Dutch tulips, landing and care. Rules of landing and care for Dutch tulips

Dutch tulips are unpretentious and incredibly beautiful flowers that are enjoying in great demand. Due to the variety of colors and varieties of tulips can make any sector of the garden in unique. It is easy to grow these flowers, but they look very impressive.

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Description of Dutch tulips

Tulip - a perennial plant of the kind of bulbous, family of Lily. "Tulip" translated from Persian means "Turban", this name flower is obliged to its unusual form. Plant height - from 10 cm to 1 m. The root system is formed by the apparent roots.

The stalk plant is a reprehensive, the leaves of the elongated shape have a wax flare. Dutch tulips are opened on a sunny day, and at night or cloudy weather closes. The size and color of the flower depend on the grade of the tulip.

Why are the Tulips - Dutch?

Tulips began to grow in Persia, and then - in Turkey, where numerous sultan wives diluted with these beautiful flowers, competing among themselves for her husband's love. In Europe, avid collectors were ready to post any amount for the new grade of the tulip.

But the palm of the championship in a crazy race for new varieties of tulips by right goes to Holland, where the cultivation of these colors is equal to the cult.

Interesting! The volume of tulips exported from the Netherlands alone is three-quarters from the volume of all the tulips sold in the world.

In the park Kyykenhof, in the center of Holland, every year is carried out a grand exhibition of tulips with magnificent compositions and representation of new varieties.

And the Dutch flower boom began with a single person - director of the Botanical Garden in Vienna, the Dutchman on the origin, the kelpier. The Austrian ambassador sent a few plants from Turkey to the Viennese Garden of Klaziuus, and the tulips conquered him with their beauty. The director began to breed these flowers and send them acquaintances in Holland, and in 1587 he returned to his homeland and opened the Leiden Garden of Tulips.
Catchy Dutch quickly saw in tulips source of income and began to breed them in large quantities for sale.

This historical period in Holland is called "Tulipania". People spent the state and listened to all the sake of rare varieties of these colors. Residents even sold each other after a few hands of receipts to the right to purchase bulbs, not imagining how these tulips will look like. Some riskers, less successful - ruined.

Finally, in 1637, the Government of Holland was forced to adopt the law on the ban on tulips concerning transactions. The economic situation was gradually leveled, and tulips in Holland became simply an important exported product.

Varieties of dutch tulips

Parade of colors in Kökenhof Park is an unforgettable sight, in which hundreds of varieties and varieties of tulips participate.

Here are the most common varieties of modern Dutch tulips:

Oxford - red flower with yellow bottom.
Temple of Beauty - Large Red Buds in Lily.
Gray - purple-blue flower.
Hamilton - Yellow bud with fringe on petals.
Lambada - pink bud with yellowish edging petals.
Chrismas Marvel is a dark pink large flower.
Triumph - flower with smooth shapes of buds.

Famous Dutch company "D.V. Lefeber ", producing tulips, often gets new varieties, crossing them with wild tulips from Russia. The names of such varieties are associated with our country. For example, there is a grade "Yuri Gagarin" or "Big Theater", and in 2010 a new type of tulips was introduced, named after Svetlana Medvedev.

Interesting! A triumphant variety of Dutch tulips is a black tulip. Danchanin Herrt Hageman was able to get a flower of deep black in the winter of 1986. Before him, more than 3 hundred years and about 4 hundred thousand dollars were unsuccessfully spent on the elimination of such a tulip.

Landing of Dutch tulips

The planting material is the bulbs of tulips, it is the bookmark and the development of future beautiful colors. The success of the entire process of growing tulips is mainly dependent on the quality and proper planting of the bulbs.

Choosing a place and planting material

For tulips, an unchanged place with fertile soil neutral acidity and a small level of groundwater will be suitable. The Earth needs to be prepared - make it loose and well permeable for air and moisture. If the soil is clay - it is better to add more sand and peat, as well as humus. The selected bed must be exploded and leave for settlement on one day.

Tulips bulbs need to be disassembled in size, removing damaged or very small seedlings. Sort by size helps in the process of landing, further care of tulips and when digging the bulbs after flowering.

With good bulbs, you need to slightly consider the top layer of husks, this will allow you to see imperceptible foci of damage to the planting material, and in the future the purified bulb will be easier to absorb nutrients. Then it is necessary to wash the material with a solution of potassium permanganate or a special disinfecting solution "Maxim".

Important! Only one contaminated bulb may in the shortest possible time to heat the whole bed, so it is necessary to carefully select and process the planting material.

Landing in the soil in the fall

It is in the fall that experienced gardeners are planted with tulips, this is their difference from most garden plants. Such a feature is related to the fact that in natural natural conditions, the bulbs are actively developing in the cool periods of time. Wild tulips bloom immediately after melting snow, fade by fly and hide in the bulbs to form a new life. Therefore, natural cooling of planted bulbs in the autumn months leads to active growth and blossom of tulip in spring.

Important! The cooling period is necessary for the whole family of bulbous for the proper development of the flower.

It is necessary to pick up such a time to the bulbs:

sprouts did not allow too early, otherwise they may die from the first frost;
we managed to get comfortable to frosts, otherwise the flowering will be weak and late.

