Gelenium, landing and care. Features of gelenium, description of its main species, agrotechnics of growing in the open soil

Any passionate flower is trying to create a unique and bright design on its plot, which will delight the eyes throughout the year. The most spectacular part of the whole design is blooming plants that easily turn the usual site into the accumulation of all sorts of paints and shades.

Flowers for their site should be chosen in such a way that they bloom continuously, from spring to late autumn. Especially pleased with autumn flowers that allow you to extend warm summer days. It is to such blooming plants that refers gel'enium - bright golden or orange flowers, creating a whole shining sea of \u200b\u200binflorescences, soaring in the autumn garden. Gelenium, Posad and Care in the open soil for which it will not be difficult, will become an excellent element of landscape design.

This article will talk about the peculiarities of this unusual plant and its main types and varieties. We also consider the main nuances of agrotechnics of growing gelnium.

Features and description of gel'enium

Gelenium is an annual or perennial herbaceous plant, which belongs to the large astera or complex family. To date, the genus of this culture has about 30 species, from which in gardening is used and is grown only 5. The territory of Central and North America, mostly Western part of the United States, is used in horticulture and is grown in gardening. These plants feel great on wet meadows and swamps of this country, from where the culture and gained their distribution worldwide. However, in Russia, gelenium does not use much popularity, which is very sad. After all, this flower has a very spectacular and bright appearance and allows you to extend the summer heat and paints to the very late autumn.

Like the beauty of this plant, there is a legend of his appearance on Earth. According to the ancient Greek myths and legends, the name "gelenium" received a plant in honor of the wife of the ancient Greek king Menel Elena, who was abducted by Paris. Tsarevna sat in the precipitated three and all the time crying. And on the spot where her tears fell, bright golden flowers appeared.

Geleenium description:

Gelenium is a perennial herbaceous plant, but it does not have a perennial root.
In the fall, all the stems and roots of gelenium die. But thanks to the young underground kidneys, a socket with new leaves and roots is formed on a one-year stem and roots. In fact, this plant has no bush, but is represented by a large number of single-beam plants.
Gelenium is a tall plant that can reach a height of 160 cm.
Stems upright, very branched at the top, weaven and thickly covered with leaves.
Leaves oblong, lanceal. In the root part, they are located on the cutters, and in the upper - they are seated. On the stem are located next.
On one stem, a large number of inflorescences can be simultaneously.
Gelenium flowers are thyroid inflorescences, ramashk-like, in the middle part slightly convex.
In the form of flowers can be terry or semi-marked, it all depends on the specific variety.
The flower consists of edge tongue petals of yellow, orange, purple, brown shade, as well as from central tubular yellow or brown.
The gelenium has a wonderful aroma that the bees attracts.
Blossom starts at the end of summer and lasts to the most frosts. It has a sufficiently long period.
The fruit of this plant is an oblong seed.

A variety of types and varieties of gel'enium

In total, there are about 30 different species in nature, which constitute a few genus gelation. However, for landscaping and decoration of the plots, only five are used: gelnyium autumn, gelium hybrid, gelium Hu, gelium Bigelou, gelium spring. Let us consider in more detail each type features.

Gelenium Spring

This is a perennial herbaceous plant.
In height can reach 1 m.
Stems straight, branched at the tops, thick covered with leaves.
Oval shape leaves, lanceal, dark green.
On the tops of the shoots are formed solitary flowers or collected in thyroid inflorescences.
Flowers in diameter reach 7 cm, orange.
Blossom is long, starts in mid-May and lasts a month.
Very cold-resistant look, even Siberian frosts without covering are perfectly withstanding.

Gelenium HPA

This kind of geleenium is sometimes called Gups.
In nature, this plant prefers to grow on rocky hills in North America.
A perennial grassy flowering plant with rhizome.
Height can reach 90-100 cm.
Stems are straight, in the upper part is strongly branched.
Leaves are oblong, green with a grayish tint.
Flowers are single, form at the ends of the stems, in diameter approximately 8-9 cm.
Gelenium Hup flowers yellow golden inflorescences.
Blossom begins at the end of June or in early July.

