminated areas, which is the undoubted advantage of this culture. Siberian fir also carries not only decorative value, but also practical. From the juice of needle fir, a valuable extract is obtained, which has a rich chemical composition. In this article we will find out how to plant this tree in your area, it is difficult to care for him.

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Siberian Fir - Description

Fir Sibirskaya (Abies Sibirica) is one of the most common pine trees in Russia. Belongs to the family of fir and the family of pine.
Fir Siberian in natural nature can be found in spruce, cedar, mixed forests. Practically does not occur in deciduous forests.
Siberian fir can reach height from 30 m to 60 meters. More often, there are copies of up to 100 m in height.
A distinctive feature of Siberian fir is the form of its crown, which distinguishes this tree from ate. Krone Fir Colon Feathed, elongated.
Krone Siberian fir in diameter can reach from 0.5 m to 2 m.

Siberian Fir has an average life expectancy in 200 years.
Siberian cylindrical fir trunk. At the base of the tree, the bark has a ribbed surface, and closer to the top - smooth.
The shoots of Siberian fir thin and can go down to the surface of the Earth.
The needles in the fir Siberian smooth and not barbed, excessing a strong pine aroma. Coupling reaches 3 cm long and have 2 white wax stripes on the underside. After about 7-10 years, the needles die and leaves a small scar.
Siberian fir - tree flowering. Approximately in May on shoots appear yellow spikes that are male bodies.
The bumps in the Siberian fir can have a magenta color, a reddish or green shade. As seed ripens, the bump changes its color.
A distinctive feature of the Siberian fir is that the bumps grow up and after ripening their scales together with the seeds sat down, leaving lonely rods on the shoots.
Siberian fir seeds have small wings with which they are easily spread over long distances. The ripening of seeds occurs in the fall - in October or November.
An interesting feature of the structure of the Siberian fir is the dependence of the root system of the root system from the nature of the soil. The land and less nutritious is soil, the root system becomes stronger and stronger. She deepends well, has many horizontal chains, also driving deep into the earth. If the soil, where the Siberian fir is growing is wet, loose and nutritious, then the tree forms the surface root system. This feature can play a keen joke with a tree in too windy weather - the fir can just fall.

Fir Siberian - Photo

Siberian Fish Plant - Application

Application of Siberian Fir in Industry

Wood Fir Siberian is actively used in industry and in construction. It does not have resin moves, which makes it ease. From the fir Siberian birch, bars, masts, piles, piles, musical instruments, barrels, apply in the manufacture of masts and ship decks, boats. Fir Siberian is also a valuable raw material for the production of turpentine.

Application of Siberian Fir in Medicine

Siberian Fir also has also been widely used in medicine. Essential oil is in a special way from the tree, the amount of which depends on the age of the tree. Preparations based on the Fir Siberian can have the following types of impact on the human body:

conjugatory
tonic
bactericidal
analgesic
sedative
reignificant.

Camfora, raw materials for which is Siberian Fir, has a stimulating effect on the respiratory center and to work the cardiovascular system. Also camphor in some cases can contribute to the sputum separation. Fir oil can adjust the operation of the germ, making a hormonal background more harmonious. There are information that fir oil can delay the growth of malignant formations, as well as to have a soothing effect on the nervous system.

Application of Siberian Fir in Folk Medicine

Perhaps the widespread use of Fir Siberian found in folk medicine. Lekari use absolutely all parts of the tree for cooking infusions, decoctions, compresses, etc.

