Kochesky, landing and care. Fern Kochnik: Growing, landing and care in open soil + photo

When planning landscape design, each gardener thinks over everything to the smallest details in the location of certain ornamental plants, taking into account the peculiarities of growing each culture. A small problem cause shaded areas where it is difficult to grow bright blooming cultures, but in the shade and on the northern half of the garden, fern will feel perfectly. These perennial plants can be raised without problems under the shadow of trees or in the shade of buildings, without not worrying about their health and appearance.

Content

A variety of ferns The Kochesky is also a frequent guest of the gardens, hitting the rather unusual coloring of the leaves and a large variety of subspecies and varieties. The jacket, growing and care in the open soil for which does not make up difficulties will become an excellent addition to any garden composition.

In order to properly place the plant on its plot, a jacket and grow it, consider in this article features and description of this culture, we present the characteristics of the most popular varieties of the journey. And also note the important points and rules for planting and care for this type of fern.

Features and morphological description of the journey

The Kochesky Fern in recent years is often used to grow in the garden, for which you can choose a couple of dozen popular varieties of this subspecies of the fern. It is perfect for landing as a background with flowering plants or as a soling decorative plant in a small shade. The jacket perfectly adapts to adverse conditions, so it will become a valuable opening for many gardeners.

The fern of the journey is a perennial herbaceous plant, which relates to the family asplenium and the genus of the panels, although quite recently the fern of the journey treated the genus Kochnik. Fern The Kochesky is considered the ancient representative of his family and is found almost around the world. The natural habitat of this type of fern is the shady and wet areas, forests and coastal zones of water bodies, mainly the northern hemisphere. Different varieties of a fern of a journey grow in areas with temperate climates, less often on the highlands of the tropics. This decorative plant can be found in Europe, Asia, Russia, America. In different regions of Russia, it is possible to meet approximately 10-15 different varieties of jackets, which are often used by gardeners.

There are many legends and old legends associated with a fern by the Kochesky, who are told about the magical strength of this plant, and about the healing properties of different parts. Many gardeners and lovers of unusual decorative plants cause a perplexity of the specific name of this kind of fern. But there is nothing strange here. The word "jockey" is directly related to the external characteristics of the fern. If at the beginning of the fall, the leaf of the Fern of the Kochesenik, then can be seen in the place where the sheet is attached to the base, a kind of edge. This point looks outwardly resembles a curved and curve arrow. It is this form that resembles a very ancient instrument that the peasants were used for lapel weaving. And it was called this tool Kokeshk. Hence the name of the variety of fern.

Everyone knows the legend about whether the blooming fern of the Kochezerhnik was used on the night on Ivana, all his life will be happy and rich. In addition to this legend, you can mention another one that is used in the Vologda region: if you sit near the Fern of the Kochesknik on this night, you can see your future.

DESCRIPTION OF THE KOCHER:

The jockey is a perennial non-winter fern, which can be represented as low-voltage plants and tall.
The plant has a rather thick and fleshy root, which is located in the upper layers of the soil. Rhizome is short enough, it can be straight or flowning, black, with small dark hairs. The rhizome of this type of fern, especially the female jacket, is used in folk medicine.
The fern stem is short enough, dense, vertical, thickly covered with letters-wiji leaves.
The peeper fern leaves have a lanceal, triangular, filament or dissected form. Most varieties leaves three times peristracted. Fern leaves are called Wijah.
The leaves are fastened to stalk with short stuffs covered with film.
Wiji leaves are quite large, in length can reach 30-40 cm, and during the cultivation of a jacket in the room the leaves can reach the length of 50 cm. They are collected in peculiar beams. From the outside, the leaf plates are covered with coarse, in which the sporangies of the fermentation of the journey ripen.
The total fern height of this species may be different, depending on the specific variety: on average from 20 cm to 150-200 cm.
Wiji leaves are the main decorative decoration of this fern. Depending on the specific variety, the color may differ. Dark green leaves, filament leaves, reddish leaves, gray and grayish are isolated.
The leaves begin to grow from the beginning of the spring and continue to appear until the autumn, which makes the Kochnik fermer bushing very decorative and spectacular.
Perfect this plant adapts in adverse conditions, it can make a strong gas supply, steady frost and high humidity.
The fern of the journey does not bloom and, therefore, does not form seeds, as it spreads the self-sacker with the help of a dispute.
The journey is considered a sufficiently long-lived plant, which in one place without a transplant can be about 10-15 years.
The fern of the journey fits perfectly into the landscape design in natural style. It is perfectly combined with spring flowers under the crown of trees.

