How to crop cherry

A delightful juice of sweet fruit makes her desirable in any garden. But cherry has one unpleasant feature - very strong growth. Shaped cherry cherry is quite difficult. Instead of cut escapes, others grow up, even longer. The yield of sweet cherry depends on the number of annual branches and budget branches - it is precisely for them formed fruits. These features determine the basic rules of cherry trimming.

Cherry - tall tree. To reduce the Stam, you try to use dwarfs. Nevertheless, even such methods do not reduce the height of the tree. It is easiest to form a cherry crown by the wall, in the form of a fan, while the wall should be high enough.

Objectives and importance

Lovers gardeners can leave trees without trimming for free growth. Because of this, you can observe the prohibition of the crown. Inside such a crown due to lack of illumination, fruit branches die. In addition, there are little kidneys on the shaded fruit branches, and the fruits are low quality. The thickened crown creates favorable conditions for diseases and pests.

Based on the foregoing, it is difficult to overestimate the importance of trimming fruit tree. The use of trimming for sweet cherry.

• the dimensions and shape of the tree largely affect the yield of many varieties of sweet cherries;
• the quality of fruits depends on trimming: the taste of berries is significantly improved, their sugarity;
• the likelihood of diseases is reduced;
• pruning, as rejuvenation, extends the years of the tree's life;
• the winter hardiness of the fruit tree increases.

In advance should be outlined what you want to achieve trimming. The cutting technology directly depends on the tasks set. Mostly want to achieve the following goals:

• ensure light access to all parts of the tree crown;
• formation of a beautiful crown, resistant to external factors (wind, for example);
• do not give a tree to grow overly; For cherry, this is especially important because it does not have lowered catching; otherwise access to the fruits will be limited;

If the pruning makes the right way, the forces of the tree will be directed to the side branches, which are just the same give a large harvest.

Cherry trimming time

The trimming of a young tree is carried out annually in several stages. The pruning is especially important in the first year of growth. A fruiting tree is cut only in order to remove thickening and damaged branches. When the fruits begin to fine, it is necessary to rejuvenate the crown in February-March.

There are different opinions about when cutting a cherry. Some believe that the best time for trimming is the early spring. Others protrude for the autumn trimming. Experienced agronomists recommend trimming a mixture of two or three times a year. Let's figure it out in all over and against the various sorts of cherry trimming.

• There are different opinions on how to crop the sneaker in the spring - to Sokotivagna or after. Spring trimming, which is carried out before Sokotvatiya, by the time the kidney swelling is convenient because the crown is clearly visible. It should be trimmed when spring frosts passed. Even the night frosts will not be better in the results of the trimming. If you want to achieve the best ingrowth of the Russian Academy of Sciences applied by trimming, pruning should be made at the beginning of the vegetation, after the appearance of the coilment. At this time, the skeletal branches are usually produced.
• Summer trimming is carried out in two stages. The first stage after flowering before the start of fruiting. The tops of the young (this year) of green shoots can be trimmed in the first decade of June. Sometimes this reception awakens the outlet of the side shoots this year. The inappropriate shoots can be removed in the summer, if it is immediately seen that they grow too quickly or not to the other side, which is desirable for the formation of the crown. Removing branches along with the harvest will allow the tree to quickly avoid cuts. The second summer trimming is carried out after harvest.
• A more profitable is the autumn trimming of cherries, which is carried out already after the festivation of foliage, since Krona is well visible. However, it should be remembered that after the end of September the wounds heal slowly.

Principles of the formation of the crown

If the side branches depart from the tree under an acute angle, such a crown is considered unhealthy. In the case of mechanical load, the branch is decaying, tearing the wood of the trunk. Also in a narrow place of the connection is collected moisture, which attracts parasitic mushrooms. It is in such places that the tree is infected with a rotor, opaque or bacteria. Branches layered under an acute angle should be completely deleted.

The lateral branch, leaving at a wide angle, more than 50 °, allows the tree to form durable and homogeneous wood at the branch connection site. Therefore, such branches are withstanding a larger load.

It is the danger of laying branches leaving under an acute angle that serves the main cause of the trimming of the branches of the first years of the tree of wood. It is impossible to shorten the branches, it is necessary to make a plan in advance how to cut a cherry. Cut forward the crown according to the cutting technology.

Important! Incorrect trimming or strong shorting will detain fruiting for 1-2 years.

Prothesiment by proclaiming

This method is called crossing annoyance. From the kidneys after that the side shoots come out. When increasing the growth on the remaining branch, it is worth removing two lower kidneys, otherwise branches that are leaving under an acute angle will grow.

• Weak shortening; This removes only one fourth part of the length. Awaken upper kidneys. Sailing from side kidneys go under an acute angle. Have a great power of growth.
• Middle shorting. Crop the half of escape. Sailing of side kidneys overlook less than a sharp corner. Have less powerful strength, but greater fruitiness.
• Strong crustaceans - more than half of the annual growth. Side shoots should appear from all preserved kidneys. The angle of dulling branches from the main escape will be almost 90 °.

