Broccoli cabbage, landing and care in open soil

If you think about how to plant useful and tasty on your garden, then be sure to remember the broccoli cabbage. This is a wonderful dietary product, which, moreover, is simply a real storehouse of useful vitamins and trace elements. Broccoli is a kind of cauliflower, but many marked it much greater tasteful value than in cauliflower. Broccoli cabbage can be easily purchased in a fresh or frozen form in the store or on the market. But only growing it on their own in her garden, you will be completely confident in its exceptional "non-chemical" composition. At the joy of novice gardens, this kind of cabbage is absolutely unpretentious, and if all elementary agricultural actions are met, you can collect up to two yields for the summer season. Broccoli cabbage is advised to eat as often as possible to all categories of people: children, adults and elderly people. If your usual menu for a week still does not include broccoli, and you have a small garden plot, then be sure to try to grow this most valuable food. In this article, consider all kinds and varieties of broccoli cabbage, ways to landing, secrets of care for her, we will tell about the ways and time of harvesting and much more.

Useful properties of broccoli cabbage

Few people know that such a nondescript and, at first glance, the poor on the composition of the broccoli cabbage is a real source of valuable vitamins and minerals. The homeland of this vegetable is the Mediterranean, where broccoli grown more than two thousand years ago and called "Italian asparagus." The broccoli must be widespread around the world and its "fame" by the Americans who began to actively grow it and export to other countries. Broccoli differs from cauliflower not only to taste, but also in composition, shape of heads, density and painting. However, it has long been studied that according to the composition and useful properties of broccoli is significantly ahead of cauliflower. So, what is such a valuable and important in the cabbage of Broccoli, for which it is worth growing in her site?

• protein. The very first one to mention, and a very important component of broccoli is precisely protein. In terms of its qualities, it can be compared with beef proteins, eggs, asparagus, spinach, potatoes, corn. This protein contains valuable amino acids, which are especially useful to people suffering from heart diseases, vessels;
• potassium. Contributes to the removal of excess fluid from the body;
• calcium and phosphorus. Have a beneficial effect on bone and cerebral tissue;
• copper, iron and cobalt. These elements are responsible for the elasticity of fabrics and improve the processes of blood formation. That is why broccoli must necessarily enter the diet of women who are fighting cellulite;
• vitamins C, E, PP, B1;
• riboflavin, folic acid. These components of Broccoli's cabbage perfectly have a rehabilitation and reducing effect on the organism weakened after illness;
• sulforafan. This organic compound is simply a colossal positive effect on the body. There are studies that confirm even the anti-cancer properties of Sulforafan. It is also useful to people suffering from gastric diseases. To preserve the largest amount of this connection in the broccoli, the cabbage is only easy to stew, but do not cook;
• iodine. The iodine is necessary for the proper operation of the thyroid gland and the entire endocrine system of the human body.

This is not a complete list of all useful components of broccoli cabbage. Of course, for the maximum percentage of the content, it is necessary not only to use broccoli to eat correctly, but also to grow properly.

Photo Cabbage Broccoli

What are broccoli varieties

Broccoli cabbage, which began its history still in ancient Rome, is currently represented by 2 main types:

• collabreza;

• asparagus broccoli or Italian.

Kolabezer has the most commonly recognizable look - Kochan of dense inflorescences, which grows on a rather thick stem. Asparagus broccoli grows thin stems with small heads. It is used in food just these stems that seek asparagus to taste. It is this feature that gave the name this kind. If we talk about broccoli varieties, then they are currently more than 200. In each country, depending on climatic conditions and taste addies, certain varieties are widely applied. In Russia, about 5 varieties of broccoli and several hybrid varieties are submitted to the state register. If you hesitate and do not know what kind of grade to choose for landing, then consider that broccoli can be early, and late and late. Well, of course, each grade individually has its own characteristics. Here are the most popular broccoli cabbage varieties:

