Spruce spruce, landing and care. Features of the spruce, the main types and agrotechnics of cultivation

Still a century ago, spiny spruce was a big rarity on the territory of our country. It was planted for decorating the main squares and before administrative buildings. Now this evergreen beauty has become available to many.

It is ideal for landscaping urban streets, for decorating a plot and to create alive hedges. Spiny fir, thanks to its bright and unusual needle, will make your garden unique at any time of the year.

In this article, we will consider the main features of the barbed ate, we will know its types and varieties, as well as reveal all the nuances of agricultural machinery growing by evergreen aristocrats.

Features and description Eli barbed

Spruce spruce is an evergreen coniferous tree, which belongs to the family of pine. Its name in Latin sounds like Picea, which in the translation denotes "resin". In our country, such a fir was used to calling blue, although she had a completely different name in her homeland. Spruce Colorado - so-called this evergreen beauty in the territory of the western part of North America, for the states of Utah and Colorado, this tree is their symbol. It is there that there is a limited habitat of ate spin, where it grows on the mountains and rocks on a decent height above sea level.

Description Eli barbed:

It is an evergreen coniferous tree.
Greens up quite high wood. In nature, the height of the ate of a barbed reaches up to 30, less often 46 m. \u200b\u200bIn the landscaped design, spraychable can grow up to 20 m.
It grows quite slowly - for the year only 5-8 cm.
Fir spine is distinguished by a long life - can live in one place to 300 years.
The diameter of the trunk is also very impressive - can reach up to 1.5 m wide.
The main decoration of the barbed ate - needles, which has the most diverse color with the mandatory admixture of shades of blue. The color of the needle can be silver, blue, silver-green, white. Barbed spruce is one of the most popular in our gardens.
The length of the needles reaches 4 cm, it is the spiny among all representatives of the pine family.
Branch branches spruce grow vertically up or at a low angle, differ in density. Therefore, this tree is perfectly holding a form.
Crown ate is dense, slim and has a conical shape. Due to which she is so loved by landscape designers. However, with the age of Krone, Eli Kolyach changes its shape to cylindrical.
Flowers spruce in May-early June.
Mature cones have a light brown color and in length reach 7-11 cm.
The root system of spraychable surfaces and it is necessary to consider when landing.
The needles of this spruce are covered with a wax raid, so it can grow perfectly in urban air conditions with different levels of pollution.
Spikeful spruce numbers about 50 varieties that grow in nature. However, decorative varieties are used in landscape design, they are numbered a little more than 20.

Photo barbed spruce in landscape design

Fir prickly lovers love landscape designers for its unpretentiousness and beauty of the crown. It is used for landing in various garden compositions, as well as to create live elevations. Spiny spruce is ideal for landing in a city drawing. All the features of this use can be viewed on the proposed photos of the spruce.

It is excellent, it looks in various mountaineering and rockers in the neighborhood with other conifers or deciduous trees. However, it must be planted either as a central component or as a background in the background.

It is very original to decorate a plot with a coniferous composition, which will include trees of different heights.

Thanks to the magnificent, Krone fir spiny is perfect for creating alive hedges.

Basic varieties of spray

In particular areas, it is most often possible to meet decorative varieties of spruce, which are striking with their diversity. Each type of this fir is characterized by a height, as well as the color of the needles.

Spruce spiny glauca.

In the group, the spiny glaucos are coniferous trees, which were not subjected to breeding and possess a buggy shade with minor deviations. This includes ate of different heights and shapes of the crown.

Fir barbed glauca. Classic grade of the coniferous tree of this group. It has quite high growth - it can grow up to 30-40 cm, an annual increase is 1.5 m. The color of the needles can vary depending on the specific variety.
Spruce spiny Glauca Globosa. This is a dwarf form of coniferous wood belonging to the glaucy group. Height can grow up to 2 meters, in width - 1.5 m. Annual increase of only 5-15 cm. The knee has an asymmetric spherical shape, sometimes with several main branches. With the age of the branch, it is compacted and it is easily trimming, which makes this variety ate spiny popular with landscape designers. The color of the needles blue with a jack.
Spiny spiny glauca pendula. A tree with a pretty bizarre crown shape - thick branches most often hung, and the barrel is twisted. You can compare such a barbed fir with weaving weakly. This coniferous in the support and garter needs. Coffee color silvery blue. It is quite difficult to find in nurseries.
Spruce Glauca Prostrata. This fir is characterized by a flocking form of the crown, there is no leading escape. It is very difficult to find the planting material in specialized nurseries.
Spruce Misty Blue. Synonym is considered the name of the glauc. Fir prickly Misty Blue grows in 15 years by 7-8 m, differs in a krona of a conical shape with a greenish-blue cheese.