Kidney and shoots Siberian fir are used to prepare healing infusions. These infusions can have an anesthetic effect, anti-inflammatory, diuretic and expectorant.
Siberian fir's needles also serves to prepare info, which are used externally as compresses for rubbing.
Siberian fir oil as part of many recipes of traditional medicine is a powerful antiseptic and an effective means in the treatment of colds, diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract.
People suffering from permanent headaches, traditional medicine offers to use decoction from the bark of the Siberian fir.
Various chains and champs from Siberian fir fir are useful to people suffering from cardiovascular disease.
Siberian fir is also prepared by fir water - an excellent assistant in the fight against gastritis, enterocolitis, cholecystitis, colitis, hemorrhoids. With regular use of such a folk remedy, problems with a chair disappear, hemorrhoidal nodes disappear, the processes of digestion are being established.
Folk Medicine also proposes to use the Siberian Fir to treat the disease of the sexual system of both women and men. There are recipes for the treatment of impotence, prostatitis, cervical erosion.
Siberian fir fir oil perfectly has proven itself in the treatment of various ailments of the musculoskeletal system.
Folk Lekari advise the use of fir oil to combat dental problems. This powerful natural antiseptic is able to facilitate the state during a strong dental pain, during periodontal disease.
Siberian fir bumps also found their use in the recipes of traditional medicine, which are aimed at treating rheumatism, diseases of the legs of the legs.

Application of Siberian fir in optics

Siberian fir serves raw materials for the manufacture of fir balsam. This balm in large quantities is contained in the "grats" - peculiar places of storage of resin and essential oils. These "grats" are pierced for fir balsam mining. It is this balm that serves in order to glue elements in optical systems.

Application of Siberian Fir in Cosmetology

Siberian fir is widely used in cosmetology. It has long been proven to the effectiveness of fir oil in the treatment of various skin problems. Especially recommended to use funds with a fir in the composition of those whose skin is prone to fatty, to the appearance of acne, acne, furunculus. The fir oil contains a large amount of ascorbic acid, which is extremely useful for age-related skin. The fir oil activates the exchange processes in the skin, contributes to the emergence of new cells, enhances the production of collagen. The skin after the use of funds based on the Siberian fir becomes velvety, shining, smooth and well-groomed.

Application of Siberian Fir in Aromatherapy

Cold, fresh and coniferous fragrance of fir etheric oil perfectly combined with bergamot aromas, pine, cypress, lemon cloves, juniper. Essential oil of Siberian fir helps to achieve complete relaxation, get rid of nervousness, forget about problems and stress. Thin fragrance perfectly aligns the emotional background, allows you to achieve harmony with you.

Siberian fir. Useful properties and contraindications

Fir Siberian - Chemical composition

Various parts of the Siberian fir contain essential oil, vitamins C and E, tanning substances.
The needles of Siberian fir contains zinc, barium, strontium, other minerals, phytoncides.
Siberian fir fir oil is rich in biological active additives, polyunsaturated fatty acids, flavonoids, vitamins and mineral elements.

Siberian Fir - Contraindications for use

As well as the use of any vegetable preparations or prescriptions based on medicinal plants, the use of Siberian fir is possible only after consulting a doctor. Use any fir-based recipes is prohibited in the treatment of children, pregnant and lactating women. Also, such drugs should be avoided by persons prone to allergic manifestations, with individual intolerances, a tendency to cramps. Any treatment with folk remedies based on the fir Siberian is undesirable to the acute phase of any disease.

Siberian fir - reviews

Valeria S. "Long chose an evergneal tree for his small plot and stopped the choice on the Fir Siberian. My plot is not distinguished by an excess of sunlight, which has become one of the main factors of this choice. The sapling was perfect and fit into the garden design. "
Ilya A. "I decided to reflect my country site and began with the landing of the Siberian fir. I read about the excellent frost resistance of this species. I do not regret my choice and plan to plant a few more trees next year. The care of them does not represent difficulties, and decorative characteristics are at the highest level. "
Marina K. "Siberian Pihta attracted my attention to its excellent frost-resistant qualities, shadowness and overall high resistance to unfavorable conditions. The land on my site is not distinguished by fertility, but for fir it is not a hindrance. Now I enjoy a magnificent fragrance that the tree surrounds itself. "
Alina R.. "I was always fascinating beautiful and high coniferous trees in the country's dacha. As soon as his site appeared, immediately began to think over the future design. I decided to use Siberian Pirchi in the feast along the fence as a living hedge and did not regret my choice. The needles of the fir are pleasant and smooth to the touch, and the fragrance is simply amazing. "

