Bow Chernushka is not some kind of a special grade of Luke, it is seeds from which you can grow a full onion for a year or two, depending on the variety and method of growing. There are various ways to land and growing Chernushki, and in the article we will try to consider them all. You will get acquainted to look around how to sow the bark to grow onion. Sevika biennium grades of onions, how to grow and plant the seedlings of Chernushki onion for growing the annual onion.
Chernushki Luke Seed
Before planting seeds, it is recommended to germinate. For this, the seeds are put in gauze, folded in several layers. In the can with a volume of 0.5 liters poured warm water and add a couple of epined drops there. Lower the gauze with seeds into the solution, and leave there for a day. Then get the bag with seeds, slightly pressed excess water, and placed in a pale pink solution of manganese for the prevention of fungal diseases. Press again and put into a plastic bag, inflate it with air and tie. Such a package with seeds is put in a warm spot. Already after 4-5 days, the seeds will be well refined, and some will even be empty thin stems. Try to plant the shine on time, because if the stems grow too long, they can break down when landing, and the seed will not grow.
Bow Chernushka: landing
In the spring, as soon as the soil warms up to the temperature + 3-4 ° C, it comes time for sowing onion-covers to open ground. Chernushki cultivation requires special attention and care. One of the mandatory conditions is fertile soil.
Preparation of Giberki.
The bedrock is pre-prepared for this, for this, in autumn, with a periccation of ½ bucket per 1 mq. Do not put a manure instead of humoring, since at the initial stage of decomposition of manure allocates many gases into the surrounding soil, unfavorable for plants. In the best case, the plant will receive a chemical burn that will affect its development and yield. At worst - the plant will perish. Fully overwhelmed manure - humus, has a crumbly homogeneous structure of dark brown color. In the finished, humid phosphorus and nitrogen are in a form available for plants.
At the same time, phosphorous-potash fertilizers are made at the rate of 1 square meter of beds, matching boxes of superphosphate and 1 tablespoon of potassium chloride.
Sowing
For the seeds of Luke Chernushki are preparing shallow grooves, the distance between the furrows is 25 cm. Do not take too narrow aisle, then it will be uncomfortable to remove weeds and loosen the earth. It is undesirable to plant in dry ground, especially gentle seeds, as the tender stems can dry out and the abyss. Therefore, if the precipitation was not enough, well bypass the furrow for Chernushka before sowing.
Onions are susceptible to attack of such a pest as a leek fly. It is very sensitive to the usual cook salt, so before sowing the grooves "Salt". If you forgot to salute when landing - nothing terrible, you can later pour the beds with brine, prepared from 300 grams of salt and 10 liters of water. Sow the seeds pretty thick, as Chernushka does not like a rare fit. From above, the seeds are sprinkled with a compartment or humus, and the soil is sealing. The landing depth is no more than 2 cm, too deeply sown seeds may not climb.
Bow Chernushka: Growing
The onion grows slowly, so the weeds on the garden with a bow are removed in a timely manner so that the shoots are not "lost". Water until mid-July, the land after irrigation or precipitation loose, preventing drying and formation of peel. Onions in dry ground goes into a state of rest and practically does not develop. The result is a small and weak bow-north, which is poorly stored.
With too thickened landing onion, the shine thinned. Sluorrow is carried out as soon as the plants appeared the first pair of stalks. The distance between the seedlings leave 2 cm. The more you leave the distance, the larger there will be bow -shes, but there is no need.
During the cultivation of the onions twice feed:
- The first feeding is carried out immediately after thinning. As a fertilizer, an infusion of a cowboy is used in a ratio with water 1:10. It is also fed by mineral fertilizers, for this, ammonia nithert or urea, 1 tbsp. l. on 10 liters of water.
- The second feeder is held 10-15 days after the first. Mineral fertilizers, superphosphate and potassium salt are introduced into the soil.
To scare the pests, the onions periodically sprinkle with tobacco dust or wood ash, which will additionally serve as a mineral fertilizer.
Properly grown seedlings are better stored in winter, of which will grow an excellent harvest for the next year.
In mid-July, irrigated in the middle of the north to ripen and was kept in winter. When the neck of the plant dries, the north of the navigation. For digging, you choose a clear sunny day to dry well to the small lows in the sun, then befened in the shade.
Growing the annual grafts from Chernushka
Seedlings of Luke Chernushki
If you wish to grow a full-fledged bully from Chernushka in one season, then you need to go through all the stages of development. The first stage - the cultivation of the Chernushka Little Bulb - Sevka Luka. In the second stage, a full-fledged big bulb grows from Sevka. For landing, seeds of annual grades of onions are chosen.
