Colon's apple tree in Siberia, landing and care. Colon's apple trees for Siberia: Best varieties, growing, photo

Fruit trees in the garden plot are a valuable acquisition for each gardener who want not only to decorate the garden, but also a large amount of delicious and healthy fruits in the winter months. Often, household plots do not allow to accommodate many young fruit trees, no matter how much it wanted. In this case, colon-shaped varieties come to the revenue of gardeners, among which apple trees are given to the discoverers in this area of \u200b\u200bselection. It was the colon's apple trees first appeared in the gardens and produced a real revolution: they occupy little space, perfectly adapt to climatic conditions and give a large harvest.

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Many gardeners are still afraid to grow colon-shaped apple trees, but they are worth it. Proceedings of foreign and domestic breeders made it possible to land such varieties even in Siberia.

To put it properly and grow a colonum apple tree in Siberia, consider in more detail the features of the colon-shaped apple trees, as well as the characteristic of the most suitable varieties for this region. We note the important rules for growing a colonum apple tree in Siberia.

Features and morphological description of colonum apple trees for Siberia

Colon's varieties of fruit trees are a novelty in the world of gardening, which attracted many gardeners around the world. In essence, these compact trees are a clone of ordinary apple trees that have received the best features and features. The first opened this type of fruit trees gardener from Canada, who during his garden saw an unusual branch on the apple tree of Makintosh varieties. This branch was strictly vertical and did not have branches, but there were leaves and apples on it in an excess. He took a stalk from this branch attempted to instill him. Everything was successful and the gardener received a new variety of apple trees - Colon's hair. It happened in 1964, after which such a natural mutation of fruit trees was taken to armared by breeders from around the world and was used to derive a large number of different varieties of colonum apple trees, including varieties for Siberia. The first obtained variety of the colonum apple tree was called the "leader".

Canada is considered the birthplace of Colon's apple tree, as it was here in British Columbia, this mutation was noted. And here the breeders were the first to bring the varieties of this species. In the territory of Russia, the Colon's apple tree appeared 10 years after its discovery. Today, new varieties appear constantly, including thanks to the vast work of domestic breeders, whose works are aimed at eliminating more frost-resistant varieties capable of bringing a large harvest in a short summer. That is why it is safe to say that the colon-shaped apple tree for Siberia is not fiction and not a dream, but a real opportunity.

Description of the clone apple tree for Siberia:

Not all colon's apple trees are suitable for cultivation in Siberia, where there is a short summer and sufficiently severe winters. However, in recent years, the breeders have made a lot of work precisely in the direction of obtaining frost-resistant varieties that can be placed in Siberia.
Specially derived varieties of colonum apple trees for Siberia have an excellent adaptation to the climatic conditions of this region.
All Siberia apple trees have a number of frost-resistant characteristics and late ripening of fruits, which is important in a short Siberian summer.
The territory of Siberia is large enough, therefore the climate is significantly different in its various regions. Taking into account these facts, varieties of colonum apple trees for growing are selected.
Colon's apple tree is a natural clone of ordinary apple tree, which was obtained due to natural mutation.
In its appearance, this fruit tree is a thickened trunk with a large number of fruit twigs, Copsen and rill, which all together form a pyramidal or colonum-shaped crown. Although, as such crowns, these apple trees are not, because of the lack of strong branching.
The height of the colonum apple tree may be different, it all depends on the group of this type of fruit trees, which are three: dwarf colon-shaped apples - height 150-200 cm, the average apple tree - height 250-300 cm, high colonum varieties - height from 300 cm.
On the territory of Siberia it is recommended to disembark the mid-grade varieties of colonum apple trees.
The diameter of an adult colonum apple tree tree is approximately 50 cm, which makes it possible to consider these varieties compact. It is this feature that the gardeners are valued, since in small areas you can easily put several seedlings of colonum apple trees that will not interfere with each other and other landings.
The first 2-3 years colon-hair apple tree is characterized by a very fast growth and strong branching. During this period, it is especially important to maintain the top point of growth, if you need a coloniform form. In the harsh climatic conditions of Siberia, this is particularly relevant as well as the safety of the root system, which this type is superficial.
It is also worth noting that colon-shaped apple trees can give a harvest for the first year after landing, but it is recommended to fully tear up so that in the future the tree gave even more apples. In Siberia, this kind of apple tree can give the first harvest only in a couple of years, and sometimes after 2-3 years.
Regardless of where the colon-shaped apple tree grows, the first 5-6 years of the crop is constantly increasing, and then stops at one high level.
Colon's apple trees can be fruit for 15-20 years, after which they need to be rejuvenated by cropping or reproduction.
Saplings of this apple tree, planted in Siberia, require a little more care and care, shelter in winter and trimming, which in the end allows you to get a good harvest. It is especially important to take care of the absence of a strong wind at the landing site of an apple tree, as it can damage not only the tree itself, but also to cause the frozen the top kidney.
For landing in Siberia, a variety of colonum apple trees with frost resistance in -35-45 degrees of frost are suitable.