If you doubt how to proper a cherry, take advantage of the average shocking of the one-year increase. This is a basic trimming, which always gives good results.

Crunching by Brunner

It is used to remove a large branch. If you immediately cut the entire branch, the same growing branches may appear on shift. The Brunner method shares this process into several stages.

1. On the branch that you want to remove, cut the horizontal side branch almost completely, leaving two or three kidneys. And the branch itself is cutting off half.
2. After a couple of months, the main vertical branch can be cut to the horizontal branch. And the side shoots left the kidneys of the horizontal branch will take effect of growth after trimming.

Other crown formation methods

In the event that the crown is too thickened, the discharge method is used. At the same time, the branches are removed entirely by achieving the slurry of the crown.

In addition to directly trimming to the forming crown, the methods include partial trimming, load hanging, lingering, fixation with clothespins. Such gentle methods allow you to send branches under the required angle without trimming. These methods are especially useful in the event of poor growth of the branches of the young tree.

Such ways are successfully applied on young shoots. Old branches are poorly podiatile to fixing methods. The fixation of the branches helps not only to form the right crown, but also to force the growing branches to be fron.

The flexion of the branches begin in July. In the frosty winter days this procedure must be suspended, as the branches can break. The end of the flexion can be stopped in the spring, before swelling the kidneys.

Trimming young trees

Saplings of sweet cherries are produced in one years. When landing, such seedlings need to be cut into 90-100 cm. But if the height of the seedling is less, in the first year the pruning is passed. Trimming an annual seedling should be carried out early in spring.

In the young age of cherries, the cherries grow quickly. The fruction zone moves up, so it is desirable to spend the trimming of the young treet twice a year, and even adding summer. Mainly applies a weak trimming of annual growth, designed to accelerate the fruiting of cherry.

The forming trimming of the young tree continues until the crown is fully established and depends on what kind of crown you are going to do. You can learn more about how to cut a cherry watching the video.

Crucification of sweet cherries by types of formed crown

1. Fan crown.

The process of forming a fan crown is carried out in stages. Pruning is made in the spring, until the kidneys dissolve. The main ribs are formed from two strong branches, located one opposite the other. For this, the support rails at an angle of 35 ° are fixed. The main ribs are tied to the slats to obtain the desired angle of deviation of the skeletal branches. The central conductor must be cut completely to one of these branches. All other branches are removed. Wounds need to smear Garden Warr.

For the second year, both branches selected as the main edges are shortened to 30 cm. Only suitable kidneys are left on the remaining place. Such a trimming will cause the appearance of new shoots that will form the basis of a fan.

On the third year in the spring should shorten all the increments to comfortable kidneys. From the new increase, no more than 40-50 cm. In subsequent years, in the spring, remove the increments directed towards the wall or from it. In the summer it is necessary to shorten all the side shoots that will not participate in the formation of a skeleton, up to six leaves. Branches above the walls should be cut to its edge. In the autumn, shorten all the side shoots, in which the growth points in the summer, to three leaves were removed. It should stimulate the bookmark of fruit kidneys at the base of such shoots for the next year.

2. Custoid crown.

The cherry grown by a bush has a short central conductor, on which the main branches are located, about a dozen. Branches are sent to different directions, uniformly placed in space. Krone reaches 3 m in height. It looks like a ball. Such trimming is used for low-suite varieties.

In the first year, pruning is made early in spring. The crown is formed by shorting to three-four conveniently located kidneys. The purpose of such a trimming is to get three or four-four-four-four-four branches of the first order. In the first year, remove all the flowers. Soothes down the trunk shorten up to four leaves. They will strengthen the trunk until he has reached its thickness, approximately the fourth year.

For the second year, the spring is cut off by half every increment on the external kidney. For the third year, six-nine well-located skeletal branches are chosen. Such branches are cut, leaving approximately 60 cm of the growth of last year. The side branches are shortened to three kidneys. Vertical side branches (wolfs) should be completely removed, because they grow out spoil the shape of the tree and do not participate in fruiting.

3. Rolling-long crane.

Start the formation of such a crown from one year old. The village below the meter is not shortening, and above the meter is shortened to this height. Next year, two or three skeletal branches remain on the first tier. The tops of these branches must be cut on one level relative to each other. The central conductor is cut, if it grows up above 1 m. The extra branches are shortened by half. With a very thick crown, you can cut extra branches on the ring.

In subsequent years, each tier is laying for one branch less than in the previous tier. The distance between the tiers should be left at least 50-70 cm. In the final formed trees there should be three tiers: the first tier 3-4 branches, the second 2-3, the third 1-2.

After joining fruiting, limit the crown thinning. In weak grants annual branches more than 60 cm shocked on a quarter-third of their length. If you cut short branches, this will lead to a crop loss, so short branches do not touch.