Siberian Fir - Landing

Stage 1. Choose a place to land the fir Siberian

Landing Siberian fir in distant from the city and highways is already the right choice of place. This tree can lose its decorative qualities in a ridden and dusty place. If you decide to plant a Siberian fir in your site, you are guided by the following recommendations when choosing a landing site:

choose a place to land the Siberian fir according to your goals. You may want to create a live fence from several trees or make a single landing;
siberian fir is a fairly versatile plant. The tree prefers to grow in the shaded areas, but can successfully adapt to the illuminated places;
young trees are better to ensure the darkening if the site is too highlighted;
when choosing a landing site for Siberian fir, it is also necessary to be guided by the composition of the soil on your site. It is from this that will depend on what type the root system will develop. On dry and not too fertile soils, the fir forms a rather powerful root system. On loose and wet soils, the root system of the Siberian fir becomes more superficial. If the ground is like this, the place for planting fir should be well protected from the winds.

Stage 2. Choose the ground for planting the fir Siberian

Fir Siberian equally successfully can be grown both on rich fertility soils and on scant areas. The highest decorative qualities of the tree reaches when landing in the soil, which has the following characteristics:

the soil for planting the Fir Siberian should be moderately wet and sublinous;
siberian fir refers to lime soils;
soils that are rich in humus are also suitable for growing Siberian fir.

Stage 3. Choose time for planting Siberian fir

When determining the time of landing, the Siberian fir should be guided by the age of seedlings. If the seedlings you bought in a container, then they can be planted throughout the spring-autumn period. If a seedling from 5 to 10 years old, then the landing is produced early in spring (during the melting period of snow, in April) or in September (when the Earth still remains warm). For landing, Siberian fir choose a cloudy and rainy day.

Stage 4. Choosing Sabir Sabers Sabir

Fir Siberian seedlings can be bought without problems. This is a rather common decorative plant in Europe and Russia. It is better to give preference to buy seedlings in a nursery or in a specialized store. Watch out the seedling for the identification of shortcomings, signs of diseases, mechanical or other damage. When buying a seedling in the container, pay attention to the soil. It must be moistened and clean.

Stage 5. Select the location of the Siberian fir when landing

The decorativeness of the Fir Siberian gives her crown. It has an elongated colonum shape. To emphasize this feature of the tree, it is worth thinking about the location of seedlings when landing. You can consider the following options:

alley. If the area of \u200b\u200byour site allows you, then the fir alley will look very impressive. Between the plants, observe the distance of 4-5 meters;
chess order. In this case, the trees are planted with squares after 3 meters;
group. With a group landing, you need to withstand between the fir, a distance of 2.5-3.5 meters;
single landing. Siberian fir looks no less effectively and as such as landing. This tree is perfectly combined with birch, Christmas tree, juniper and canned.

Step 6. Preparation of landing pit and planting Siberian fir

To prepare the landing pit follows 7-14 days before the expected landing date. The size of the landing holes will depend on the size of the root system.
Each landing hole should be abundantly pouring water - 2-3 buckets on the pit.
If the soil is too heavy, the surface waters are too close to the surface of the earth, it is necessary to build a good drainage layer at the bottom of each pit. To do this, you can use rubble, broken brick.
Then you need to prepare a nutrient earth mixture, which the pit is filled to half. Mix humid, clay, peat and sand in a 3: 2 ratio: 1: 1 ratio, add 10 kg of sawdust, 200-300 grams of nitroposki. Pine trees love to grow on lime soils, so some gardeners advise 200 grams of lime to soil mixture. A pit filled with this soil up to half must "settle" for 14 days.
Build a small hollyk in the center of the landing pit and install a seedling, gently paint its roots.
Fall off the land seedling, without blocking the root neck. Compact ground.
After landing, young Siberian fir requires mandatory irrigation and protection against scoring sunlight for some time.
The rolling circle around the Siberian fir after irrigation is desirable to climb. Just make sure that the mulch is not fused close to the root neck.

Fir Plant Siberian - Care

Watering Siberian fir

Fir Siberian - drought-resistant type of fir, which does not require artificial irrigation. The tree is enough and natural precipitation. This is the huge advantage of this decorative evergreen tree for growing in the garden plot. Fir Sibirskaya does not like to overwhelm. In order to maintain aesthetic appearance of landing, be sure to remove weeds and periodically loose soil.