Colon's apple tree for Siberia: varieties

Today, breeders are simply a huge number of different varieties of colonum apple trees, which are distinguished by their characteristics, the peculiarities of growing, the timing of ripening and harvesting. Specially for cultivation in the middle lane of Russia and in Siberia varieties of such a kind of apple trees with greater frost resistance were brought, which allows trees to easily endure harsh winters. Consider a description of the most suitable varieties of colonum apple trees for Siberia.

Variety of colonum apple tree "Medoc". It is one of the most popular varieties, which has proven itself in Siberia. In height, the tree can reach about 2-2.5 meters. It is considered a semi-class variety, which is characterized by high yield and resistance to diseases and pests. The fruits of a light yellow shade with a grainy and very juicy pulp with a bright honey taste, hence the name of the variety. The fruits of this variety of colonum apple trees are quite large, the weight of one can be approximately 200-250 grams. The frost resistance is high - an apple tree withstands frost to minus 30-35 degrees. The harvest matures at the end of August - in early September.
Sort "President". It is a summer variety, which also has proven itself not only in Siberia, but also the Moscow region. Compact semi-class variety of domestic selection, which has a good immunity to diseases and excellent frost resistance, which corresponds to about -25-35 degrees. This apple tree is also different - up to 10 kg of juicy fruits from a tree. Fruits are large, light yellow with a rosy reddish barrel. The weight of one fetus can be 100-200 grams. The pulp of apples is very juicy and fragrant.

Grade "Vasyugan". It is considered one of the best varieties for Siberia, as it has just excellent frost resistance - the tree can make frosts up to minus 40-42 degrees. The height can reach 250-300 cm. These varieties of domestic selection include autumn, since the full ripening of fruit falls on the middle or end of September. Fruits are large, solid, have a conical shape and bright red striped color. The flesh is juicy, sour-sweet. The weight of one fetus can be approximately 150-200 grams. The variety is distinguished by resistance to diseases and pests.
Sort "Ostankino". The average semi-car class variety of domestic selection, the tree of which height can reach about 200-250 cm. It has a good yield and phenofliness, as well as resistance to pests and diseases. With the right and good care from one tree you can get 6-9 kg of apples, and sometimes up to 16 kg. Winter hardiness variety average, can withstand frosts up to minus 25 degrees. The fruits are large, the weight of one is 200-220 grams. The fruits are light green with a reddish blush, with a juicy flesh and a sweet taste. Ripen in mid-September.

Grade "Iksha". This variety among all is characterized by the highest frost resistance. Apple tree grades Iksha can carry Siberian frosts over 40 degrees. The fruits ripen at the end of summer - in early September. By size, the weight of one fetus can be approximately 150-180 grams. Apples of a beautiful orange-red shade with a juicy flesh.
Grade "Currency". He is a representative of the winter varieties of colonum apple trees, which have proven perfectly in Siberia climate. A dwarf variety rejoicing excellent immunity to the most varying diseases and pests, it is for this reason that practically does not need to spray chemicals. Full ripening of fruit occurs around at the beginning or end of October. The fruits of the average size, the weight of one is approximately 150-180 grams. Apples have bright golden yellow leather with a reddish blush, as well as a sweet whhady flesh. Fruits can be stored until February.

Sort "Triumph". It is considered a high-yielding and migratory variety of colonum apple trees, which has everything and good resistance to pests and diseases. The fruits are quite large with dark red saturated skin and juicy sweetish-sour, dessert taste. Winter hardiness average. Fruits are fully ripening in mid-September and can be stored for one month.

