Strawberry seeds, landing and care. How to grow strawberries from seeds at home, landing

As you know, strawberries can multiply with seeds. The process of growing strawberries from seeds is quite complicated and painstaking. The seeds of strawberry berries require mandatory preset preparation, they can not arise for a long time, and the emerging seedlings of capricious and wounds. Sowing strawberries in seedlings requires knowledge of all agrotechnical events and techniques of this process, permanent attention and gentle departure from gardener. How to put strawberries with seeds? What care to provide fragile seedlings of strawberries? All information on the cultivation of strawberry seeds, as well as a phased description of the process - in this selection of material.

Content

Features Cultivation of strawberries from seeds

Strawberry in everyday life called a large strawberry. We will not go into the details of the morphological features of the culture and etiology of the plant name, but we will stop on the peculiarities of growing strawberries (we will use this name as more familiar) from seeds.

How to plant strawberries seeds?

Conditionally, this whole complex process can be divided into several stages:

Choosing berries and workpiece of seed material.
Preparation of soil and container for sowing strawberry seeds.
The germination and stratification of strawberry seeds.
Sowing strawberry seeds.
Picking of strawberry seedlings.
Landing strawberry seedlings into open ground.

Naturally, each phase of this multistage process has its own characteristics and nuances whose knowledge will predetermine the final result.

Consider gradually how to grow strawberries from seeds at home.

Growing strawberries from seeds, preparatory stage

To successfully grow strawberries from seeds at home, you need to pay attention to almost everything: from the preparation of the soil and sowing of seeds before picking seedlings and disembarking seedlings to open ground.

The process of breeding strawberry seeds is a rather painstaking and time-consuming procedure, but, subject to all rules and technological recommendations, success will be provided.

Dates of sowing strawberries from seeds

The landing of strawberries in seeds to seedlings at the end of February or in March, so that by the end of May the seedlings were enough and were ready for landing into an open ground.
If strawberry seedlings are grown for sale - seeds can be heated before, for example, in January, providing additional coverage coverage (about 10-12 hours).
Growing strawberries in greenhouse conditions, seeding time does not matter: sowing can be carried out yearly.

Soil for sowing strawberry seeds

Soil for sowing strawberry seeds should be loose, light and fertile. Ready soil the mixture can be purchased in the store or prepare yourself.
There are several types of cooking soil substrate. The easiest option is to mix the ferrous ground with sand with sand. An alternative to such a composition can be a mixture of peat, sand and a delicate land in a 1: 1: 2 ratio.
Another variant of the nutrient soil substrate will contain the following ingredients: wood ash, humid and garden land in a 1: 6: 6 ratio. Some gardeners prefer a substrate from biohumus, humid and peat (1: 0.5: 1).
For small strawberry seeds, it is important that the soil substrate is finely dispersed and easy, so the mixture is better to sift before planting.
To protect the young seedlings from diseases and pests, cooked soil the mixture is calcined in the oven for about 20-30 minutes. After such disinfection of the soil should "fly away" for 2-3 weeks, so that useful bacteria will be "earned again".
Immediately before planting, the soil shed potassium permanganate solution.

Growing strawberries from seeds: choose berries

For brewing reproduction, we can use you can use your favorite varieties of home or "purchased" strawberries to then remove the seeds or buy ready-made strawberry seeds in a garden store.
Buying cheap seeds of unknown varieties on the market is not recommended, since as a result of large labor costs and time you can get an unsolved fine-forming strawberry.
Another option is to assemble seeds with strawberry berries. At the same time, it is important that the grade does not have hybrid and child specimens possessed the same qualities as an adult plant. Hybrid varieties of strawberries multiply only in a vegetative way.
Some of the best are considered bought in specialized stores or nurseries, seeds of large varieties of strawberries. When buying a seed material, it is important to pay attention to the production date, which should not exceed one year. More "older" copies will have a low germination.

Strawberry from the house seeds can be grown for greenhouse or open soil. Depending on this, the most suitable berries varieties are selected.

Greenhouse strawberry seeds

For year-round fruiting in the conditions of the greenhouse, the seeds of removable strawberries are perfectly suitable, which are capable of re-fruiting throughout one growing period.

Pollination in the greenhouse is carried out artificially, and therefore the transience of the varieties is unlikely. This makes it possible to sow strawberry seeds of different varieties and not be afraid of "unexpected" results.

