Hypadastrum, landing and care in open soil. Flower Hippeastrum in Open Soil: Landing, Care, Growing

Hippeastrum is a famous indoor plant, which, as it turns out, can be easily grown in the garden or on the flower bed. Gippeastrum bloom, bright and long, in truth, unforgettable spectacle! But even without flowers, juicy green belts prominent leaves in two rows will decorate any household plot or lawn. How to achieve a gippeastrum blossom in the open soil? How to grow on the plot is a decorative plant and, what care to provide it? All about landing and leaving the hypipersome - read in this selection of material.

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Hypadastrum in open ground, plant description

Plant Hippeastrum refers to the amarylline family. This gene is represented by perennial bulbous cultures.
Lukovitsa Hippeastrum is more commonly rounded shape and rather large size, reaches from 5 to 10 cm in diameter. From the sides, the bulb forms subsidiaries that are subsequently in reproduction of perennial. From the bottom, the bulb has a small base, the so-called. Damets, from which the beam of the cord-shaped roots leaves. It is noteworthy that, the older than the bulb - the more her Donets. On the edge of the Donets, the bulbs are formed numerous apparent roots.

Leaves have long, flat and linear leaves. On average, the length of this belt of the prominent sheet reaches 60 cm, the width is no more than 5 cm. The leaves are located in two rows, opposite each other. The coloring of the sheet plate is most often the usual, green, although there are varieties of a hypipestrum with a reddish brown tint. In an adult plant, it is possible to see a clear alternation of leaves consisting of 4 leaves and the 1st bloomon: first there are 3 sheets with a closed base, then 1 - with an impected vagina, from which it begins to form a compliance. Such an alternation is called a cycle.

The flowers are growing only after complete the elimination of the leaves of their cycle, i.e., when the leaves of the next year of the growing season appear. Thus, experienced flowers in the number of leaves can accurately determine the amount of inflorescences.
The inflorescence of the umbrella is formed on a long (40-80 cm), floor of the color. Hippeastramma's bush releases long alert "arrows" with a lush umbrella at the end. The inflorescence consists of 4-5 large flowers resembling "gramophones" and reaching up to 20 cm in diameter. Flowering on the flower begins, about the second half of summer. It is especially luxuriously a plant when several color lines seated with bright flowers are formed. In the open ground, in contrast to the room conditions, the hypipers are blooming longer, about 3 weeks.

Gippeastrum flowers have characteristic of the genus funnel -ide or tubular shape. Coloring flowers, given a huge species and variety variety, may be the most diverse: red, cherry, white, pink, orange and even greenish. At the same time, multicolored splashes or strokes may be observed on the petals.
The fruit has a form of a three-stranded dry box filled with flat dark seeds "Cries". The collected seeds possess almost 100% of the germination.
The average life expectancy of one bulb ranges from 10 to 20 years, and the first time the bulb forms a flowerclosure with future flowers only on the 4th year of the plant's life.

What is the difference between Hippeastrem and Amarillis?

Often, Hippeastreum is confused with a plant similar to him - Amarillis, from the same family. The confusion is explained by the external similarity of these related crops. But, in fact, these are two different plants representing two kinds of the general family.

The genus Amarillis, a native of South Africa is presented with only two species of plants.
Hypadastrum is an extensive genus, includes more than 90 species of plants. The natural area of \u200b\u200bgrowing culture is the tropical and subtropical regions of America.
The main morphological features on which these plants can be easily distinguished:

floweros (Amarillis is above, the bugger shade, at the hypadastrum - more often green);
inflorescences (Amarillis color of flowers is preferably red - pink shades, the palette of the palette of the paints is much more diverse);
leaves (Amaryllis, they appear only after flowering, hypadastrum flowers in deciduous condition);
lukovitsy (Amaryllis they have a pear-shaped form, at the Hippeastrum - rounded).

Hippeastrum, interesting facts

The unusual name "Hippeastrum" is translated from the Greek as: "Cavalier" and "Star", because Blooming Hippeastrum really looks like bright stars. In this regard, the flower is often referred to as the "Cavalry Star".
Hippeastrum fell to Europe from South America in the 16th century. Since then, the perennial enjoys special love and popularity among flower flowers.
The first hybrid form of the Hippeastrum appeared in 1799, the plant was named after its breeder - the opener - "Hippeastrum Johnson".
In Russia, Hippeastrums were brought in the middle of the 19th century. The first representatives of the genus arrived in the St. Petersburg Botanical Garden.
Hippeastrum is a well-known room flower, which, as it turned out, can be successfully cultivated and in the open soil. Often, the perennials are grown as a retine culture to a particular holiday.

Hypadastrum in open ground, variety varieties

The hypadastrum type includes a little less than one hundred species of plants and more than two thousand varieties. Such a variety variety allows you to satisfy the needs of even the most discerning flower.