Facing fir Siberian

If you correctly prepared a landing hole before boarding the Siberian fir, adhering to all recommendations, then you can recall the tree about 2-3 years. Fir will be quite enough of those nutrients that you laid at the very beginning. The matured tree will respond positively on any complex fertilizer.

Pruning Siberian Fir and Preparation for Winter

Fir Siberian can not trim. Her crown in natural nature looks quite impressive. In the spring, you can delete damaged shoots, form a slight form of the crown. It is necessary to do this before the start of the processes of the depotation, and the pruning procedure to produce with sharp garden scissors. Escapes can be shorted for a third. As for the preparation for Winter, the Siberian Fir does not need this event. This is a very winter-hardy view. It is possible to cover the noodle to young seedlings that were planted in the current year.

We protect against diseases and pests Fir Siberian

Siberian fir is highly resistant to both diseases and various pests. Regularly inspect the trees to start treatment in time if it is required. Avoid landing near the fir of Siberian plants such as Yaskolka and Star. Among pests can be allocated:

eloho-fir hurmes;
fir-chip leaflets;
fish shooting mole.

Siberian fir can get rust. The striking shoots are removed, and the tree is treated with burgundy liquid.

Siberian Fir - Reproduction

Fir reproduction by the Siberian Highlighting Method

Fir Siberian can multiply and independently. Her branches leans to the earth itself and can be rooted. You can prepare cuttings and independently:

it is necessary to start in the workpiece of cuttings in the spring, when the processes of the Sokotivation have not yet begun;
the optimal length of the cutting - 5-7 cm. Choose only young shoots. The cutting should be with a "heel" and with one kidney on the top;
experienced gardeners advise not to use a knife or scissors for the billet of cuttings from the Siberian fir. It is better to simply tear it off with a sharp movement to preserve a small area of \u200b\u200bthe bark;
prepared cuttings need to be placed in a solution of mangarteance for disinfection;
prepare suitable containers in which the cuttings will be rooted. Fill them with a mixture of humus, sand, leaf land;
after planting a cutting of the Siberian fir, you need to cover the film and create comfortable conditions for successful rooting. The room temperature should be slightly above room, you can put on the windowsill near the batteries. Cuttings should receive enough light, but also not be under the right sunlight;
the process of growing Siberian fir is very long. The rooting occurs usually for the second year. All this time, the fir in the container is regularly ventilated, watered, periodically endure out.

Fir reproduction by the Siberian seed method

The seed method for reproduction of Siberian fir is used very rarely. Plants grown in this way will not repeat the characteristics of the parent plant.

Where to get seeds of Siberian fir? You can buy them in the store or try to collect yourself. The complexity of the collection of seeds of the Fir Siberian is that the bumps grow very high. It is also important not to miss the moment of ripening the cones, as the ripe seeds are instantly scattered. You need to get a non-seen bump, dry it and extract seeds from it.
Next, fir seeds must undergo stratification. To do this, place them in the refrigerator or in any cool room with high humidity, where they will lay until sowing.
In April, you can start landing seeds Siberian fir into open ground. Prepare a plot for landing, shry it, get rid of weeds, add some sand.
Seeds sow about 2 cm deep, fall asleep with soil.
Watering planted seeds no need. But it is necessary to cover the planting with a film. So you will prevent the appearance of the peel on the surface of the soil, which will prevent the seed germination.
The first seed seeds of Siberian fir will give in about 21-28 days. They should be water, follow the lack of weeds. It is necessary to loosen the earth as careful as possible not to damage the weak root system.
Prepare to the fact that the rapid growth of Siberian fir from the seed will not be. After 4 years, young trees have achieved height of only 30-40 cm. But then the growth rate of the Fir Siberian will begin to accelerate.

Siberian Fir will become a real decoration of your country area. The tree is very unpretentious, grows almost in any conditions. In addition, the fir contains a whole storehouse of nutrients, vitamins and minerals.