Hybrid gelenium

This type includes plants of decorative varieties that are obtained by crossing various species, the main of which is the gelenium autumn.
All varieties of this group of plants are characterized by a height, colorful colors and leaves.

Popular hybrid gelness varieties:

Grandgeon variety. A very tall plant that can grow up to 130 cm. Flowers in small colors, up to 3.5-4 cm in diameter. The flower petals are reddish-yellow, and in the middle of yellow with a small brown tint. Blossom begins in July, lasts about a month.
Grade "Goldlaksverg". This plant is formed by reprehensive stems that can reach a meter height. Flowers are small, 3-4 cm in diameter. This gelenium grade flowers orange-brown shade with yellow tips.
Rotgaut variety. An herbal perennial plant, at a height reaching about 120 cm. Blossom starts in July with dark red flowers with a brown tint.

Gelenium autumnal

It is the most popular and widespread in the gardens of Russia as gel'enium.
The natural area of \u200b\u200bhabitat is the territory of North America, namely wet meadows and swamps.
In landscape design, the gelium autumn is applied from the 17th century.
The stalks of the plant are strong, weathered, reprehensive, in height can reach 2 m.
The stalks grow very tightly to each other, thereby forming a colon-like bush.
At the top of the shoots are very branched.
Flowers of small size, up to 6 cm in diameter. They bloom at the end of each branched escape, so during flowering the entire bush is richly covered with bright golden flowers.
Blossom begins in August and lasts for a month.

Popular Gelienima Autumn:

Grade "Magnify". Refers to the lowest varieties of gel'enium, height reaches a maximum of 80 cm. Flowers with bright yellow flowers with the same yellow core. Inflorescences reaches 6 cm in diameter.
Catarina variety. Tall grade gel'enium, which can grow up to 140 cm in height. Edge petals of yellow shade, and central - brown. This grade blooms in August.
Grade "Superbum". Flowers up to 160 cm high. Flower with golden colors from mid-August.
Variety "Altgold". The average height plant, in the garden can grow up to 90 cm. Inflorescences are small, only 6 cm in diameter. Edge petals of yellow with unusual reddish strokes, middle brown. Blossom starts at the end of summer.
Grade "Di Blonde". Tall flowers that can reach 170 cm. Saving straight and strong, form a dense bush. Inflorescences are small, only 5-6 cm in diameter. The color is reddish brown.
Grade "glutuuga". Different with low growth, bright red flowers with the same red core. The diameter of one inflorescences is 6 cm.

This is only a small list of gelenium varieties that are perfect for decorating your site.

Methods of breeding gelenium

All types of gel'enium can be breeding in several ways: seeds, dividing bush and even stalling. The most simple is the seed breeding and division of the bush.

Reproduction of gelenium seeds

This method is suitable if you do not care to keep all the maternal varieties. In addition, this method is more laborious.

Seeds of gelenium have a very low germination, it does not matter to sing them immediately after the assembly or after some time.
It is best to take seed seeds to seed out, so you can get strong and healthy seedlings that better fit into the open soil.
Severy seeds at seedlings are best in about February.
However, before 1-1.5 months, the landing material must be stratified. To do this, in the container you need to pour soil and sow seeds from above. After that, all the container is wrapped with a film and put in the refrigerator. And after 1.5 months, get and placed in heat.
The rest of the seeds should be under artificial lighting and comfortable temperature. Optimal for germination of seeds is the temperature of 18-22 degrees of heat.
The first shoots will appear within 2-3 weeks.
Care for young seedlings is to maintain comfortable temperature, watering and timely picking.
When there are 2-3 leaves on seedlings, they can be searched into separate pots.
Looking out seedlings at a permanent place in the open ground can be in the early summer.