Spiny Blue Trinket

Also spruce with blue cheese and matte surface. Spiny spruce trinket dwarf variety. Branches are located practically horizontally and create a birefonic crown.

Fir prickly Iseli Fastigiata

This variety belongs to American selection. It has a narrow-monical shape, branches look vertically up. By 10 years can reach 3 meters in height. The needles has a silver blue color.

Spiny Hoopsii fir

This variety of spiny spruce is distinguished by an unusually bright color of the needles - saturated blue with silver tump will certainly decorate your site. A spraychable huxi is characterized by a crown in the form of a pyramid with some irregular branches. Therefore, it requires constant adjustment. Per year can grow by 30 cm, which allows for 10 years to have a height of 3 m and more.

Fir barbed Bialobok

This coniferous tree refers to half-class varieties, over the year grows by 10-30 cm. The needle has a gentle-blue shade. However, young shoots for several weeks can be yellowish white. A spruce bialobok fir is a relatively young grade that was led in Poland. It has an irregular crown, so requires trimming and forming.

Spiny Koster fir tree

This kind of ate can grow up to 10-15 m in height. It has a cone-shaped form of crown expanding to the bottom. Often the branches are slightly omitted. Coffee color silvery blue. Herp sickle and very striking.

Spiny Stanley Gold

Pretty unusual coniferous tree. Refers to dwarf forms and has yellow conifers, which does not fade in the sun.

There are still many different varieties of spruce spin, which are unique in their own way: Shilo Weeping, Saint Mary Broom, Oldenburg, Mrs. Cesarini.

The reproduction of the ate of Kolyac

Spiny spruce breeds seeds, stalling and vaccinations. Undoubtedly, the easiest way to get a young seedling is to buy in a special nursery. But if you decide to grow spruce yourself, make it easier way than reproduction by seeds, not found. More experienced gardeners will be able to grow firing in the way of shilling and vaccinations.

Reproduction of seeds

From the seeds most often grown species ate, since such a method is the likelihood of a varietal decorative signs. Reproduction seeds takes place in the following order:

The cones ripen from different varieties at a certain time, but most often the best autumn is optimal. You only need to choose the highest quality and ripened bumps.
Remove seeds from cones stands a few months before sowing.
The surrounding seeds of the impeller must be removed, as it will only interfere.
Next, the seeds are thoroughly washed in a heatman's solution for disinfection.
After that, the process of stratification of seeds. They must be ordered in a wet ground in the refrigerator or in the wrapping bags in a snowdrift.
The seeds in April are usually seeded, so a couple of days before the seed landing, it is necessary to get out of the cold and dry.
At the beginning of the seeds, ate are planted in a greenhouse, for which the soil mixture is used, consisting of peat, fertilizers for the coniferous and small amount of fungicides.
Seeds are plunged with 1-2 cm.
After landing, they need abundant watering and moderate moisturizing.
On the occurrence of heat in 2-3 years, young sprouts can be planted into open ground. Do not be discouraged if you have a small amount of seeds. This is normal, the percentage of seed seeds is not very high.
The sprouts are growing for another 4 years, in the process of which they are periodically moistened and feed.
Only in 6-7 years old, the young Christmas tree is ready for landing for a permanent place.

Reproduction of cuttings

This method gives more results and when it is used, all the decorative qualities of the spruce spruce are preserved. For cultivation in this way, small twigs are needed, cut with an adult fir.

You can harvest the cuttings at different times: in April, June, August or October. For the firs, it will be most preferable to cut the cuttings in August, when young shoots stopped growth and their webly begins.
Cut the cuttings need from young firs that are 6-8 years old. So there will be more chances of rapid rooting.
Next, you choose on the top of the ate annual young shoots and cut them completely with wood. Only the upper part is used, since only it is possible to get cuttings, which will later grow into slim beautiful trees.
On average, the length of the cutting is 12-15 cm.
From the bottom of the branch, 2-3 cm is removed.
Then the cuttings are placed for a while in the growth stimulator solution.
For landing of the cuttings fit the turf and sand. At the bottom, it is necessary to place the drainage layer.
Dry stalks in greenhouses at an angle.
After landing, an abundant watering is required and the shelter of the film is not higher than 30 cm. Be sure to take the cuttings.
Watering is needed frequent and abundant. In August, there is a rooting, after which watering is reduced and shading is shifted.
In the open ground, the cuttings can only be planted for the next year in the spring, after which they are frozen 3-4 years.

Reproduction of vaccination

This method is used very rarely and applies only for decorative varieties. For him, a seedling of ate growing in your area is taken, and any decorative variety has been taken to him. For this method, it is necessary to master the skills of the cutting of the slice on the stock and cable, with which the tree is given.

Preparation for landing ate spiny

To obtain a beautiful and healthy coniferous wood, it is necessary to carefully prepare for landing. It is necessarily important to purchase high-quality seedlings and choose a place suitable for its growth. An important is the composition of the soil.