For greenhouse cultivation of strawberries, the following varieties of strawberries are suitable:

The variety of strawberry "Alba" is an early grade, with large fruits of the correct cone-shaped form. Differs in high transportability and resistance to diseases.
Strawberry grade "Oktawa" - early high-yielding variety of large strawberries. Berries juicy and fragrant, well tolerate transportation.
Sonata strawberry grade is steady-resistant early grades, with a sweet saturated flavor of berries.
Strawberry Mooseph Magomet variety - Early grade, is distinguished by an oval shape of a saturated, dark red berry. High-yielding grade with one-time ripening of fruits.
The grader of the strawberry "Honey" is the variety of medium-sized maturation terms, with large berries of conical shape. Berries have a pronounced strawberry aroma and sour-sweet taste.
Darenka strawberry grade is plentifully fruitful early grades, with sweet berries of the strawberry fragrance.

Strawberry Copta for Cups Gpynta

Correctly selecting the grade of strawberries to fit into open ground, it is possible to ensure the fruiting of the berries within almost the growing season: from the end of May to early September.

The best varieties of strawberries for the cultivation in the open soil are considered to be the following varieties:

Strawberry grade "Zarya" - Early high-yielding grade with bright red mid-sized berries, egg-shaped.
Strawberry variety "Rusapovka" - a lot of seed early grade with bright red round berries. Sweet fruits are distinguished by juit and pleasant aroma.
Strawberry grade "Desna" - early high-yielding grade, with very large ribbed berries. The variety is not transportable.
Strawberry Sortes "Pokalontas" - a variety with the average maturity of the berry of the wrong shape of red-orange color. The taste of berries is sour-sweet. High-yielding grade, transportable. The disadvantage of the variety is considered a mund of berries at the end of the fertility period.

The strawberry grade "Festival" - a variety of average maturation, is distinguished by large-sized juicy berries of the flap of oval form.
The strawberry grade "Talisman" is the average grade of fine-forming berries of the right form. High-yielding grade. The disadvantage is a poorly discontinued awesome.
Sort of strawberry "Zengan" is a medium-bed high-yielding variety of berries with a pointed top. The pulp of cherry blossom, sour-sweet and fragrant.
The strawberry grade "Gianthal Maxi" is a large-scale variety with late maturation. Berries in diameter can reach up to 9 cm. Giant strawberry seeds are characterized by a good germination.

Recently, ampels of strawberries grown on vertical beds are becoming increasingly popular. Seeds of removable curly strawberries can be ordered in specialized nurseries or online stores. According to the reviews of experienced gardeners - innovators, strawberries grown from seeds of this species, is not only practical value in the form of high-yielding large and delicious berries, but also a noticeable decorative effect, while the landing area is noticeable.

How to assemble strawberry seeds yourself?

In order to independently, at home, collect strawberry seeds, first to select the best large berries and give them a little surp on the bush. You need to choose berries with the most developed and healthy strawberry bushes.
After final maturation, the berries are broken and cut off the upper layer - where the seeds are located most. Especially high germination energy are seeds located at the base of the berry.

Photo: What do strawberry seeds look

Then, it should be maximized to separate the seeds from the berry itself. To do this, the cut layer is placed on cotton fabric (or dense paper), close on top of the same cloth and gently disappeared (without damaging seeds).
The resulting cleaner with seeds was washed in water and dried. Dried seeds can be stored no more than 2-3 years in glassware so that they do not spoil and lose their germination.
According to the reviews of many gardeners, seeds collected by the personally, have the best germination than purchased in the store.

Preparation of strawberry seeds

For successful extension, strawberry seeds need preliminary soaking and stratification.

How to germinate strawberry seeds?

Until the passage of stratification, the seeds are soaked, which will accelerate the process of their germination.
To do this, you can take a shallow container with a lid (for example, a plastic container, a flame or a conventional plate), and a soft material (wool suitable, soft filter fabric, toilet paper or cotton woven discs).
The bottom of the container is located thin layer well-moisturized cotton wheels or other material on which seeds are laid out, after which they are covered with the same wet cloth or cotton disk.

Water for soaking is better to use Tluu or rain. Seed varieties used should be signed.
In the plastic container cover there are several holes for the breather of the seed (can be needed by a needle). The container is closed with a lid, and if a plate was used - it is placed in a cellophane package. Thus, it is possible to create the necessary wet microclimate for seeds.
Capacity is left in heat, light room for 2 days for swelling seeds and starting their germination process.

How to hold strawberry seed stratification?