For the first stage, the seeds of Luca Chernushki sow on seedlings already in February. For this prepare a container with fertile soil consisting of a delicate earth and humus. You can purchase a ready-made mixture for seedlings. The drawer with the prepared soil before sowing is recommended to curb. Use both gentle seeds and dry. At home, under the closer observation and control of humidity, dry seeds will also good in the drawer.
Sow Chernushka to moistened soil. The seeds are covered with a small layer of humus, and slightly compact the soil. So that the shoots appear faster and the land is not so fast, the box with a seedy of the future onion is covered with a film, it will create a greenhouse effect and a special microclimate for small sprouts. If shoots appear, the film is removed, and then the onions seedlings develop under normal conditions. Shoots are regularly watered, it is convenient to do this from the watering can with the scatterer.
Planting the seedlings of Luke-Chernushki in the open ground produce in the spring, in early May. Before planing the stalks of plants and the roots are shortened with scissors. Finished seedling is thin 15-20 cm long.
The size of the finished onion depends on the distance between the plants. Optimally to withstand when the seedlings are 7-8 cm. If the distance to do more, the onions will grow larger, but the onions of the medium size is best stored.
Flashing method of cultivation
Growing onion seedlings is a rather painstaking lesson. Annual bow passes all stages of development, from seed shoots to ripening of the bulbs, for 130 days, and if you try, you can grow it and a reckless way. The main task when landing in open ground is to do it as early as possible, in February. Then the bow will be able to climb when even coldly, but the soil is wet enough, and it will have time to grow before the onset of the first cold.
There is another option for the cultivation of the annual onion with the least effort - the so-called cross-sowing. In the fall, pre-prepared a bed for onions, and are waiting for the first frosts. When the surface of the Earth is frozen, Chernushki sowing. The seeds are covered with a 2-hsantimeter layer of soil or humus, and leave the bed in this form until spring. The cold onion is not afraid, so the seeds will not freeze in winter. Vegetation will begin at the end of March - early April, and in the fall you will collect a full harvest.
When growing annual grades of onions, if they want to get a harvest this year, the beds are thinned when the first 1-2 leaves appear on the seedlings. You can carry out to break in several stages as the seedlings grow, then the grown plants will become quite large for use for greens. If the blacks of the annual onion does not break on time, the seedlings will grow out of the seeds, the same as in the two-year grades of Luke. When thinning, focus on the same distance as with the cultivation of a regular bow - 7-8 cm between plants.
An annual bouquet harvest is cleaned in September. If the necks of some plants do not dry in time, they are "plugged". After harvesting, the bow thoroughly succumb.
Bow Chernushka: Getting seeds from your own material
You can grow onion seeds and independently, let's say, bought a bow, really liked, and the variety is unknown. Or have already grown the delicious grade of Luke, why buy seeds again, if you can grow them yourself?
In the spring for obtaining seeds, beautiful large smooth bulbs without defects are taken, carefully dry 2-3 weeks and move to the room with a temperature of + 10-15 ° C. After some time, the bulbs will germinate. The uterine bulbs are disinfected by a solution of manganese and plant in the soil at a distance of at least 15 cm from each other. The cervix is \u200b\u200blocated above the ground level.
The bulb grows feathers and a strong stem that ends with a round hat with seed boxes. Closer to the beginning of the autumn, the seeds in the boxes are ripening, and the boxes begin to crack. Finished seeds - black. When most of the seeds are ripe, stems with heads are cut and dried. The dried heads are clearly varied, so that all seeds fall out of them.
In such seeds there is a lot of sauards, you can leave seeds for storage in this form, and you can clean them so that they look like purchased from bags. For this, they are poured with water and stirred thoroughly. All that rises up - emit, seeds are settled on the bottom. The water is drained, the seeds dried. The whole procedure is carried out quickly, it is impossible to leave the seeds with wet. Teaching conveniently on the newspaper, the paper is well picks moisture, if necessary, the newspaper can be changed several times during drying.
Keep the Chernushka need in a dark, cool and dry place. The germination of caused seeds under the condition of proper storage - from 90%.
Growing onion at its own country area is not such a difficult occupation. Especially after the annual grade of Luke appeared, allowing to grow from seeds a full-fledged Luka harvest in just one season. There are a huge variety of varieties of onions, and it is often possible to buy new varieties for yourself only in the form of seeds, namely - Chernushki.
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