In the culture, approximately 200, most successful, varieties and hybrid forms of hypapestrum received the greatest distribution.

The varieties differ from each other near the signs: the size, shape and painting flower, flowering timing, other external morphological features. Based on these differences, all varieties of hypipestrum are classified in 9 groups:

Warranty hypipestrupers.
Hypadastrum - hybrids with long tubular flowers.
Hypadastrum - hybrids with orchid prominent flowers.
Hypipestruma - hybrids with terry flowers.
Hippeastauram - Hybrids with Amarillis.
Hippeastastrum - hybrids with a hypipestrum "Regina".
Hippeastruma - Leopold hybrids (one of the most popular groups).
Hypipestruma - hybrids with miniature flowers.
The remaining varieties and hybrid forms.

Consider the most popular and beautiful varieties of hypipestrukum.

Hippeastrum Leopold.

Common variety in culture, with long belts prominent leaves and a strong two flowering flowers. Natural Area - Mountain Peru. Social decree. Flowers color - red white with greenish core.

This type is widely used by breeders to create new varieties. One of the most famous - "Gippeastrum Butterfly", which received its name thanks to the exotic color of petals resembling the butterfly wings.

Gippeastrum spotted.

Low plant (up to 50 cm), with long leaves and two flowering flowers. Furious flowers are painted in greenish cream tones with numerous small red splashes.

Hippeastrum nouguing.

The culture reaches a height of up to 90 cm, the blooming forms from 2 to 4-flowing motley color. The inflorescence is painted in green, yellow, red and cherry tones with numerous stripes and splashes. Leaves have a grayish green shade. Flowers hypadastrum in spring, in nature grows in the forests of South Brazil.

Hippeastrum Royal.

The height of the plant is about 30-50 cm. Linear lancing leaves are narrowed at the base. Coloros forms 2-4 blasting flower. It features red color of inflorescences with a whiten star pattern in the center of the language. The historic homeland of this type of hypipestruser is considered Mexico, Brazil, Peru and Central America.

Hippeastrum nets.

The low look, growing no more than 30-50 cm in height. Lancing leaves, thin, not long (about 30 cm). The color of the inflorescence is predominantly raspberry-red tones with dark streaks.

Gippeastrum reddish.

Plant height is about 40-60 cm, leaves and blooms are about the same length. Coloros carries from 2 to 6 flowers. In culture there are several varieties of a reddish gippeastrum with various coloring inflorescences, from yellow-red to lemon yellow.

Gippeastrum elegant.

High plant (up to 70 cm) with belt prominent leaves and flowers forming 4 funnel -ide large flower. Color color can be pale yellow or white green. There are varieties with purple splashes or strokes on petals. Natural growth area is North Brazil and Colombia.

Hypadastrum striped.

Tall variety, reaching a height of up to 100 cm. Leaves are also long, the belt of the prominent form. Coloros forms 2-6 flower, lilac pink tones with white stripes.

Hippeastrum Harrison.

The variety is distinguished by beautiful white flowers and contrasting, red, lines walking in the center of each petal. Plant demanding to moisture.

Hippeastrum Nelson.

Rare, but surprisingly beautiful variety, with creamy petals and brightly vapors. The center of the zea is painted in green.

Hippeastrum Argentinean.

A variety of snow-white inflorescences and a pleasant gentle aroma. Petals in a flower corrugated, with a pointed edge.

Where to buy and how to choose Hippeastrum?

By purchasing the seating material, it is important to pay attention to the bulbs of the hypipestrum are dry, solid to the touch, without damage and mold.

The scales on the bulb should be dense, golden brown shade.
The roots on a healthy bulb will be elastic, without blazing and signs of rot.
It is also worth viewing the cervix and the diacon of the bulbs, which should also be strong and dense, without darkening or reddish spots.
The presence of reddish dots on the bulb indicates signs of fungal disease. From such a purchase it is better to refrain.
Buying Hypadastrum is best in specialized flower shops, botanical nurseries or proven, with a good reputation, online stores.

Hippeastrum, landing in open ground

The cultivation of the hypipestrum begins with its correct landing. To do this, it is important to choose the best and most comfortable place for planting the plant, as well as prepare a properly gardening and bulbs.

Location and time of landing Hippeastrum in Open Soil

Lightweight culture, hypadastrum, needs a well-lit place. Therefore, the landing place on the flowerbe should be open and sunny. Light openwork half-night is also allowed. In case of insufficient lighting, the leaves of the hypipestrum will be pale, and the blooming starts stretching up. If you land the bulb in a complete shadow, the plant, it is unlikely to bloom in general.
Do not land on bulk culture in places where water can be stood. Excessive moisturizing and stagnation of moisture is fraught with ationing bulbs. If the soil is heavy and dense - sand or minor sawdust is added to it.
The landing time, most often, falls on May month, when a positive temperature is finally established, and the threat of frosts. If, after the landing, the weather has changed, and it's cold on the street - the flowerbed should be closed with any observer material.