In addition to the above varieties that can be grown on the territory of Siberia and receive a large harvest of fruits, you can note others: Chevonets, Renet Majorza, Gin, Arbat, Moscow Necklace, Amber Necklace, Dialogue, Senator, Malyuha.

Technology planting a colonum apple tree in Siberia

The climate in Siberia is significantly different from other regions of the country and has a number of features that are important to take into account when growing various fruit crops here. That is why landing and care for colon-shaped apple trees in Siberia is a very subtle and time-consuming business that requires competent and thorough preparation. However, with a serious setting and correctly built landing stages, it is possible to achieve a positive result - in a couple of years you will be fearful fruits from the young colon of a colonum apple tree.

Choice and acquisition of seedlings of colonum apple trees for Siberia

The first and most important stage on the way to planting a colonum apple tree in Siberia is the acquisition of planting material. To date, the seedlings of this type of fruit trees can be bought absolutely in any garden centers and shops.
You can buy a colonial apple tree for Siberia in specialized garden centers and nurseries. At the same time, be sure to pay attention to the presence of a label or tag, which will contain information about the seedlings you choose: the grade, age where is grown. If you do not see such information, be sure to specify its availability from the consultant.
Do not buy seedlings of colonum apple trees in natural markets or on the side of the roads. In this case, you can sell at all the landing material, and you will only learn about it in a couple of years. There is no guarantee in the purchased seedlings.
For cultivation on the territory of Siberia, it is necessary to pick up varieties of colonum apple trees with high frost resistance. It is best to start with such varieties as President, Iksha or Vasyugan, which can withstand frosts up to minus 40 degrees. If the experience is successful, you can try to plant and seedlings with less frost resistance.

Most often for landing in a climate of Siberia, it is recommended to acquire the zoned varieties of colonum apple tree. This means that these varieties have been derived and grown on the territory of Siberia and perfectly adapt to changing weather conditions. So you will protect yourself from further problems with the cultivation of fruit tree.
The garden stores and nurseries can purchase seedlings of columnar apple trees both with closed root system, and open. Ideally, it is best to buy a seedling in the container, as the roots of the tree open can not be a long time without soil and moisture. Seedling in the container has a greater shelf-life and better survival. When buying such planting material must pay attention to the soil in the container: it must be clean and moisturized, with no signs of mold. You may be able to pull the top of the seedlings if the seedling is pulled, it means that you have replaced just before planting. And it can lead to poor rooting.
If you buy a seedling bare-root, ask the nursery staff dig seedling just before buying. So you can be sure that you are getting.
Be sure to carefully inspect the appearance of seedlings. There should be no visible damage to the bark and roots. On the seedlings should be no leaves, and the root collar, and the lobe of the roots must be healthy, without sagging and dry areas. Roots themselves have to be flexible.
Seedling to easily and quickly caught on in Siberia, it is important to buy a one-year planting material. It has no side branches and a height of up to about 50-60 cm.
If the seedlings were purchased with open back, it is important to them to transport and store until planting in open ground. The roots must be constantly wet, for this they wrapped with wet burlap and plastic film.

The choice of location and soil preparation for planting columnar apple trees in Siberia

The next important step before boarding columnar apple trees in Siberia is a selection on the site of the most suitable places.
All varieties of columnar apple differ demanding a locus, for them it is important to choose the open area with plenty of sunlight. In the shade of the fruit trees will not grow and will not give a good harvest.
Be sure to choose a site that is well protected from strong winds and drafts. They adversely affect the growth of columnar apple and often can damage the root system, which is a surfactant. In this case, you can choose the place, closed by the wind flow structure.
The colonum apple tree prefers to grow on lungs and fertile soils that have good water permeability and breathability. At the same time, one of the conditions of normal growth is a fairly close occurrence of groundwater - not less than 2 meters.
If the chosen area of \u200b\u200bthe soil is heavy, then it is necessary to take care of good drainage.
The selected landing plot is important to prepare in the fall. It is drunk about two bayonet shovels, thoroughly loose. At the same time, planting holes are prepared, the size of which should be as follows: 60-70 cm in width and length, as well as 50-60 cm in depth. If you sit down several colon-shaped seedlings, be sure to observe the distance between the holes at 40-60 cm.

