Colon's apple tree in the Urals, landing and care

For a moderately cold climate in the Urals, it is not uncommon to grow and assemble the harvest of apples now. Despite the fact that in this part of the country, harsh winters, changeable summer with temperature drops, frost and precipitation drops, grow different varieties of apple trees is not easy. Recently, the breeders from Sverdlovsk have been done by a lot of work and new, frost-resistant varieties of apple trees are derived, which are fruit in the harsh conditions of the Ural region.

Varieties of coloniary apple trees for the Urals

For a small area, the best solution is to land a colonum apple tree. This variety does not take much space on the plot and gives a crop 2 times more than from a conventional tall tree.

So that it was, you need to follow 4 rules:

1. Seedling plant in warm soil.
2. Landing in the wind is unacceptable.
3. The soil must be enriched with nutritional mixtures.
4. Choosing a place: only well lit by the sun.

Colon-shaped apple trees have many advantages - it does not occupy a lot of space on the plot and gives an abundant harvest. And this is not all - the tree does not grow more than 2.5 meters. The crown in diameter reaches no more than 50 cm. If you compare with conventional trees, then one standard apple tree will be replaced by 10 colonuids. Plus fruction begins 2-3 years after landing.

Not all varieties of apple trees can be grown in the Urals, as the climate is severe, winter frosty up to -40 degrees, and summer can be hot, arid, changeable. Therefore, winter-hardy varieties of fruit trees are selected.

The best varieties of colon-shaped apple trees for the Urals:

1. Grade "Currency" - The lowest variety ripens late, crown compact. The variety is frost-resistant and not exposed to temperature drops. Harvesting - in October, yellow fruits with a red spot. The sort of silverhead, after the first year of cultivation, you can remove the first fruits. But in full force, fruiting enters only 4 years from the moment of landing. Grade high-yielding, the duration of fruiting up to 17 years.
2. Sort "President" - One of the most frost-resistant. The height of the tree reaches no more than 2.5 m, the weight of each fetus 150-250 g. Early fruiting allows you to remove up to 8 kg of fruits per season, but only for the 5th year after landing. If you provide proper care, from the tree you can remove 2 times more apples. The fruits are very juicy and sweet. The harvest can be saved until spring.
3. Grade "Vasyugan" - Perfectly tolerate frosts even up to -42 degrees. The height of trees up to 3 m, the crown is thick, covered with fruits. In the first year, it is possible to expect fruiting, but it is advisable to remove the wounds so that the tree is strengthened. For the 2nd year it is allowed to remove the "test" harvest from each tree of 5 apples. 4 years after landing, the tree can give up to 6 kg of fruits. Dates of ripening - in late August-September. The fruits are red-green, small weighing 100-200 g, sour-sweet and very juicy. The shelf life is small, but the apples of this variety can be subjected to any processing (cooking, drying), they do not change their fragrance. Fruption is long and stable - about 15-16 years.
4. Another frost-resistant grade "Dialogue", withstand frosts up to -42 degrees. The variety is very hardy, as it is not afraid of diseases and pest attacks. Ripening Early - in early September, Fruits flat-edged medium size, yellow-orange with a bright red stripe. The apples are very fragrant, the flesh is juicy and bright, taste - sour-sweet. This variety does not require watering and making feeding, like most varieties of low-speed apple trees. Stable fruiting for 15 years.
5. Apple tree apple trees "Amber Necklace" - withstands strength frost and dry summer. The period of crop maturation is September, the fruits are stored until the end of spring. 1.5 months after the crop removal, with proper storage, the aroma is revealed, and the apples become tastier. High-yielding grade, at a time you can remove up to 20 kg of fruits! The period of fruiting is long - up to 15 years. The fruits are yellow-green with a barely noticeable blush on her side or in a fruit tree. The weight of one apple is up to 180 g, but if you remove the extra obvious, you can grow large fruit weighing up to 300 g.
6. Sort "Malyuha" - Frost-resistant, fruiting on the 2nd year after landing. From the tree you can remove up to 3 kg of fruits. On the 5th year and each subsequent from the tree can be removed to 12 kg of apples. The fruits are rounded, green with a pale blush, weight - up to 120 g. Ripening in September. The taste of sour-sweet, when storing the acid is neutralized, and apples will be sweeter. The variety is well kept until spring.