1. Grade "Tonus". This variety has excellent taste, is often used in cooking. "Tonus" is considered to be an early variety of from 69 to 89 days before harvest from the moment of severitions. The head weighing about 200 grams has a dark green color and a middle density. Reaches a height of 8 cm.
2. Grade "Broccoli F1".This is a hybrid variety of broccoli cabbage. The head grows quite large sizes and has a malachite-green color. Perfect for a long time. You can use both raw form and prepared.
3. Sort "Lazar F1". This variety is suitable for those gardeners who love overseas yields. This variety needs about 70 days for full ripening. Perfect not only for the preparation of dietary dishes, but also for canning.
4. Grade "Linda". This is another early broccoli variety, which will need, nevertheless, a little more days for full ripening than the previous variety - from 95 to 105 days. After harvesting, namely, when you cut a very impressive head weighing up to 400 grams of dark green color, a few more heads will grow already - up to 70 grams. So, you actually get 2 crops from one plant.
5. Vitamin variety. This early grade also gives two harvest - after cutting the mid-sized heads, scums grow. Since the appearance of shoots and before harvesting is 110 days.
6. Grand "Gnome". One of the few cold-resistant varieties, which also gives 2 crop. The gray-green head has a lot of 300 to 500 gr.
7. Grade "Curly Head." The perfect variety for long-term storage, which, besides, is very resistant to diseases and adverse growth conditions. The head can reach a mass of 600 grams.

Of course, this is not a complete list of all varieties of broccoli cabbage. The breeders have achieved tremendous success in the breeding of new hybrid varieties, which are characterized by high yield and good ability to withstand adverse conditions and diseases.

How to grow broccoli in your garden

Broccoli cabbage can be grown by seeds immediately in open ground, and you can, if you want to get an early harvest, a seaside. If you have a greenhouse, then it makes it easier for you to task. It will not have to have a long time with drawers for seedlings of the house, but to plant cabbage initially in greenhouse conditions, and then transfer to a permanent place of growth in open ground. If you want to raise late harvest, then boldly Seit seeds immediately in the open ground at the end of May. Cultivation of seedlings does not enter into some kind of complex or special actions. All agrotechnical operations are the same as when growing any other seedlings. In this article, we will stop more detail on the cultivation of broccoli cabbage in the open soil.

How to prepare the soil

Broccoli cabbage, though an unpretentious plant, however, has some requirements for its place of growth:

1. The soil must be sufficiently loose, fertile, neutral or with a weak alkaline pH.
2. Important for successful growth of broccoli has what plants have grown to it in this place. It is undesirable to be repa, radish, radishes and any other kinds of cabbage. It is better that carrots, potatoes or legumes grow to the broccoli cabbage.
3. Early broccoli varieties love places protected from winds and drafts, and Land-related, on the contrary - well-ventilated areas.
4. Broccoli cabbage does not require sun protection, as it makes cauliflower, for example.

Some gardeners believe that it is necessary to prepare the soil to plant the broccoli in the fall. To do this, they are well supporting the soil with potash and phosphoric fertilizers. It can be a potash nitrate, manure or superphosphate. If the soil is on your area sour, then it is advisable to conduct a lime. For this, it will be very good for the shell from chicken eggs. But, if you did not help the soil in the fall in the fall, then it is quite possible to fill the lack of nutrients and trace elements in the soil immediately before landing.

How to prepare seeds

If you have already chosen the future bed for sowing broccoli and supported the soil, then it's time to proceed to the preparation of seeds. Your actions should be as follows:

1. First, it is necessary to warm up seeds in hot water (48-59 degrees) for 20 minutes.
2. Then soak seeds in one of the solutions to choose from: boric acid, mangalling, infusion of ash. In order to cook solution of boric acidYou will need 0.5 cubic acids per 1 liter of water. For cooking Martanutov's solution Take 1 GG of mangartee on 1 liter of water. The infusion of ash is preparing for such technology: 1 st. Long ash add to 1 liters of water and leave it to be for 2 days. Seeds are kept in such an infusion of 5 hours, then dried and evisted.

How to sow seeds

1. To begin with, you need to decide on the landing time. This is a very important factor when landing broccoli immediately in open ground. This is usually done from the first decade of May and until June 20. In our non-permanent and changeable weather conditions, the arrival of warm weather can be very lined. Look at the state of the soil: if it is already warmed up under the sunny rays, you can begin to sow seeds. Choose a day with cloudy and windless weather.
2. If autumn you did not prepare the soil, i.e. No fertilizer such as nitrogen and potash, superphosphate, did not conduct the misery, do it immediately before landing broccoli.
3. The wells are made at a distance of 35-40 cm, and between the rows make a distance of 50-60 cm.
4. Do not instill seeds too deep: shoots will be uneven.
5. Like any other plant, broccoli after sowing requires watering.
6. If you are still afraid of frosts, then build a mini-greenhouse for broccoli: secure polyethylene on the fixed arcs.