Planting a colonum apple tree in Siberia: Step-by-step instruction

The optimal time for planting a colonum apple tree in Siberia is spring, immediately after the heating of the soil, but prior to the start of active deploration. Autumn landing in Siberia is not recommended, since in this case young seedlings will not have time to grow up before the winter.
Two weeks before landing prepare the soil substrate. For this, the soil who was dug from landing holes, it is important to mix with 3-4 buckets of humus, 100 grams of superphosphate, 100 grams of potash fertilizer and a small amount of dolomite flour. After that, the part of the soil mixture is embarrassed on the bottom of the landing pit so that it is ass. Previously, do not forget to put the drainage layer on the bottom of each landing jam, consisting of a broken brick or rubble.
On the day of landing, be sure to check the root system of seedlings if you purchased them with open roots. If the roots dried a little, then before landing, place the seedlings for 10 hours into the water. Saplings in containers must be abundantly pouring water to facilitate their extraction.
In order for in the harsh Siberian climate, the seedlings have grown faster, experienced gardeners recommend slightly trimmed the roots of the colonum apple tree.
For planting a colonum apple tree in Siberia, there are their own rules that contribute to the rapid survival of seedlings. Having planted seedlings into landing pit, you need to slightly tilt them. This will allow the bunch of the village to the ground for the shelter. If the landing is carried out in the Siberian region with a softer climate, then the landing is made in the usual way.
Placing seedlings into landing pit, it is important to accurately straighten all the roots, after which it is completely filled with the soil so that the root neck remains on the surface.
The soil around the seedlings are well compacted and poured abundantly, then the rolling circle is mounted peat.
You can also knock the peg seedling barrel, to which in the further tree can be taped.

Agrotechnical cultivation of colonum apple tree in Siberia: Secrets and nuances of care

Caring for colon's apple trees in Siberia is slightly different from other regions, as it is important to prepare trees to a harsh winter. Otherwise, all the steps of growing agricultural equipment are the same and include watering, loosening and mulching, feeding and trimming, as well as thorough shelter for the winter.

Watering. In order to get delicious and juicy fruits, it is important to regularly water colon-shaped apple trees. Since the root system of these fruit trees is superficial, then watering should be abundant and regular. For better irrigation, you can form low sides along the edge of the priority circle, so the moisture will be better to come to the roots. Each tree should have about 1-2 water buckets. It is easy to develop watering mode simply, you can navigate on the soil surface: if it dries on 4-5 cm, you can already water. In the arid summer, the amount of irrigation increases up to the daily application of water. The apple tree relates well to sprinkling, especially in the heat.
Podchar. For the season it is necessary to spend three feeding of a colonum apple tree. The first time fertilizer is brought in the spring, then the second feeder is carried out after 3-4 weeks and the third also after 3-4 weeks. At the end of summer and in the fall, feeding stops. To do everything correctly and do not flush the trees, it is important to follow the rules: the first feeding is made at the moment of active vegetation and are used in this case, the nitrogen fertilizers, the second feeding at the time of the bootonization using phosphate and potash fertilizers, the third at the time of the binding of fruits using potassium and Nitrogen.
Trimming. Colon's apple tree has a compact crown form that needs to be maintained. It is important to regularly cut forward the wounds to get a better harvest. In the first year, it is important to remove all the ovary, leaving 1-2 pieces for sample apples. After a couple of years, half of the strings are removed, then leave more and more colors with an increase in the yield of the tree. Crimping is to remove damaged and weak branches, as well as a small cutting of shoots, if they have greatly went into growth. Basically, in the territory of Siberia, pruning is to remove the top of growth to the first strong escape. This allows you to preserve the ability to grow the entire apple tree.
Fighting pests and diseases. Colon's apple trees are characterized by a stronger immunity to the invasion of pests and the appearance of disease. However, it is recommended to treat trees with special chemicals to the prevention of those in the spring, as well as thoroughly remove the foliage and observe watering mode.
Preparation for winter. Even the most frost-resistant varieties of colonum apple trees on the territory of Siberia may suffer from severe frosts. In this case, it is necessary to completely cover the tree by observing material, while turning the barrel with a rubber grid or a spruce napnik, which will protect the bark from rodents.

Colon's apple tree in Siberia - Photo

Reviews about Colon's apple trees in Siberia allow you to make sure that grow strong and healthy fruit trees and get a rich harvest in such harsh conditions is quite possible. The main thing is to choose the right apple trees and carefully follow the rules of agrotechnology of cultivation.