The appropriate period for the autumn tulip landing is the second half of September or the first half of October, when the temperature of the soil at the depth of the bulb (about 15 cm) will not be lower than +10 C.

Landing in the soil in spring

It is preferable to plant tulips in the soil in the fall, it is a more natural way for them. But there are quite a few supporters of the traditional for flowers of the spring landing. In addition, often after buying bulbs it is no longer possible to get out of the cottage, and only the variant of the spring landing remains.
With such a landing, unpretentious tulips also grow up, only the period of flowering them is later.

It is possible to speed up the process by creating artificial cooling on the bulbs before planting in the ground. For this you need:

put the planting material for one night in the refrigerator, but not in the freezer;
rinse with potassium permanganate solution or drug "Maxim";
board similarly autumn.

The process of spring landing of bulbs should happen no later than the end of April. If spring was cold. That tulips can be planted first in the box or other capacity, and on the occurrence of heat - to transplant into the ground.

How to plant tulip bulbs

On the prepared garden, it is three times more to make a hole in a depth of three times than the average size of the bulbs (for three heights). The distance between adjacent plants should be twice as the diameter of the bulbs.
In each well, pour a little sand - the sand pillow protects well from diseases.
Lower the bulbs in the well, slightly press and sprinkle on all sides ash or the same sand.
Purplus the plant of the earth and to break the bed with rakes.

The first watering is required not earlier than in one and a half weeks after disembarking the bulbs.

Dutch tulips care

Plated tulip bulbs need to be protected from cold. For this, after the onset of sustainable freezers, the garden with plants need to be covered with dry leaves, sweetheart, peat or straw. You can also sit in the garden with snow. Insulated material will interfere with tulips sprouts, so in the spring it should be removed.

Protection against rodents and diseases

The main enemies of Dutch tulips are rodents. There are several effective ways to protect plants from them.

Place next to the Tulips of Narcissus - the bulbs of this flower are absolutely indifferent to the rodents, since their composition enters the component of different mice.
To put among the tulips several plants of Chernelin, from which mice are also held in the distance due to its prickly and sharp seeds.
Use traps and mousetrap.
Resort to the help of rodent chemical drugs.
Select the landing time period when the main migration of rodents is completed - for example, the first weeks of October.

If the garden plot is rich in pests such as bear, root mites, fault or slugs, then the use of insecticides is necessary.
For the prevention of diseases peculiar to tulips - gray rot and fusariosis - mineral fertilizers contribute to the flowerbed and provide high-quality soil drainage.

The disease is the most dangerous for Dutch tulips - a virus of palpoles. It manifests itself in the form of spots and strips appearing on the petals and leaves. This disease is not amenable to treatment, it can only be prevented by buying landing material from proven suppliers.

The tulips affected by the spells remains only to dig and burn, treating the potassium permanganate solution used when tools.

Feeding and watering tulips

In the spring, it is recommended to feed Dutch tulips three times:

when the flower grows up to 5 cm (option of feeding - nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in proportion 2: 2: 1);
at the beginning of the boutons (the same solution in another ratio - the fraction of phosphorus and potassium increases 1: 2: 2);
two weeks after the start of the bootonization (solution of potassium and phosphorus in a 1: 1 ratio).

Growing tulips is a simple matter. It is only necessary to ensure timely watering, loosening and weeding weeds. During the bootonization and flowering, the abundance and regularity of watering should be increased.

After the end of flowering, watering should also be sufficient to formed healthy strong bulbs. The soil must be moisturized for the entire length of the root system. Therefore, the estimated amount of water flowing - 20-30 liters per 1 sq.m.

Important! During irrigation, it is necessary to carefully ensure that the water does not fall on the tulip leaves, otherwise the plant can get a burn. When scattering dry types of fertilizers is also important to dry leaves. When contacting water and fertilizer, a gentle leaf will receive strong damage.

Dutch tulips digging

At the end of the flowering period, a whole nest of small bowls is formed on the site of each bulb, which will interfere with each other and pick up nutrients and moisture. Therefore, most gardeners recommend digging tulips.

The optimal time for spraying the bulbs will be prompted by the appearance of the above-ground part of the stem - it must get yellowed, but not completely dry. For medium latitudes, this is the second half of June or the first half of July. It is better to drag into dry weather. Carefully digs the bulbs. You need to choose a place to store them.

Important! In order for the plant to have enough strength and nutrients on the formation of a good-quality bulb, it is necessary to break several buds at the stage of blooming.

Storage of Lukovits Dutch Tulips

Tulips hiowers will be well stored in a dark closed room without moisture access and at a temperature of about +20 C.

The preparation of the planting material consists of several important actions.

Dug-off bulbs need to dry for several days.
Available nests Disassemble on separate lows.
Believe the top husks and roots.
Soak in permanganate potassium or "maxim".

Prepared planting material decompose on drawers and remove storage.

Important! The landing of tulips bulbs for the next season is better to produce in a new garden location. Bulb plants are easily susceptible to viruses remaining in the ground. The previous landing place is cleared only after four seasons.

Beautiful legend says that in the closed bud of the tulip hid happiness and get it could be someone who revealed tender petals. But it did not work in force to deploy a bud until he opened himself in response to a child's smile. Together with tulips, the sincere wishes of happiness are given. With proper landing and minimal care, these magic flowers will delight you and your loved ones every spring.