The varieties of colonum apple trees for the South Urals, which can also be grown in this part of the region: Chervonets, Waltz and dialogue. For the middle strip of the Urals, all the lowered and winter-hardy varieties of colonum apple trees are suitable.

Colon's apple trees for the Urals. Photo:

Where to buy apple trees coloniform for the Urals

Buy trees seedlings in our region, then they will be adapted for growing in harsh weather conditions. You can purchase seedlings in the garden center or nursery located near the plot. Then plants will quickly come down after landing in a new place and adapt.

Even if a frost-resistant variety is chosen in a local nursery, the risk of frozen is still large, since the climate in the Urals is unpredictable and no nursery can give 100% guarantee that seedlings are adapted. Therefore, always when buying young apple trees you need to take several varieties. Thus, you can get a good harvest, even if some one variety will not be saved.

What else to keep in mind:

1. If you buy an apple tree grade with an open root system, you need to pay attention to the state of the roots. They should be without rot, swirling and thickening. The roots must be elastic and non-cubed, 30 cm long. Pay attention to the trunk, it should also be without outwards and direct.
2. For landing on the site it is necessary to choose seedlings by age 1-2 years. Such young apple trees are faster adapted in a new place.

Planting a colonum apple tree in spring seedlings in the Urals

Saplings grown in the local nursery can land both in the fall and spring in open ground. Young, not yet strengthened trees, it is advisable to land in the spring. Dates of landing: in the middle of April. If the landing is planned in the fall, then no later than the second half of October. When landing in spring or autumn it is important that there are no frosts, and the soil was well moistened.

If the landing is early, it can provoke the awakening of the kidneys, and during returnable frosts it is unacceptable, since the plant may die. Similarly, at late seedlings.

Sequence of actions when landing:

1. Choose a well-lit plot located on the south side. But it is important that it is protected from strong winds and drafts.
2. So that the moisture is not stored, choose an oblique area.
3. It is impossible to plant the young trees in the lowland, as more moisture accumulates there and there is a cool air. The root system of the apple tree may suffer from the re-fulfillment of moisture.
4. Soil requirements: Sacks, medium or light fertile loams. The reaction of the soil environment is neutral. Sour soils are unacceptable, as they negatively affect the development of young seedlings.
5. Choose a site so that the depth of groundwater is at least 7 meters, and if it is low grades - 3, a maximum of 4 meters from the ground surface.
6. Preparation of the preliminary site. It is necessary to move the land, freeing from weeding herbs and make organic fertilizers. On the square meter of the site prepare 10 kg of nutrient mixture. In order to make a liquid feeding, dissolve 1 kg of a cowboy in 10 liters of water, withstand from 3 to 7 days, then plenty of soil. The second recipe for an organic supplement for the enrichment of the soil: a mixture of 5 kg of compost, 45 g of potash salt, 100 g of superphosphate, 10 kg of peat and 40 g of sulfur potassium is added to each pit.
7. If the soil acidity is overestimated, lime is entered. Small river sand is mixed in heavy clay soil.
8. Preparation of pit for planting: diameter and depth from 70 cm to 1 m, everything will depend on the length of the roots of the seedling and its size.
9. A pit is prepared for 2, a maximum of 3 weeks before landing seedlings, nutritious feeders make and shrinkage.
10. When landing, you need to remove the top layer of the soil, squeeze aside. In the pit, enter the humus, pour 1-2 water buckets to moisten the soil well.
11. If the water on the site is forced, it is necessary to make drainage and pour a clamzite on the bottom of the pit, a broken brick or crushed stone. The construction of drainage channels will also help prevent moisture forcing.
12. If the soil is fertile, it is enough to make a peat or compost, mixed with the soil (an uptage layer is mixed).
13. When planting an apple tree is not used fresh manure, as he can wish fragile roots. Dung need to use only overworked.
14. How to put a seedling: in the pit you need to knock the peg-support for the young tree. Insert the seedling, carefully placing the roots, pour the soil and as the land is sprinkled, well tamper the soil. The surface should remain 5 cm root neck.
15. The seedling needs to be tied in the support and spill the soil with water. One tree prepare from 20 to 40 liters of water.
16. The interval between seedlings during landing should be at least half a meter. Distance between rows - 1 m.
17. Mulching of the priority circle to choose from: peat or humus.

