An increasing number of gardeners begins to be carried away by growing grapes: the area for planting culture expands, amateur viticulture is gaining the rates rates, and the range of berries is constantly updated.
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The geographical conditions of our region make it possible to successfully cultivate grape varieties, due to which many hybrid species appear. That is why it is very important to armonize knowledge before going to the fair and buy grape seedlings.
Quality of grape saplings
Grapes are not only a tasty and useful product, but also the decoration of any country area. Professionals-breeders and lovers-lovers are in need of new varieties of plants, trying to achieve the fertility of culture and maximum unpretentiousness. At this point, the novice gardener arises the question of which to buy grape seedlings? What kind of preference is preferred, and for what criteria it is worth assessing the planting material. An unsuccessful choice will bring moral dissatisfaction along with cash costs. So, seedlings are divided into 4 varieties. Consider more detailed varieties:
- elite class;
- first grape variety;
- the second grade of seedlings;
- non-confeds.
Elite class saznutsev
This plant grade is distinguished by at least 4 roots on a sapling, the thickness of which is at least 2 mm. Each root is evenly located in the barrel. In addition, the thickness of the vine should be at least 5 mm, and the length of mature growth is more than 25 cm. Landing seedlings of the grapes of this category is suitable for industrial viticulture, since the fruits are used to make the best brands of wine. The growth rate is much higher than other species and the rate of fruitiness has a higher coefficient.
Seedlings of the first grade
These plantations are characterized by a sufficiently good increase, which is formed by one or several shoots at once. As in elite seedlings, the thickness of the strain should be at least 2 mm. The roots are in relative uniformity of the trunk circle and are calculated by the amount of at least 4.
Secret grapes
Saplings of this variety include plants that, in terms of growth rates, the development of the root system and the quality of fruits do not meet the requirements of the first class. For the second variety, plantings that have at least 3 knots of ripening increase, as well as at least 2 developed roots at the base of the barrel are characterized.
Non-conformation saplings
These categories fall into this category, in which for certain reasons weakly caused an increase or not formed at all. Such shoots are called non-thendition. As a rule, they are thrown out as poor-quality material or leave for time so that they do.
Children's novelty
Due to the ever-improving results of breeders, many amateurs were able to replenish their collective stock by an impressive amount of hybrid species and valuable grape varieties.
Being in search of a suitable place where to buy grape seedlings, among the vineyards you can find such terms as "promising" and "supernovy" species. At the same time, in amateur practice, farmers allocate new, supernovy and zoned varieties of plants. Consider the most important differences and characteristics of each of the presented varieties:
- New types of grapes are breeding plants that grow in private collections for about 20 years without changing the environment and natural climatic conditions of habitat.
- Supernova forms are recently derived varieties of plants that differ significantly from previous analogues. They exceed the other types of grapes on ampelographic characteristics, growth rates, the quality of berries. Mark "Supernova" denotes that this type of seedlings 5-8 years old have grown in private viticulture in various climatic regions.
- The zoned types of grapes are varieties that have been tested in amateur cultivation. They also received positive ampelographic characteristics, grown under certain conditions of the climatic belt for at least 20 years.
Factors for seedlings
If you intend to purchase green grape saplingsThen, when examining seedlings, you need to pay attention to such aspects:
- boxing or seedling container is usually made of polyethylene filled with drainage layer and slightly wet soil;
- through the plastic layer, it is necessary to consider the root system of the plant - there must be no less than 2 or 3 white roots;
- mandatory factor - the presence of a special tag, which indicates the grade of plants and brief instructions, how to plant seedlings;
- the trunk should have at least 3 major recently blossomed leaves.
If you wish to buy seedan, then such features should be taken into account when choosing a plant:
- the trunk must be smooth, strong, without traces of mold, outgrows, dark spots and seals;
- a high-quality seedlove has a brown color, in length reaches 20 cm, and on the stamma there should be about 3 roots;
- also a sign of good plantings is the tag, I indicate a grape variety;
- the root system must be developed, without unnecessary thickening and growths;
- the kidneys of seedlings in natural form have a brown tint, and their number must be at least 6 pieces.