Types and varieties of a journey

The whole genus of ferns The jacket has a large number of different varieties that differ in completely different external characteristics and the peculiarities of growing. In total, it is possible to count about 200 varieties of the fern of the jigger, but only 10 are used in culture in Russia. More tropical varieties of this type of plant can be grown at home.

Consider the characteristics of the most popular species and varieties of the journey among the gardeners:

Women's jigger. This is one of the most common types of a jigger, which can be found in both nature and culture. This fern was obtained for his beautiful openwork foliage, which is significantly different from the foliage of the Fern Male Piece. In nature, a female jacket grows in North America, as well as in the middle lane in Europe. After germination, the Wiray leaves quickly go into growth and can reach a length of approximately 100 cm, and the total height of the ferns of this type can reach 120-130 cm. The leaves have an oblong lanceal shape, three times or twice-crushed, light green, collected in dense outlet. Rhizome fern of a female jar is quite often used in folk medicine.

Nipponsky nipponse. Another popular look. The fern of the nipponsky nipponne is widespread in Japan, China, Vietnam, Korea. That is why in the US, this beautiful decorative plant is often called the Japanese jacket or Japanese Painted Fern. It is considered the most decorative species of the fern of the journey at the expense of its bright and spectacular leaves-wai: they have a silver shade with reddish-crimson divorces. Prefers this plant to grow in the shade on wet soils. The nipponsky jar of winter articles, so he feels perfectly in the climatic conditions of Russia.

Kochrier is gorgeous. A long-term fern who prefers to grow in river valleys, on the shores of water bodies, in wet and swamp forests. It is considered a sufficiently lowered plant, height can grow only by 50 cm. It has a long creeping rhizome and short stem, on which Wyi is located singly or in a group of 2-3 pieces. The sheet plate has an oblong ovoid shape, a cross-laid, light green shade.
Cocrecery Gorgeous-Pil. The natural area of \u200b\u200bthe habitat of this type of fern is the territory of the Far East and Primorye, where it grows in wet forests and on the shores of rivers and lakes. The wai leaves in length reach approximately 60-70 cm, due to which the width of the sheet plate often exceeds its length. Leaves are very openwork and beautiful. A variety is distinguished by winter hardiness.
Needlehead. The natural area of \u200b\u200bthe habitat of this species of the journey is the territory of the Far East. Ferns form pretty thick and dense thickets, which prefer shadow and high humidity. In height, the fern reaches about 30-40 cm. Wai leaf plates have a diamond shape, openwork, peristo-separated, are vertically located. This type of stiff is longer than the leaf plate itself.
Chinese or red-cocked. This type of fern got widespread on the territory of the Far East and Primorye. It forms thick and dense thickets, perfectly multiplied with self-sowing. The leaves form a socket. Wii have a reddish tint, on their own openwork and rather large, are attached to the stalk with the help of short dark red stiffers.

Popular varieties of jacket:

The variety of the jacket "Pictum". Very bright and spectacular variety of a journey, which is characterized by special decorativeness of foliage. The sheet plate has a common sisido-green shade, which is diluted along the veins with gray or pinkished color. Much brighter color is expressed in the sun. For commercial purposes, this variety of the Metallic Kochnik is often called.

The variety of the jar "Ursulas Red". Also a very beautiful variety of a journey, which will become a real decoration of the site. I received my name in honor of the breeding scientist, which brought him down - Ursula Herz. This variety can be called a redhead, as the central part of Wai has a bright reddish tint, while the edges of the leaf plate are painted in light green tone. Over time, the edges become silver, and the central part of a saturated reddish-purple green shade.
Burgundy Leis. A rather large and spectacular variety that amazes the contrast of shades in its foliage. At the very beginning of the growing season, young leaves are completely painted in a reddish-wine color, gradually the color begins to change around the edges, becoming slying or silver. At the end, only the central part becomes reddish.
Sorted Socan Sugan. In the height, the bustard of this fern can reach about 30-60 cm. Wiji leaves have a greenish-reddish tint. In case of dissolving, young wiis have a bright burgundy color, gradually become yellow with burgundy sweets.