Depending on the grade of a seedling of a colonum apple tree in the Urals, it may be necessary to land on the neighborhood of a pollinator. There should be a distance of at least 3 m for short grades and 4 m - for mid-diluted.

How to care for seedlings of colonum apple trees in the Urals

Colon's apple tree is the best grade for the Urals and the ability to collect a good harvest. For the Urals are characterized by changeable weather conditions, so it is necessary to ensure proper care for trees.

How to care for seedlings:

• after landing, it is necessary to ensure proper watering, especially at the first time. Make sure that the soil does not drive. Watering schedule: 1 or 2 times a week, depending on weather conditions;
• the grown trees do not require frequent irrigation, enough to water the apple tree in the summer, when the soil is dry and no rain;
• after irrigation, it is necessary to make the soil loop around the trunk and mulching;
• 2 years after the landing, it is necessary to make feeding. Dates of making nutritional mixtures: in spring and autumn. If the summer was arid, nitrogen is made;
• additional feeding: potassium, nitrogen or phosphorus. In the spring, a nitrogen-containing mixture is entered into the soil, after summer - potassium or phosphorus. Also in the spring it is worth enriching the soil with a raised chicken litter or introduce a dung alive;
• ground green part can be sprayed 1st with nutritional mixtures with the addition of trace elements;
• young seedlings are necessary for the winter to hide: the trunk can be tied with a burlap, the crown is wrapped with agricultural or film;
• they are afraid of the apple flows of the soil; therefore, it is necessary to cover the rolling circle by humus, peat or pacide with a layer of at least 10 cm. From above, you can additionally put a layer of dry leaves. As soon as snow falls, you need to sketch on a rolling circle more snow, creating additional protection against frosts.

Do I need to cut coloniform apple trees in the Urals and how to do it?

Pruning is necessary, as this manipulation will allow you to get a good harvest. It is important to remember that the central conductor cannot be touched, because if you remove the growth point, the apple tree will branch.

Rules Trimming:

1. A year after landing with the onset of spring, it is necessary to cut the side branches, leaving only 2 kidneys.
2. Also in the first year after landing, it is desirable to remove all the inflorescences so that the apple tree develops better.
3. On the next autumn will grow 2 new, strong escapes. In the spring they need to cut them on 2 kidneys.
4. After 2-3 years, fruit units are formed from shoots. Excess side shoots need to have time to remove when they are still green, since the wounds are delayed longer. You also need to remove frostbed branches, patients and crossed.
5. Each year perform a rejuvenating trimming, so that the tree does not spend strength on the extension of the green mass.

Diseases and pests of colonum apple trees in the Urals: Prevention and measures for the destruction

The most important pests of an apple tree of any variety is a wave (plantain and green). And also: fruit, mole, sawmaker, glass, leaflerting, fruit and fruit moth, ripple mole, silkworms, cored. Pest control measures - processing of insecticide trees (preparations of decis, spark, tanker, cypermethrine).

Pest Prevention Measures: Wear a corrugated paper on each barrel. Such a delict belt will not allow insects to rise above the trunk. The whiteness of the spring lime will also help protect the treeper from pests.

Diseases: fruit rot, fly, mosaic, brutalik, pass, viral subcutaneous spot, rust, cytospose. How to prevent diseases: to process drugs: "Sorrow" (2 ml per bucket of water. Processing: In the spring, when the leaves will be blossomed), "Hom" (40 g is taken on 10 liters of water. The processing period is in the swelling phase), " Topaz "(2 ml of the drug is divorced in 10 liters of water. Spraying in the middle of spring).

How to grow a colonum apple tree in the Urals. Reviews

Elena Petrovna: « Always wanted to plant a colonifornous apple tree on the summer site, chose Vasyugan's grade, as the tree tolerate frost well. The sapling stuck in winter several times snowed a little more, the village was not extinct. Already removed the first harvest, the apples are very fragrant and sweet. It is very pleased with your work!»

Maxim Petrovich: « Several varieties of apple trees have extinze, only the resistant "president" remained. Constantly watched the growth of the seedling, the shoots and zerovy were removed on time. Now I can boast the first results and now I advise everyone to try to grow several different varieties of colonum apple trees on the site.».

Marina Ivanovna: « I bought several seedlings from the local nursery at the fair. They are very fragile and low. At first doubted whether something from such "kids" will work. I went for the 4th year already, every year I remove poured fruits. I did not regret that these apple trees planted ".