Potatoes from seeds, landing and care. Growing potatoes from seeds

Potatoes are known to everyone. This culture refers to herbaceous perennial tuber plants with long shoots, has a dark green tint leaflets and light pink or purple panel flowers. Under the ground, the arrows grow from the rod of the leaves. It is over time that turn into potato tubers. On the variations of the cultivation of this culture, we will be told further in the article.

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Seed potatoes - description and characteristics of culture

Culture has the following characteristics and features:

As mentioned above, culture refers to perennials.
Tubers, in fact, are swollen kidneys that are filled inside the starchy substance.
In the above-ground part of the plant contains Solanin, which is considered to be a poisonous substance capable of causeing serious poisoning. There were cases that large cattle who accidentally wandered onto the potato field with these above-ground parts of the potatoes. At the same time, the poisoning was expressed in the form of convulsions, vomiting, diarrhea and violations of the heart and breathing.
If you look into history, even American Indians were engaged in the cultivation of potatoes even before the continent's opening. In the 15th century, the culture was brought to Spain, and later from there was spread throughout the rest of Europe. In Russian lands, potatoes hit the promotion of Peter the first.
Potatoes are very useful. It has water, various pectic substances, starch, organic acids and some other carbohydrates. In addition, it contains fiber, nitrogen compounds, glycoalicaloids, fatty acids, nucleic acids, vitamin C, hemicellulose, vitamin A, PP, K, as well as vitamins of B. In addition, the culture is rich in phosphorus and potassium. From minerals, it also contains magnesium, sodium, calcium, phosphorus, iron, chlorine, sulfur. Microelements - zinc, bromine, silicon, copper, manganese, cobalt, boron and iodine.
Fresh culture fruit is used in cooking as the main dish, and the juice is prepared from it. The best is the potato of pink varieties. Before cooking potato juice, you need to rinse the fruit, clean from the skin, and then recycle. There are several ways to prepare potato juice. For example, you can graze tubers on a plastic grater, and the mass that will turn out, squeeze through the gauze, which is usually folded several times.

Benefits of growing potatoes from seeds

In 80% of cases, potatoes are grown by the usual tube. However, there is another way to plant this culture - from seeds. It is applied quite rare, but gives good results. What are the advantages of using this cultural reproduction technique, let's later tell you:

Saving funds. When growing potatoes from seeds, you save money at the cost of the planting material, because the price of seeds is significantly lower than the cost of tubers.
If potato tubers need special storage conditions, and the premises are equipped for this, then such requirements are not presented to the content of seeds.
Seeds can be kept for a long time (6-8 years), unlike tubers.
The bushes that grew out of seeds give 20% more fruit than those that sprouted from potato tubers.
Bushes, planted from seeds, have a higher resistance to various diseases than those grown from tubers.

Difficulties of growing potatoes from seedlings

Growing potato varieties seeds is quite rare. This is due to the great difficulties of this process. Under the cultivation of seeds is meant, as their sowing directly to the ground and planting seedlings. The main challenges with which the gardener may encounter when growing potatoes from seeds, are:

Too weak seedlings. It has a very weak root system, so most bushes may not survive a transplant, especially in rigid soil. Therefore, if it is decided to multiply potatoes in this way, it is better to do it into a soft substrate until seedling gets strength.
Capricious shoots. Grown seedlings can be influenced by external factors. With the slightest stimuli (irregular watering, reduction of illumination, a decrease in temperature) seedlings can not only slow down its growth, but also to die. With poor illumination, potato shoots begin to stretch up, at the same time the root system remains underdeveloped.
Losses in transplantation. Potato seedlings badly tolerates transplant, so it is necessary to do it very carefully.
The need for continuous use of biological products. And given the prices of these funds, growing potatoes in this way it becomes not particularly cost-effective.

Where to buy potatoes seeds? Buy good planting material is quite difficult. Often this process resembles the purchase of "Cat in a bag". You only need to do this in a specialized store, otherwise the result will be deplorable.