Seedling seedlings

The main preparatory stage before landing is the choice of seedlings ate spiny:

Be sure to decide with the variety of spruce, which you want to plant. Pay attention to frost resistance.
When choosing seedlings, carefully inspect them, make sure that they do not have dry and damaged branches.
Be sure to purchase seedlings with an earthen room. Only so you are sure that the seedling is adapted to local conditions.

Choosing a place

Before boarding, decide which composition you want to create on your site: whether it will be a single landing or a live fence. The spiny spruce looks beautifully on the background of the lawn or in rockers together with low-voltage plants. Note that Spruce loves a sunny and open place. It is possible a bit shaded, but any neighborhood will interfere with the coniferous tree. It also does not like a barbed fir to grow in place, where potatoes or corn rose to it. In such a place, the tree may become fungal disease.

Preparation of soil

The optimal soil for the growth of barbed spruce will be a sublinous or sandy-gravel. The fir loves light and loose soils that are well transmitted by air and moisture. It is important is a good drainage in the landing pit, as the coniferous tree is very sensitive to water stagnation. The soil must be with a weakness medium. To achieve the necessary acidity, you can add ammonium sulfate or add forest land.

Barbed fir planting process

After careful preparation, you can start the planting ate barbed:

The optimal time for landing ate spiny April-May. But you can land and at the end of August if the weather is not hot.
At the selected place, it is necessary to prepare pits. If you sit down several plants, there should be at least 2 m between them.
The sizes of the pit on one tree are approximately 50-60 cm in depth. It all depends on the root system of ate.
At the bottom of the pit, form a layer of drainage from broken brick or rubble.
For soil mixture, the turf, forest, peat, sand is suitable. You can add 100 grams of nitroammofoski.
A seedling is placed in the prepared pit, whose roots are neatly straightened.
The seedling falls asleep soil mixture, just follow the root neck to be at the level of earth.
After landing around the seedling, they make a hole and pour themselves.
We also need a layer of mulch, which will protect the spruce from excessive evaporation. A peat can be used as a mulch.

Features of the care of spiny fir

The main condition for obtaining a beautiful tree is a sunny place at which the fir will delight the bright color of his needles. Otherwise, spiny spiny is very unpretentious.

Watering

Spruce spruce badly tolerates dry soils, so in hot weather it is necessary to water once a week of 12 liters of water per tree. Young trees need more frequent watering, so watch the soil around the tree to develop a graph of irrigations. Also, young fir loves to sprinkle crowns, which can be carried out with the help of a hose or watering can. Only water should not be too cold.

Podchar

The main fertilizer is entered during the landing, and in a constant feeder, the spine does not need a spiny. You can make some universal fertilizer in the spring before the growth of young shoots.

Loosening and mulching

Young fir loves the periodic loosening of the soil in the priority circle. Just remember that it is necessary to loosen a shallow, since the root system of barbed spruce surface. After loosening, you can sprinkle a circle of mulch, which will save your tree from drying out and the appearance of a large number of weeds. You can use peat, sawdust or bark as mulch.

Trimming

Most often, spiny fir needs sanitary trimming, in the process of which dry branches are removed, as well as damaged and affected diseases. There is such a trimming of early spring and autumn. If you have eaten, you are planted as a living hedge, then there is a need to form the desired form of the crown. It must be remembered that the formation of the crown must be made before the top of the 8th year. After that, it is better to give him the most natural to grow. Crop need only a very sharp secateur.

Preparation for winter

An adult tree does not need shelter for the winter, but young ate requires a small insulation. In additional shelter also need some decorative varieties. To do this, you can use a sweetheart or burlap, which is stacked under the tree.

Fighting pests and diseases

Diseases:

Rust. Such a disease is manifested by orange spots on the needles and swollen on shoots. To combat it, you can use a burgundy fluid solution in a proportion of 100 grams to 10 liters of water. It is also necessary to cut all damaged branches.
Spitte. This is a fungal disease that is manifested by the appearance of brown spots on the needles. Usually arises immediately after melting snow. To combat it, you can handle a burglar liquid or colloidal gray in spring or summer.

Pests:

Erovo-fir hurmes. This is a type of tribe, whose colony is set on the bottom of the ate and manifest as white wool. To combat this pest, a solution of the preparation of Ragor is used.
Spruce sawl. It is possible to recognize its appearance by the presence of fifth burns on young shoots. Fuffanon is used to combat it.

Evergreen Beauty is a great option for decorating the garden plot. Spiny spruce, thanks to his unpretentiousness and special beauty, especially loved by most gardeners and landscape designers. Therefore, if you have a desire to plant a coniferous tree, then a spiny spruce is a great option.