CHARACTERISTICS OF COLLECTION SAZENTIVS
The priority task when choosing a grape seedling is to determine the purpose of the plant and the direction of its cultivation:
- table grapes, which is used for consumption in the fresh form;
- technical varieties used for amateur or industrial winemaking.
Depending on these factors, you can start choosing a plant variety. To do this, it is necessary to take into account the fundamental characteristics of the grade of the plant. Consider them in more detail.
Sorry frost resistance
The general classification by crushing criteria divides grape plantings for such types:
- seedlings with increased frost resistance;
- larous varieties.
However, there is an important note: table saplings are somewhat inferior in wine in terms of resistance to low temperatures. This is due to the fact that when they are breeding, the main attention is paid to the appearance of the berries, the originality of taste characteristics and aroma. Due to this, they are more appetizing, but less cold resistant. When choosing seedlings, the optimal option is complex-resistant types of grapes or hybrid forms.
The most common vegetable grape seedlings with high frost resistance are such a variety as:
- Pearls Saba;
- Aligote;
- Rkaziteli;
- Sauvignon;
- Pinot;
- Muscat;
- Suruchensky white;
- Riesling Rhine;
- Saperavi.
Grape Culture Growth
When choosing a variety for amateur viticulture, such a criterion should take into account such a criterion as the power of growth. From this will depend on the fertility of the grape seedling, care, the planning of the vineyard and the qualitative characteristics of the crop.
According to the growth intensity varieties vary on:
- slaughter forms;
- high-spirits;
- middle growth varieties.
Often saplings glotor-like type Characterized low yields. Usually they are planted in ordinary landings of medium density, where low supports are equipped - up to 1.7 meters. Significant formations such seedlings does not give.
For Sylopal grape saplingsAs a rule, it will be necessary to install high supports up to 3 meters, as well as large power areas. Mature plants are distinguished by high yields, however require an impressive reserve of many years of wood and a solid shaped haircut of the bush. The value of heavy varieties is also ideally suited to decorate arched openings and occupational conversations.
Mattering Saplings It combines the characteristics of a relatively low yield of the fruit, while for them will require careful diet and forming plants.
Features berries
After interest grape was selected considering the characteristics of fertility, hardiness, growth and so forth, it is necessary to finally decide the optimum one, depending on the quality of the fruit -. Their color, shape, taste and size. The main factors that should be considered:
- The best technique for selection of seedlings - demonstration on of vineyards on the already ripe berries, so as you can see firsthand the advantages of varieties. When viewing the vineyard, pay attention to the presence of botrytis, cracking fruit goroshenie ovary.
- It is advisable to select varieties with berries maximally large size, as dense and juicy pulp is the main indicator of quality.
- Fragrant berries generally have not elite and the first and second grapes. Therefore, if your selection criteria - a subtle and delicious smell, then give preference to smaller fruit.
Time to buy seedlings
Once they had identified the optimum grape variety, you can safely go for purchase. Also in this process should take into account a number of subtleties:
- The optimal time to buy seedlings - autumn. It was during these months, you can choose fresh seedlings. For example, the spring may be slightly seedlings dry or have frostbitten roots, due to the peculiarities winter storage.
- Also in the autumn it is possible not only to choose a fresh sapling, but also to see the variety of ripe berries firsthand.
- Finally, the roots of the vine trees in the winter can be a little grow.
In addition, the autumn planting allows them to take root and spring, they start to grow along with other shrubs. It should wrap them in the winter to avoid freezing. When planting spring, on the other hand, even the most prosperous seedlings can markedly stunted and begin to bear fruit much later.
Detailed instructions for the selection of seedlings is shown in the video:
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