Devichi grapes is a perennial decorative plant of the grapes family. Thick and bright foliage, unpretentiousness in care, frost resistance, fast growth rate, high degree of decorativeness - these qualities made it very popular among daches and landscape designers.
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Devichi grapes is a long-term tree liana, which does not go, and clings with the help of his long mustaches for various supports and rough surfaces of items that are next to it. The name of the PARTHENOCISSUS plant is translated from Latin means "virgin ivy". It is because of the features of the formation of fruit "Without the need to pollinate", this grapes were given the name "Devichi grapes" or "virgin ivy".
Plant leaves have a large size, shiny, palpat-complex. The foliage changes its painting depending on the time of year. In the summer it is painted in bright green colors, and in the fall in the carmine-red. The plant grows quickly, the increase in one year can reach up to 3-5 meters. Liana length reaches 30 meters. This culture has shield inflorescences, blossoms are inexplicit and neuropric, small flowers, greenish yellow color. The medium-sized fruits are dark blue berries, with a small wax chain, with a diameter of up to 7 mm, not suitable in food.
The photo shows the maiden grapes in the summer.
The photo shows the maiden grapes in the autumn period.
Devichi grapes is not just a decorative plant, but a plant with a number of useful properties. The plant is hypoallergenic, having antimicrobial, phytoncidal properties (kills bacteria and suppresses their growth and development, protects). Improves the surrounding microclimate, cleans the air, protects it from dust, gases and soot. It has sound insulation, noise absorbing qualities, in hot time protects the house from overheating, and in raw - from humidity and dampness.
Types of girlish grapes
Nowadays, there are about 20 subspecies of this plant, it is widespread in the countries of North America, taken to consider its homeland, as well as in East Asia countries and in Himalayas.
The most famous and popular varieties of this culture among the gardeners of our country are a five-line variety of virgin grapes (Vigir grapes) and triocented maiden grapes (ivy-shaped grapes). Both varieties are rather unpretentious in care, with good resistance to diseases, rarely susceptible to the attacks of garden pests, with great endurance and adaptation to the surrounding conditions, perfectly take root in areas with different soils, can be grown both on the shady side and on solar.
Pyalist girl virgin grapes
This variety is also called virgin grapes. He was taken to Europe at the beginning of the 17th century, in 1622. Length reaches 20 meters or more. His lianas can rise by vertical surfaces to a height of 15-20 meters. For full development of the plant requires a support, the mounting to which occurs with the help of the mustache. In summer, the plant has a bright green foliage, closer to the fall, it acquires a reddish shade from bright red to dark burgundy. The leaves of this variety have an oblong shape, with a pointed top, divided into five pieces, in length about 10 cm, on long stiffs (externally similar to the leaves of chestnut). Blossom occurs in the middle of summer in the form of inflorescences made of white flowers of small size. In the future, fruits appear - small dark blue berries, unsuitable in food. Every year, shoots grow about 2.5 meters long.
Pentalist grapes are unpretentious in care, withstands temperature from - 30 to + 30 degrees Celsius. It was noted that with a transferred freezing, the activation of sleeping kidneys occurs, and grapes becomes thick. Practically not subject to pest attacks (it is extremely rare to detect slugs on the foliage). It feels well in the shade, favorably transfers the transplant, grows on various soils from fertile to poor. But, of course, preferably for the plant and for its best growth and development, favorable and comfortable conditions for existence are a sunny, well-lit place with loose fertile land. To watering the plant is not demanding. Natural moisture in the rainy season sometimes enough for him. The impurities in the air, its clamping and pollution transfers normally, so it can be easily grown in an urban environment as a balcony plant.
The photo presents a five-hundredth grade of the virgin grapes in the design of the house.
The photo presents the five-line variety of the virgin grapes in the design of the fence.
The photo presents a five-hundredth grade of a virgin grape in pots.
Trioral maiden grapes
This variety is also called ivy-shaped grapes. Widespread in Japan, China (birthplace) and Korea. Because of the foliage, resembling an externally foliage of Ivy, he got its name "ivy-shaped". Liana length reaches 15-20 meters. Sheet form is usually three-row. The plant relates to frost-resistant species. Having a green bright color of foliage in the summer, with the arrival of autumn changes its painting on the darker, all shades of the crimson-red color.
The photo presents a triocent maiden grapes in the design of the fence.
The photo presents a triocent maiden grapes in the design of the wall of the house.
The photo presents a triocent maiden grapes in the autumn period.
You can select several subtypes of this variety:
- triostar grapes of purple type, with dark burgundy foliage,
- triocent grapes of golden type, with brushes of yellow on green leaves,
- vice-type triocenar grapes, the most popular among subtypes, which has smooth, glossy leaves of a small size, which with the onset of autumn change color from green to a rich fiery, orange. With favorable weather conditions and good care, this type can grow 4 meters per year.