After germination, seeds begin directly to stratification, i.e. Hardening seed material.
This stage of seed preparation in no way should be ignored, otherwise the seedlings will grow weak and little viable. It is possible to stratify seeds in different ways.

The first method is stratification after sowing. To do this, the layer of snow is laid on the layer of the prepared soil, which is laid out, clouded earlier, seeds. The container is closed with a lid (better with holes) and leave in the refrigerator for 2 weeks. If the lid without openings, the container is periodically ventilated. The quantity of the resulting moisture in the container, as a rule, is enough for all 2 weeks, therefore additional moisturizing of the soil is not required. After this period, the container is getting out of the refrigerator and put in a warm place for further germination of germs.

The second way is the usual tempering of seeds. For this, the container with seeds (the same where they soaked) put in the refrigerator for 2 weeks. During the stratification, if the wool or tissue dries away - it is periodically moistened. After the refrigerator, the container with seeds is also placed in a warm place with a temperature of about +20 ⁰C. Periodically, the container is ventilated, but the lid is removed only with the advent of the first sprouts of strawberries.

Sowing strawberry seeds, photos

Strawberry seeds are very small, which delivers many inconveniences in the process of their sowing. For convenience, you can capture the swollen or already proceeding seeds of the wet toothpick (match) or tweezers.

Seed seedlings from seeds can be seeded, living seed material in different packag. You can sow seeds into a common box or immediately into separate plastic cups.

Good results gives extension of strawberry seeds in individual peat pots (pills). In this case, the "tablets" first prepare: poured with water, after which they grow up and are ready for landing. They planted in them (shallow, slightly pressed to the substrate) 1-2 sprouted strawberry seeds. Peat tanks put in the overall pallet (box), closed with a film or lid and leave in a warm place. When dried up "Tablets", they are moisturized with water.

How to sow strawberry seeds?

Sowing strawberry seeds is carried out in a pre-prepared soil (no more than 15 cm thick), which is placed in the selected containers, crushed and smash. The bottom of the container is poured a drainage layer (1-2 cm) of clay or fine gravel.
In the container make shallow grooves, shed them with water and spinning strawberry seeds in them, withstanding the interval between copies, approximately 2 cm. If necessary, preserving the varietality, rows with seeds of different varieties sign.
From above, the seeds are sprinkled with a thin layer of the soil, to slightly impose them. You can not even close the seeds, and slightly press them to the soil. After sowing, the soil is moisturized by water from the spray.

Growing strawberries from seeds: care features

To speed up the germination of seeds, the container or the pot is closed with glass, lid (or film), creating the necessary microclimate. In this form, the mini-greenhouse needs to be tired daily.
If a transparent plastic container with a lid is used, in the lid you need to make holes in advance for air intake. Then, the first few days it can not be opened at all, while the condensed condensate has a beneficial effect on seed germination, providing a wet warm microclimate. Moreover, in terms of the number of condensate, you can determine the need for seeds in moisture: if the dry cover - you should pour seeds, if it is too wet (such that even seeds can not be seen) - it is better to wipe the lid and control the container.

Caring for germinating strawberry seeds

When the first shootouts of strawberries are shown, you do not need to change the conditions to them: open the lid and put it on bright light. From a sharp change of microclimate, seedlings may die. Therefore, the cover is first shifted a little, after addiction you can first set a container to light for several hours, then finally leave on the windowsill. A gradual adaptation of shoots will ensure the continued successful development of strawberry seedlings.

Photo: Strawberry seeds rose

Caring for the sinky seeds is regular ground moistening. At the same time, it is impossible to water the open jet, so as not to wash the ground. It is best to use a home pulverizer. Soil in the container should not disappear. At the same time, the moisture stagnation is also unacceptable and can lead to seeds.
The next, important, factor of the successful development of seedlings is good lighting and warm room. With a lack of light (less than 12 hours), it is necessary to use the shower, otherwise the seedlings will be pulled out and pale. For seedlings, it is better to choose a bright place, but without direct sunlight, which quickly overwhelm the soil. The optimal temperature for germination of seed is + 20-25 ⁰WITH.

Another nuance: if the praised root is visually noticeable in the landing container - it is neatly (so that it does not swam) soil.
The period of germination of seeds from different varieties is different and, on average, takes from 2 to 4 weeks after sowing.

Care of seeding strawberries from seeds, photo

Strawberry seedlings planted in a common container needed picking on separate cups (or peat pills). Patients or weak seedlings during transplantation should be immediately rebel.
For planting seedlings, it is also convenient to use a cassette method of growing strawberries.