Preparatory work for landing in the soil Hippeastrum

Before planting a lover of a gippeastrum in open ground, a landing site should be prepared. The ground on the plot fertilize with a compost, peat, overwhelming and wood ash. Grocery is dripping and smoothed.
As for the soil for landing of the hypapeastrum, the best option will be nutritious, light drained soil. The optimal index of soil acidity should be about 6-7.5, so the peat is better to use neutralized. To reduce the level of acidity in the ground, bone flour is added.
Before landing, check and prepare the seating material. If the roots of the bulbs dried or there are damaged areas, it should be conducted a number of "resuscitation" actions. For this, all dry, dead roots are removed, and damaged areas are cut off. The location of the cut from the bulbs is necessarily poured by a powder of activated carbon or treated with a fungicidal solution.
The bulbs are cleaned of dead scraps (those that are easily separated), and disinfect them in potassium permanganate solution (manganese) for 30 minutes. After the bulbs are dried - they can be planted in an open ground.

Agrotechnical landing in Open Gipers Gippeastrum

For planting a garden plant, wells are prepared, which can be shed a weak solution of manganese. The depth of the well depends on the size of the bulbs.
When landing, the upper part of the bulbs should remain slightly on the ground surface. At the same time, from above, you can pour a hormicle from wood sawdust.
Adults of the large lifts of the hypipestrans are planted with an interval of 15-20 cm from each other. Small babes of the hypipestrum are located closer, every 3-5 cm.
The layer planting scheme of the Lukoveastrum can be different, depending on the desire and designer design. It can be a familiar row, located, for example, along a garden track or a group lined with a thick "bunch".
Often, floweries are transplanted by room guiphastrum (for the summer) to open ground. This procedure has a wellness and rejuvenating effect on the plant. How to transplant Hippeastrum? There is no difficulty in this. A hole is preparing, as described above, and the plant is planted for a new place.

Hippeastrum, plant care in the open ground

How to care for a hypiperm? What care to provide a plant planted in open soil? In principle, the rules for the care of garden hypadastrum differ little from the room "pet", but some features and differences are still available.

Watering Hippeastruma

Like any other bulbous plant, Hippeastrum prefers regular, but moderate watering.
Watering is especially important during the period of active vegetative growth of plants and the accumulation of nutrients.
Drought and lack of moisture adversely affects the development and flowering of culture.
At the same time, moisture stagnation and excessive moisturizing can be destructive for the bulb of the hypipestrukum. In such conditions, the rapid development of rot or other diseases is possible.
In addition to irrigations, it is necessary to remove the weed grass around the plant and prevent the formation of a dense soil crust. The soil flushing after irrigations will prevent the formation of the crust and ensures optimal air permeability of the soil.
To preserve a wet microclimate, you can climb the soil around the flower with sawdust or decorative wood bark.

Putting fertilizers and feeding guipoasterma

During the period of active vegetation, the plant needs fake. Once in 1.5-2 weeks, the hypadastrama is alternately fed by mineral and organic fertilizers.
Special complex fertilizers intended for bulbous crops are used as mineral feeding. At the beginning of the growing development, nitrogen-containing fertilizers add to the soil; During flowering and active vegetation, potassium phosphoric complexes are best made.
From the organic, there will be preferable: wood ash, vegetable compost, reworked manure. If the soil before boarding was enriched with appropriate fertilizers, it is not necessary to get involved in the frequent application of organic additives.
Fertilizers are always correlated with watering, thus ensuring the best and timely delivery of nutrient elements to the roots of the plant.
Approximately 1 month before the planned extraction of bulbs for the winter (for storage during resting period), all the feeding stops.

Fighting diseases and pests of Hippeastrum

The pests of the hypipestrum can be: torment Cherberry, onion tick, amarylline worm, wrest or funked.
When lescriminate the plant, the spots appear on the leaves, brownish spots appear on the leaves. White stains indicate a hypadastrum infection with a torrential Cherver. The cause of fading inflorescences, yellowing and softening of foliage may be trips, an amarylline worm or a bulbite tick. To combat pests, appropriate insecticides (accomplishing, carbofos) are used.
The most common hypadastrum diseases are: fuzariosis, stagnasposition (red burn) and anthracnose.
Signs of stagnaspose disease is the appearance of crimson spots and strokes on the leaves and flowers. In this case, the above-ground part of the plant becomes a flabby, growth slows down. The same signs appear in the defeat of the culture with a gray rot. To treat the hypipestrans, it should be removed all the affected parts, and the plant itself is treated with foundazole.