Gelenium reproduction by dividing sockets

This method is the easiest and use of almost all experienced gardeners who are engaged in breeding gel'enium independently.

All cholenium bushes consist of a large number of independent single-drone plants, which together form a colonum shape of the plant.
Once every three years, and it is possible and more often, each healenium bush must be divided into several parts, since by this period the number of stems can reach 30.
Conduct the reproduction of the plant by dividing the bush in spring and autumn. However, more optimal time is still May.
You need to carefully dig up an adult gel becher and divide its roots into several parts. For this you do not need to make any effort - the bush itself decays on leaf outlets.
After that, each decene put on a pre-selected place.
With this method you are rejuvenating adult plants, increase their decorativeness.
Grilled flowers in this way will bloom only next year.

Pencornia reproduction

The reproduction of gel'enium cuttings can be carried out at the time of active growth of stalks.
To do this, you need a sharp knife to cut the cuttings with a length of about 10-12 cm.
After that, they can be treated with a special solution of the rooting agent, such as roots.
For the appearance of the roots of the cutlets can be placed in water, and you can burst into the soil in the greenhouse.
After the appearance of the roots, young seedlings are planted at a permanent place in open ground.

Stages of preparation before landing gelenium in open ground

Preparation Before planting a plant is a guarantee of obtaining a strong and healthy flower in the future, which will be an excellent decoration of your plot. If there is still no beautiful flower on your site and you won't get the planting material from where it is important to purchase high-quality seedlings in the store. Also consider all the features of the plant and pick up on your site the most suitable place for its active growth.

Stage 1. Selection of seedlings

Buy gelenium is best seedlings in separate containers in specialized stores. It is better to refuse to purchase landing material in the natural markets or from strangers, so you risk getting low-quality material.
Before buying, find out the consultant all the features of growing a variety of gel'enium.
It is also important to carefully inspect the seedling. It should not be any damage, signs of diseases or pest appearance, dry soil in the container.
When buying a seedling of gel'enium, you need to take into account the future location of plants. More tall grades are purchased for single landings or landing along the fence, and low-grade varieties - for the framing of flower.

Stage 2. Selection of places for landing gel'enium

The gelenium is a very decorative plant, so the perfect place for its full growth will be a well-lit plot. It is in such conditions that you will get a beautiful plant with abundant and bright flowering. However, this culture feels nicely in light half.

When choosing a place for landing gel'enium, take into account the garden composition and you have plans. With these bright colors, you can greatly decorate the unspoken buildings or fence, and lower varieties can be used to framing borders.

Stage 3. Soil preparation

This culture feels perfectly on fertile, lungs and water-permeable soils. The soil must have a weakly acid or neutral reaction. Gelenium is an unpretentious plant, but it is best to prepare the soil before landing. It is important that it is drained, since the waters of the roots are also destroyed for gelness. The selected area you need to move well about the bayonet shovel. When cultivating the soil, you can add some compost, as the plant is very well responded to the introduction of various nutrients.

Gellenium landing technology in open ground

Optimal time for landing gelenium in Open Ground May or beginning of June. It is at this time that the threat of return freezers disappears.
For several days, the soil at the landing site is drunk and fertilized by a compost.
Before boarding, it is also necessary to prepare gelinium saplings. To do this, they need to carefully get out of the containers and omit for some time into the container with water so that the roots absorb as much moisture as possible. Approximately the time spent in water should be 5-7 minutes.
Next, on the prepared place, dig up the landing pits. Their size should be twice as bigger than the root seedling system along with an earthen room. Saplings must be planted not deeper than in a pot.
If you sit down several seedlings nearby, then it is necessary to observe the distance between the landing pits and rows. Between the colors of gelenium should be at least 30 cm, and between the rows - at least 35 cm.
At the bottom of each pit, you can put a drainage layer, which will prevent the accumulation of moisture from the roots. As a drainage, it is recommended to use clamzite or broken brick.
Next, in each landing pit, place plants seedlings and sprinkle them soil, carefully tamping your hands.
After landing, the surface around the plants should be closed to prevent the evaporation of moisture. As a mulch, you can use a dry peat or humus.