Soil mixture for planting seedlings can be used as during seeds.

Preparing individual capacity (plastic cups, cups from under yogurt, etc.), there is a hole on the bottom of each so that the water can not be stamped. Then the bottom of the cup is put drainage - small pebbles, river sand or crushed shell of nuts.
Picking is carried out in the phase of education a pair of real leaves at the seedlings of strawberries.

Before transplanting, the soil moisturizes and slightly loose around the seedlings so that they can be easily removed from the container, without damaging the roots. During the dive, the central root pinch.

When landing into a glass, they make a hole, watering it with water and gently, while maintaining the natural place of the earth, plant plant.
In the process of transplant, it is important not to plunge and not block the soil of the "core" (point of growth) of the strawberry seedlings - so-called. "Heart" with a socket of future leaves should stay on the surface of the earth.
As for the care of the seedle, the conditions of successful cultivation are the same: light, warmth and moisture. But watering the way to sprinkle (as it was done with the seeds) no longer stands so that the water does not get on the leaves of the plant. You need to water the seedlings under the root (better from the spoon).
With the appearance of mold strawberries on young plants, it should be accurately removed, seedlings to heat and dry, resolve the rate of watering and, if necessary, soil to treat with anti-grapple preparation.
After dive, strawberry seedlings are recommended to feed 1 time in two weeks with complex fertilizers containing nitrogen (no more than 10%) and iron (about 2-5%). Water-soluble complexes of "Rasinarin" or "Kemira" with the addition of iron chelate is well-soluble.

Landing seedlings of strawberries from seeds in open ground

During the period of 2 months of seedling, the seedlings of strawberries become strong and developed for transplanting to open ground, permanently.
The main sign of the readiness of seedlings to landing into open ground is the presence of at least 5 leaves on the bush of a young plant, two of which should already be well developed.

Like any other seedlings, strawberry seedlings before transplanting to bed, need gradual hardening. The procedure is carried out for approximately 2 weeks (usually in April), exposing seedlings first to a greenhouse or a glazed veranda. Hardening starts from several hours in a non-heated room and finish fresh air on the street for the whole day (at a positive comfortable temperature). Thus, seedlings are quickly acclimatized to the new, for them, conditions will become rigorous and viable.
When transplanting seedlings to the greenhouse also handle seedlings.
The strawberry seedlings landing can be carried out in May under the film or in June, in open ground. It is not worth tightening with the landing, as with hot and dry June, seedlings will feel bad on the bed.
Seedlings grown in the summer, plant in the open soil in the fall. If it turned out that seedlings in autumn is still weak and not ready for landing into unprotected ground - it is left to "winter" in the pots, indoors.
Replanatory seedlings are best in the evening or in cloudy weather.

For planting seedlings, wells are prepared in the soil, up to 10 cm deep. If the strawberry developed in the cups - the depth of the landing fossa should be greater than 2-3 cm of the height of the cup. At the same time, shaking out strawberries from the cup is not worth it, it is better to make a side cut and gently get a strawberry seedman with an initial earthy room.

The better the room of the earth and the root system during transplantation, the faster and painlessly the plant is taken in a new place.
In the case of growing strawberry seedlings in peat cups - they are pre-swollen.
Having placed the plant in the hole, it is neatly poured up with the earth, compacted and watered.

The distance between the strawberry bushes must be about 30-40 cm, 40-50 cm in the aisle.
When boarding strawberries in early spring, the first harvest (although insignificant) will be able to try in summer. In subsequent years, the yield will increase significantly. Although leave the first colors or not - the question is controversial. Some gardeners still recommend not to regret and turn the primrose to the strawberry bushes as best risen as possible, "laid" a harvest for the next summer and painlessly moved the first wintering.

Benefits of the seed breeder breeding method

Strawberry seeds can be stored for several years and transported at any distances.
Strawberry landing seeds allows you to rejuvenate strawberry bed.
Strawberry seedlings grown from seeds are not infected with diseases, and therefore guarantee high and stable yields in the future.
The seed method of breeding strawberries allows you to get new strawberry varieties.
Plants grown from seeds are distinguished by increased endurance and unpretentiousness.
Most of the grades of strawberries of seeds begin to be fron in the first year after landing.
This method is considered sufficiently cheap, because during the season you can grow a large number of strawberry bushes.

Thus, the reproduction of strawberry seeds requires a special approach to all stages of landing and care for seedlings. As a result, anyone can grow strawberries like a variety at home, and in unlimited quantities.