Crocheter reproduction: the most common ways

The fern of the Kochesky is considered a rather unpretentious plant, for the cultivation of which on its site does not need to make any additional effort. Dilute this unusual plant can be independently on its site. For many breeding methods, it is important to have an adult plant in the garden, which gives landing material for breeding. The fern of the journey can be multiplied by several ways: disputes and division of rhizomes. Consider the features of the use of these two options for breeding decorative plants with their own hands.

The reproduction of the jockey disputes

On the leaves-wighs of the fern of the journey from the outside ripen disputes that can independently disperse, which contributes to natural reproduction. This type of breeding is used mainly for species jigs, much less often for varieties. This is due to the fact that as a result, the resulting plant may not inherit maternal varieties.
You can search for disputes as in the spring and at any other time of the year.
Initially, it is necessary to collect mature novers of the journey. To do this, take the Wija Fern and gently mischle the disputes on the reverse side.
Further, all disputes need to be treated with a solution of potassium permanganate, after which they are dried.
It is necessary to prepare suitable containers for sowing dispute. In this case, small cups are suitable.
Capacities are filled with fertile soil, perfectly suited a mixture of peat and sand. Pre-prepared substrate must be spilled with boiled water or hire the soil in the oven. It is possible to shed a substrate with a weak solution of manganese.
Next in the tank, the soil is poured, on the surface of which the disputes of the journey are laid out. You do not need to be added to the soil, it is enough to cover the pots or a container with a film or glass.
Capacities with disputes It is important to put into the room with the necessary temperature - the temperature of 23-25 \u200b\u200bdegrees is suitable for germination of the jigger.
At first, there is no need to water the dispute. Only when the diameter of one dispute will be approximately 5 cm, you can water warm water once a week.
If disputes are located very close, you can make a pickup.
When the first leaves appear, it is necessary to water a little more often. When the leaves in length reach approximately 7-8 cm, the shelter from the containers starts to be removed for the air, making this procedure more and more.
The next season, approximately in May, the seedlings of the fern of the jigger can be planted in an open ground.

The reproduction of the jar of the division

This method is used much more often and is greater than simplicity and ease compared to the previous one. The vegetative reproduction of the journey is used to obtain young plants of varietal ferns. Thus, they do not lose maternal decorative signs, for example, a reddish tint of leaves.
To multiply a jacket with a fission of rhizomes is recommended in the spring, however, if this option is not possible, the plant can be divided and at any other time. However, in this case, there is a risk that young plants will not have time to take root before the onset of cold.
First of all, it is necessary to neatly dig up an adult plant and slightly smooth the roots.
Next, take a sharp secateur or knife and carefully divide the rhizome into several parts in such a way that each decene has its kidney.
If the roots have a concrete grade short, you can use kidney nodules.
After that, the prepared decene sit down in advance prepared wells, the depth of which should be at least 20 cm.
The soil must be meditated, and for the winter, it is necessary to hide the cavity, as young plants can freeze.

Preparation before landing a jacket

As noted, the fern of the journey is very popular among gardeners due to unpretentiousness in cultivation and care, as well as due to large decorativeness. Even novice gardeners to grow a journey to grow in power, but it is important for an excellent result to carefully prepare before landing, having done high-quality work on the preparation of places for landing seedlings and in acquiring a healthy planting material.