Cabbage Care Broccoli in Open Ground

Watering and broccoli care

As soon as the shoots appeared and were well rooted, your broccoli care activities will not represent something new in the leaving of the plant.

• Timely watering is a guarantee of good growth, and then harvest. Broccoli loves enough wet land: 12-15 cm of soil from the surface should be constantly wet. It is better to produce in the evening and every other day. If summer is very roast, you can watered daily to 2 times a day.
• Timely weeding from weeds is also an important factor of a rich harvest. So, you are not only protecting the plants from pests and save on possible diseases, but also provide the necessary space for broccoli growth.
• Soil looser after each irrigation will provide a good air flow to the roots and will allow to maintain the land always in a loose and easy state.
• If the seedlings suddenly grew often, do not forget to go out.

Undercalinking broccoli

If your neighbor always grows up good and large cochanists of broccoli, and you cannot boast so much, think about the correctness of your porcock scheme of broccoli. No matter how fertile and fertilized before landing is soil, in the course of further growth of broccoli still requires feeding. So, you exactly get a good and rich harvest and, perhaps, not one over the summer. So, how do you need to feed broccoli cabbage and, most importantly, what?

• The very first feeding need to spend immediately after sowing seeds or disembarking the finished seedlings into the ground. To do this, you will need urea solution (2 tbsp. On 1 water bucket).
• The second feeding is desirable to spend during the formation of the Kochan itself at the cabbage. Dissolve 2 tbsp nitrophosphate and 2 gras of boric acid in 1 bucket of water. This volume of fertilizer is enough for approximately 5 plants.
• Optionally, it is possible to periodically water the plants of the dung alive (1: 4).

We collect a crop

It seems that there may be a complex and incomprehensible harvest of broccoli cabbage? But not so simple. It is very important, not to miss the moment of ripening the head and prevent what it blooms. If small yellow flowers appeared in the kochene, this means that the cabbage was overripe, and is not suitable for processing.

Ripened kochan cabbage should be green. It is necessary to cut it together with the central stem on which it grows. This stem has good taste and is also suitable for eating. Collect the harvest is best in the morning. If you have ripened the early broccoli, do not expect that it will be stored for a long time. Such varieties are better to immediately eat or freeze. But late satisfied varieties are quite suitable for storage. You can store broccoli into refrigerators or basement with zero temperature for 2-3 months.Do not hurry also to throw broccoli after collecting the main harvest. Even the plants ridden from the ground can tie a few more heads, thereby give you the second harvest. If the cabbage is not ripe, but the frost came, they simply transform it to the greenhouse.

How to assemble seeds from broccoli cabbage

Seeds can be assembled not with any broccoli cabbage, but only with the one that was planted in the last days of April or early May. To do this, you just need to leave one plant and do not cut the head from it when it matures. Leave it and take care of the cabbage further: water, if necessary, tie. At approximately at the end of September, when the seeds become black, cut the seeds. Seeds need to dry carefully in a cool and well-ventilated room.

Hazardous pests: how to recognize and how to deal with them

Broccoli cabbage, like any other plant, can be attacked by various pests. Some of them are very dangerous and can completely destroy the plant, without allowing you to get a harvest, others are not as dangerous, but they still can cause significant damage to harvest.

Cruciferous flea - one of the most dangerous pests for broccoli cabbage

At no time, there is simply a huge number of different pesticides to fight with practically with any pests. In their correct and timely use, the plant will not only get rid of pests, but will remain harmless to people. But, as you know, any prevention is better than any treatment. Constantly inspect your plantings in the garden. The earlier treatment started, the more chances you will save the plant. Among the most famous and dangerous pests, broccoli cabbage can be distinguished by the following insects:

• caterpillars, snails and slugs;
• cabbage wave;
• cabbage mole;
• cabbage fly;
• repon Belyanka;
• cruciferous flea.

If you doubt the choice of means to combat some pest, please contact specialists, consultants in specialized stores. Feeding an improper means of struggle You not only do not get rid of the pest and do not solve the problem, but you can make eating such cabbage dangerous to human health.

Observing all the proposed recommendations on landing and leaving for broccoli, you will definitely get a chic harvest of one of the most useful and valuable healthy vegetable. Improve yourself and your close opportunities to eat fresh vegetables from your bed!