In order to prevent the plant infection with such diseases, the safety rules should be observed when boarding a bulbous culture: to choose and disembark only healthy specimens of bulbs, handle the bulbs before planting a fungicide or soak in manganese, not to blow the bulbs when landing. In addition, it is important to ensure the competent mode of care, prevent moisture and stagnation of moisture, not to overstat the soil with nitrogen-containing fertilizers.

Preparation of Hippeastrum for Peace Period

When Hippeastrem plowed, and the leaves wished and faded - the time of preparation of the Lukovizer Hippeastrum to peace came. This period falls on the middle of the autumn, when the first frosts did not come.
The bulbs of the thermo-loving plant dig out and leave until spring for storage in a dry cool place.
It should be noted that after the flowering of the gippeastrum, gradually reduce the rate of irrigation, and in the fall and it is stopped at all. The feeders also suspend a month before "wintering". These events are important for the preparation of the plant for the rest period.
The procedure for extracting the bulbs of the hypipestruaster is not complicated: the bulbs dig up, shake off the soil, remove the remains of the leaves, after which they leave them dry in a dark dry place.
After drying, the bulbs separate children, sorted in size and sent to storage at a temperature of about 12 - 15 ⁰WITH.

Hippeastrum, breeding methods

Hippeastrum multiplies with seed and vegetative ways.

Seed method of breeding Hippeastrum

The seed method of reproduction is a time-consuming and long-term process, used, as a rule, breeders to remove new, hybrid varieties.
As you know, the reproduction of seeds does not give 100% guarantees to the similarity of the parent and subsidiary.
A plant grown from seeds will bloom only for the 5-6th year.

Considering that some forms of hypipestruaster - self-polishing plants, for the appearance of seeds, artificial pollution of plants should be carried out.
When a seed box begins to crack - you can collect seeds. After collecting, seeds come through, selecting the largest and dense instances. Long to store the seed material is not worth it, because He quickly loses his germination.
Seeds are planted into a light soil substrate or leave in a wet environment to germination. When the root appears, the seeds are planted into the container.
Care of seedlings includes the provision of container with seeds, light and heat (20-23 ⁰WITH). Moisturize the soil is best with the help of a spray gun.
As the seedlings are risked and seed into separate containers.

Vegetative method of breeding Hippeastrum

This method of reproduction is considered easier and affordable. At the same time, the plant fully retains signs of parental form.
If "kids" are formed on the bulb - they are separated (when digging the bulbs) and plant sit apart separately. Every year, "babes" grow, and already for the 4th year, Hippeastrum can please be blossom. Caring for "kids" in the open soil is no different from the conditions of cultivation of adult plants.

Another way of reproduction is the division of the bulbs, but this method is not too popular, because You have to cut a healthy bulb, which after that may get sick and the abyss. If it is decided to use this method, in the uterine (thoroughly washed), the bulbs first cut off the high dont, then cut the bulb vertically to 8-10 parts. It is important that the resulting segment of the bulbs was at least 1-2 cm. After that, each segment is again cut into several divisions, including 2 scales. Before boarding all the decenes are treated in any fungicidal solution. Prepared decene sit down in boxes with light nutritious and wet substrate (perlite, sawdust, sand, peat) for further germination. The substrate thickness must be at least 10 cm. When landing, the decene does not plunge, leaving 1 \\ 4 part on the surface. It is important to maintain soil temperature within 22-23 ⁰C and provide landings regular, but moderate watering. About a month later, subsidiaries are formed on the decenes, and after 3 months, full-fledged daughters are ready for transplant.

Problems when growing hypipestruaster

What if the hypipers do not bloom?

There may be several blossoms. If the plant is actively increasing the leaf mass, but does not "produce" the bloomon, perhaps the bulb is still small and is not ready for such a responsible moment as blossom. The bulbs, less than 6 cm, are not large enough and you need to wait a few seasons so that they rose and increase the corresponding volume. Such instances is important to provide regular feeding of nitrogen-potash fertilizers.
Another option is lack of inflorescences - lack of light and nutrients. Such a flower should be transferred to the sunny place and provide him with regular feeding.

When the buds started, you need to cut the flowerons?

The switched and faded hypadastrum buds are best to cut together with the flowers, in order not to weaken the bulb and do not waste her forces on unnecessary processes.
Cut the blooming, leaving about 10 cm from the neck from the neck of the cervical. If, in the preparation of bulbs for the period of rest, the bloomon turned out to be soft and slug - the bulb is amazed by any disease. Such a landing material is best separated from other bulbs and to process a fungicidal preparation.

Thus, it is absolutely not difficult to grow in its plot and accessible to each wishes. The main thing is to know the key landing rules of the plant and carry out all the necessary agrotechnical measures to care for the bulbous culture.