How to grow potatoes from seeds at home

As a rule, the cultivation of potatoes from seeds implies transplant seedlings. The fact is that the landing into the ground does not bring the expected results, since the seeds tribal do not have time to normal proper and give a good result, and there is no point in planting them into cold earth. Therefore, before the onset of the landing period, it is necessary to grow seedlings.

For its cultivation, it is necessary to prepare containers in advance. Space seeds in small cups. To do this, a glass of yogurt is perfect or paper from under coffee. Fortunately, there is a lot of such recycling everywhere. As seedlings are growing, it is transplanted by the method of diving. In order for the potato seeds, it is recommended to use loose and fertile soil. The most optimal will be a mixture of chernozem with peat in proportion 1: 4. To protect the plants from diseases, you can add to the soil mixture of Trehodermine biological preparation. The consumption of its small is just 5 grams per 5 liter of the mixture. Often the seedlings of potatoes sick with a black leg. The reason for this disease usually lies in the wrong irrigation. For the prevention of illness, the soil mixture can be treated with phytoosporin.

Seed preparation:

Survey the botanical potato seeds is necessary at the end of February or in early March. At the first stage, the seeds germinate in a small container. It is placed in a wet rag, which lay the planting material. From time to time, the rag must be moisturized, and the container is discovered for venting. The first sprouts of the best potato seeds appear on 5-6 days after laying out into the container.
Next, the substrate is poured into separate containers to which the gentle elite potatoes seeds are stacked. After that, they are gently covered with a layer of sand. Its thickness should not exceed 1 cm.
In order to moisten the soil, the containers spray from the sprayer and covered with a thin film. This will help moisture to survive more time and create a greenhouse effect inside the container. After that, seedlings are installed on a sunny place.
The soil must be able to periodically moisten so that it does not swam, however, it is not worth overdoing in it, since there is a chance of a disease of seedlings with a black leg. It is also necessary to ensure that the plants have enough light. His drawback will force the stems too stretching, making them weak.
After 25 days after disembarking, the seedlings are neatly dive and planted into large pots. Blow the plant in the ground is necessary for the seedy leaves. As with the first landing, plants need light soil so that the roots do not hurt from the lack of oxygen. As soon as the warm stable weather is established, the pots with seedle can be transferred to the balcony.

Some vegetables make a very rude mistake, spraying seedlings from the sprayer. Do it categorically impossible. The appearance of moisture on sheets can cause a disease with a black leg, which in most cases leads to the death of the plant.

Plant seedlings to open soil at the achievement of the 50-day age. Previously do it is not recommended. Landing can only be done when the threat of frosts has already passed. Seedlings, like potato tubers, planted at a distance of 50 cm from each other and 70 cm between rows. With a decrease in distance between the bushes, the number of tubers will be large, with their size will be small.

The plane landing hole must be a depth of 10 cm. It is 400 grams of humoring and poured 0.5 liters of water. Blowing the bush is necessary for 2-3 sheets. After landing, care for potatoes is not fundamentally different from the care of the lined tubers.

Growing potatoes from seeds in open ground

Since the seedlings of this plant is one of the weakest and poorly reacting to environmental changes, planting potatoes by seeds in the open ground is practiced very rarely.

Planting order:

For such a method, how to grow potatoes from seeds, careful preparation of the soil is necessary. It fertilizes, well purified from weeds. Immediately before the seedlings of potatoes, seeds make holes with rows with a distance between them at 70 cm. A sufficient amount of water is poured, after which the planting material is seeded.
As soon as on plants, 2 real sheets will appear, they are thinned. The minimum distance between the bushes should be 20 cm. Potato care is constantly moisturizing the soil and the fight against weeds. They can cause the death of seedlings.

Clean potatoes in late August early September. However, it is not worth counting on a good harvest. It is mainly used as a landing material for the next year. But after the season, the potato seeds can give a decent harvest.