Most inhabitants of our homeland do not really trust the quality of overseas vegetables and fruits with additives of various chemistry, even despite their mounted appearance, not everyone risks feed "this." Many prefer to grow fruits and vegetables on their sites. Beginner gardeners can scare diseases and pests of trees that hit them every year. Do not despair! This can be dealt with, the main thing is to use chemical, agrotechnical, mechanical and biological techniques for the destruction of pests and diseases. Spring processing is very important to protect trees from pests. It must be carried out in the period from the moment of wakeing until the tie of fruits and flowering.
Pests of trees. Photo
Treatment of trees in spring from pests and diseases. Why do you need chemistry?
Chemicals are very effective, and often treatment of fruit trees from pests by pesticians is the only way to get delicious and healthy fruits, but in order to take advantage of this way, it is necessary to have certain skills and knowledge, because each drug affects some particular malicious organism. Just affecting the pest in the most vulnerable period of its development (and usually it is precisely spring), you can achieve a good result for the minimum amount of spraying.
Depending on which organisms chemicals are applied, they are divided into groups:
- Herbicides - destroy weeds.
- Insecticides - act against insects.
- Nematocides - affect nematodes.
- Acaricides are killed by ticks.
- Rodenticides - scare rodents.
- Fungicides are struggling with fungi.
- Antibiotics - affect visors.
- Bactericides - get rid of fruit cultures from bacterial infections.
Treatment of trees in spring from pests and diseases. Features of the development of harmful insects
Most insects in the process of developing gardening and agriculture with pleasure moved with wild-growing cultural plants that they like more. As a result, insects, previously neutral, began to harm and damage to crop.
Even in industrial gardens of modernity, small pests destroy a large proportion of berries and fruits. They are so diverse both by type, and in the lifestyle, that it simply makes no sense to list all this. The most dangerous insects pests of trees can be called: beetles, pins, tort, flies, butterflies and ticks.
In the course of its development, almost all insects pass 4 stages (and in two of them harm the garden and the garden!). Stages:
- Eggs.
- Cateries and larvae are a very dangerous stage. Growth and food is their main task at this stage.
- Doll.
- Adult insects or Imago - like caterpillars, are actively feeding to postpone eggs.
Treatment of trees in spring from pests and diseases. Dates of spraying
Treatment of trees from pests and diseases is usually carried out in spring, in three stages:
- Before the kidneys dissolve.
- Before the start of blooming (if the bloom has already begun, processing is prohibited! Bees may die, and then the harvest may not be at all).
- No later than 5-7 days after flowering.
In some cases, one more treatment is needed from pests of trees and shrubs at the beginning of the summer to destroy the medalers, dar and ticks.
Treatment of trees in spring from pests and diseases. Slug and Snails
Slug and snails can be removed in spring garden treatment. If this is not done, these pests of fruit trees are able to multiply and not only destroy a real harvest, but also to bring a shrub or tree to full death. Against these pests there is only one method - chemical - it is necessary to spray young leaves with a 3% Bordeaux mixture, and the land in the stems sprinkle with granules "slippery" or "thunderstorm" - they serve as bait for pests that are quickly dying after such a "treat". It is necessary to apply the drug every two weeks until the snails with the slugs will not completely disappear. For animals, people are not toxic. If you do not want to use chemistry, you can simply take chalk, mix it with ashes and sprinkle the ground under the crown.
Treatment of trees in spring from pests and diseases. Rodents
Another type of pests of garden trees are rodents (rats, hares, mice). They breed an incredible pace, besides very voracious. Their nutrition is young shoots, the bark of trees, and, of course, fruit. Trees, especially in the frosty winter, can die from damage caused by rodents. With rodents you can fight not only in the spring, but also throughout the year. Trees are recommended to whip in a solution of hazed lime, which is pre-recommended to add "Ratibor" powder. Also, trees trunks can be tied with pine branches or snapshots, hive down. Rodents scared the coniferous smell and spines.
Treatment of trees in spring from pests and diseases. Diseases of fruit crops
The fight against pests of trees is just the first step towards a good crop. Most harm the berry and fruit cultures of the disease, their more than 1000! They are divided into groups:
- Fungal (mold, mycoplasma, rot, flounce dew).
- Infectious diseases (they include suchurance, bacteriosis, spottedness, ulcer cancer and others).
- Viral (necrosis, mazic).
To combat disease and prevention, they need fungicides processing, they are separated by system and contact.
Systemic fungicides penetrate deeply in the tissue of trees. They destroy the pathogens of the disease, providing general therapeutic effects. Choosing a drug for spraying, you need to know the degree of its toxicity and for what time it affects malicious organisms and what period before removing the crop it is impossible.
Contact fungicides affect the processing of shrubs and trees on pests - causative agents of the disease, not penetrating the plant. Thus, they can only be used for prophylaxis. If the pathogen is already penetrating the tissue, these fungicides with the disease simply will not cope.
Treatment of trees from pests in the fall
In horticulture, autumn is a very important period. In addition, during this period, everyone collects a crop, it is necessary to take care of the trees. Start the autumn processing is recommended when the entire harvest is assembled.
Quality, and the number of future harvest depends largely on the autumn treatments of bushes and trees. It is in cold times that plants are especially vulnerable to diseases and parasites. After all, low temperature causes pests to hide in a warm place. Bark, fallen leaves and earth - just the appropriate option. From many pests you can get rid of the grounding of the soil around the plant and trimming branches. The trees, in the cortex of which parasites have already managed to hide, the autumn whitening of trunks can affect just kill.
Before this procedure, it is necessary to clean the trees from lichens and forged the bark so that the pests cannot hide anywhere. It is better to make everything with your hands, without the use of tools. Only trees older than six years can be handled using a metal brush. After that, you need to handle damage to the grinding, and then you can apply a whitewash with insecticides. Using this method, you can destroy eggs and pupa pests. When a tree remains without autumn processing, it becomes a real seedler insects. This may cause the late origin of the vegetative process in spring time.
In the spring, all diseases can show themselves. To get rid of these troubles, in the fall you can spend spraying. If special devices are used when spraying, they need to use them carefully, because not all health preparations are harmless. Some of them may entail serious poisoning. Before starting work, you need to purchase personal protective equipment: Rubber boots raincoat and respirator.
With the right and timely care, shrubs and trees will certainly please you with a rich number of berries and fruits, you should not be afraid of difficulties, everything is genius simply!
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