Geltenium growing agricultural equipment: Features and secrets

The landing of gelenium will not be much difficulty even for beginner flower water, but even this unpretentious plant requires attention and continuous care. Throughout the season, the plant needs a rich watering, loosening, feeding and prevention of pests and diseases.

Watering Gelenium

The care of gelium includes regular and abundant irrigation. In a natural environment, this culture prefers to grow on wet meadows and swampy shorts, so on its site you need to create exactly the same conditions. The soil around the plant should always be in a slightly wet state, since the dry substrate does not endure this plant. In the arid summer, the amount of irrigation increases. Some gardeners are recommended to give preference to a drip watering method.

Loosening and mulching

Despite the fact that gelenium loves moisture very much, the excessive stagnation of water at the roots and stems does not carry it out. Therefore, after irrigation, it is periodically recommended to loosen the soil around the bushes to saturate it with oxygen. To reduce the amount of weeding and loosening, it is important to constantly plug fresh mulch. As a mulch, you can use dry peat, sawdust or humus.

Podchar

For full growth and lush flowering gelenium, it is necessary to feed throughout the season.

The first feeding should be held in early May. It is during this period that the green part of the plant begins to grow actively. It is important to help gelenium urea and any complex liquid fertilizer. You can also use a cowboat solution.
The second feeding is carried out to stimulate the bloom of gel'enium. You need to take 10 liters of water and add about 1 liter of a korovak solution there, at one stage of Agrikola-7 and Agricol fantasy.
The third feeding is carried out after flowering and it allows the plant to gain strength before winter. For the fertilizer of gelenium during this period, superphosphate and potassium sulfate are used.

Trimming and transplanting

If you want your gelium to be more lush and please you with abundantly blossom, then in early summer it is advisable to carry out a small trimming. In the course of her slightly remove the tops of some shoots. It is also important to delete the blurred buds in time, thereby stimulate the growth of new ones.

Once every three years, the plant needs to transplant and disassemble. Every year the plant has more and more stems and there is a threat that young kidneys can go to the surface over time. Therefore, it is necessary to dig a plant and divide it into several outlets.

Fighting pests and diseases

The gelenium is characterized by good resistance to various diseases and pest appearance. However, sometimes the bushes of this spectacular flower may be amazed by chrysanthemate nematode. When it appears on the leaves and buds of the plant, brown spots appear, the flower ceases to bloom. To combat this worm, it is necessary to drop all plants with hot water, approximately 50 degrees, and sprinkle with the soil with lime or gray.

Preparation for winter

Before the onset of frosts, approximately in October, all stems of gel'enium must be trimmed. Place of growing plants must be meditated. As a mulch, natural materials can be used, such as peat, moss, sawdust, fallen leaves. Alternatively, the plant can be covered with nonwoven material.

Using gelenium in landscape design

Gelenium is perfect for decorating and landscaping. There are several options for using it:

Tall geleniums look great in single landings on a lawn background.
This plant of high varieties can be used to decorate unsightly walls or fences, as well as to create a small alive blooming hedge.
Lower gelation varieties are suitable for the framing of garden tracks or borders.
High and low varieties are used to create flower beds. In this case, tall flowers are planted on the back background, and the lowered - on the front.

Stock Foto Gelenium in landscape design

More clearly to see all the features of the use of gel'enium in the decoration of the site can be on the presented photos.

Use gel'enimum for landing along the fence

Growing gel'enium in combination with other plants

The use of gelenium in single landings

Gelenium is a bright and spectacular flower, which will help you create a kaleidoscope of golden shades on the autumn area, thereby extending the heat of summer.