Stage 1. Selection and acquisition of Kochesky seedlings

First of all, it is necessary to get high-quality planting material. It can be grown independently, as described in the previous chapter. In another case, you can buy a journey in specialized garden shops.
In garden centers and agrofirms, you can buy already collected spores of the fermentation of the journey in bags or ready-made seedlings in pots.
Before buying seedlings, it is necessary to think about which variety of the journey you want to grow on your site. Speecually looks at varieties with reddish, purple and sizy leaves, which can also be combined to create bright garden compositions. For open soil, it is not necessary to acquire tropical varieties of a journey, which are also on sale. More thermal-loving varieties can be grown only in room conditions.
Before buying landing material, be sure to check the seedlings for damage: on the stems and leaves there should be no yellow sections, the soil in the tanks should be clean and moistened.
While buying seedlings in agrofirms, you can get a competent and professional advice on the rules of growing plants.
If crochets in the forests grow in your area, then you can get a young seedling, digging and dividing the adult plant. In this case, be sure to capture a little soil in which the fern rose.

Stage 2. Choosing a place for landing a jacket

The fern of the journey prefers to grow in the shade, some varieties can take place temporary sun rays. The constant sun adversely affects the jacket, with the result that the plant can stop in the growth and lose its decorativeness.
To obtain a bright color of foliage, you can plant a fern in the shade of trees or small shrubs, as well as on the north side of the buildings.
It is worth choosing a quiet place on its plot, as a strong wind and drafts can break the fragile leaves of the journey.
The selected place for planting the fern of this species must be well drained.
Before boarding the jigger, think out the garden composition, as it is possible to plant saplings on the shores of the reservoirs, the roots of trees, in the stones, in the wildest places of the site.

Stage 3. Choice and preparation of soil for the jigger

The fern of the journey prefers to grow on fertile and loose soils.
A prerequisite for planting a jacket - the soil should be breathable and moisture-permeable.
The soil must absorb moisture well to feed well the roots. However, water should not be stamped.
Soil can be prepared immediately before planting, carefully reappear and breaking it.

Square planting technology

The landing of the jigger is best to spend in the spring, so that the young plant will take care of the winter.
First of all, it is necessary to prepare landing pits, the depth of which should be approximately 20-30 cm. In this case, consider if you disembark several seedlings nearby, it is important to observe the distance between the holes of 60 cm at a minimum.
At the bottom of each landing pit, pour the river sand layer, which will become a drainage that will not allow water to be stamped.
Next prepares soil, which consists of sand and peat. You can add humid and wood ash.
If you use a seedling brought by their forests, add a little earth to the soil from the forest.
Place the seedlings in the landing pits and sprinkle them prepared soil. Next, take care of the soil.
After planting a young jockey, you need to hide abundantly.
To prevent excessive evaporation of moisture, the soil around the ferns is mounted peat or humus.

Agrotechnical cultivation of a journey: Secrets and nuances of care

The cultivation of the journey on its site will not be big problems and will not require an incredible effort from gardener, since this type of fern is distinguished by unpretentious and inconspicuous. Caring for this plant is simple and understood and consists in timely watering, loosening and tidy, feeding and shelter by winter.

Watering. The fourth is a moisture plant, for a full-fledged plant of which it is important to observe frequent watering. Especially abundantly watering the journey is necessary in the first year after landing and during the heat. At the same time, it is necessary to water not only the root of the fern, but also spray Wii. Approximate watering mode: 1-2 times a week, in a dry period - you can water 3 times a week.
Loosening and mulching. After each watering, it is important to loosen the top layer of the soil, but it is necessary to do it carefully, since the roots are located very close to the surface. In order for moisture from the roots, it is not evaporated too quickly, it is recommended to climb the surface of coniferous legs or needles.
Feeding If you used a humus and peat when landing, then in the coming years, it is not necessary to fertilize the landings. Then you can use liquid fertilizers to achieve the greatest decorativeness of the fern of the journey.
Trimming. In pruning, the journey does not need. Sometimes you can carefully remove the yellowed Wii. Crimping can also need damaged or broken Wiyams.
Shelter for the winter. The jockey is considered a frost-resistant plant, so it is not necessary to do additional shelter. The exception is young plants immediately after landing. In this case, you can cover the landing of fallen foliage.

Kochrike - Photo

On the Internet of the Internet, you can find a large number of reviews about the procheznik, which describe all the beauty of the appearance of this fern and ease of cultivation. Attach such a plant in the garden will not be difficult, but in the end you will get the original and spectacular decoration of your site.