Vice variety is ideal in vertical landscaping, but it is also used in horizontal, on the soil it forms a beautiful thick carpet. In addition to fastening with the help of mustache and suckers, grapes highlights a special adhesive agent that helps to keep him almost on any surface. The roots of this plant are not deep, so you need to take it in pots first, but over time, planted onto an open soil. Vicha grapes are more sensitive to frosts than other species, requires more thorough shelter to wintering. The plant normally transfers air polluted by gases, smoke, exhaust, in connection with this you can land it in the city feature, near the car trails and roads. It is grown both on the outdoor soil and in pots.
The photo shows a triocency maiden grapes Vicha.
Application in landscape design
This Lian can be used in the decoration of areas of any size, for any needs. The rapid growth of the deciduous coating, the simplicity of creating the desired design in the design of the household plot is characteristics, thanks to which the plant is widely popular. Devichi grapes are used in the decoration of very high walls, can easily climb height in 5 floors. It is ideal for creating vertical landscape design, thanks to a strong, solid grip at high altitude. This plant is also suitable for growing on the slopes. In this case, it grows on the ground with a dense green carpet. With the help of this Liana, it is easy to hide the cosmetic shortcomings of the construction, a thick deciduous cover of the plant masks the flaws of the house, gives a beautiful and refined view. A perennial plant after a few years is completely wrapped in the building. Use for decoration of arbors, country structures, arches, pillars, fences, fences, and even plant barrels. This plant can be grown not only on the household plot, but also on the balcony of the city apartment.
The photo shows the maiden grapes in the design of the arch.
The photo shows the maiden grapes in the design of the arbor.
For registration and decoration of the house, maiden grapes, it is worth considering some nuances:
- Locking near plastered walls is not recommended. The large mass of the plant can damage the coating of plaster and other thermal insulation layers under it.
- Looking is recommended near brick, concrete, wooden walls.
- For roofs under the slope covered with slate or tiles, the growing grapes can be unfavorable. The weight of the grape can damage the masonry, fasteners.
- When grape expanding, you need to track and prevent its penetration into the ventilation holes.
- It is necessary to monitor and prevent the wiring with grapes, antennas, drainage.
To avoid problems, it is simply necessary to adjust the correct direction of the processes of the plant in time, cut the unknown.
The photo shows the maiden grapes in the design of the walls of the building.
Combination with other plants
Devichi grapes are well combined with other types of curly plants, for example, with ivy, mountain clematis or plenty rose. Very spectacularly looks like a combination of grapes and ivy in the fall, when the color of the grape foliage becomes the crimson-red, and the color of Ivy remains unchanged, bright green. Such a combination of plants is achieved a very spectacular and contrast composition on the household plot. In combination with the plenty rose, it uses the vine of grapes as its own support. Commissioning with each other, they grow together in one direction. In the composition with mountain clematis, its gentle pink, white, lilac flowers are noble in saturated openwork leaves of the virgin grapes.
The photo shows the design of the arbor using the combination of the virgin grapes and the plenty rose.
The photo shows a combination of girlish grapes and shrubs.
The photo presents a combination of virgin grapes and other cultures.
Landing
Devichi grapes are used for landing on the open ground and for planting in pots. It feels well in areas with any illumination, both on shady and on the sunny side. It is worth noting that the case if you want to observe the autumn red shade of leaves, it is better to choose a well-lit landing site. When planting on the western or northern side of the plant, the shift of its foliage with the approximation of the autumn begins later, with the beginning of frosts, not such a large size of the leaves, rather than when landing on the southern or east side, and slower growing Lian.
There is no certain time for the landing of the virgin grape. But it is better to take root when landing in spring or autumn. Spring - April, May. Autumn - September, October. The most appropriate day for landing seedlings: up to 11-00 am or after 18-00 pm.
The plant is not demanding that the rich composition of the soil, the main condition is its drainage before planting. It is necessary to thoroughly switch the soil. Prepare a hole with a depth of 50-60 cm, pour drainage into it (broken brick, crushed stone, pebble), then the sand layer is about 20 cm. Next to fall asleep the pit soil mixture: 2 parts of the peat complex, 2 parts of the earth, 1 part of the sand. You can make wood ash, 1 liter.
Young seedlings are planted in cooked pits, having their root neck at the soil level. The desired minimum distance between the landings is 50-70 cm. Next is abundantly watered.
For the development and growing of young shoots, it is necessary to put supports. As soon as young shoots appear, they should be fixed, send in the right direction. In case of growth in not the right direction, when the garters do not help to the support, disobedient shoots are removed.
Observing uncomplicated landing recommendations, providing the right departure to a young plant, in the first year of life its increase is possible up to 3 meters long.
Care
The main care lies in systematic trimming, eliminating extra shoots, in fixing the shoots to give the desired direction, in the stand of additional supports. Timely trimming of a young plant and a garter of his shoots forms a perennial skeleton. Crashing, it is important to cut only over healthy kidneys. When a young plant can be fixed itself, it does not need to be taught more. During the summer, regular weeds of weeds, soil loosening, dips the soil of bare rhizomes, in case of exposure.
Watering an adult plant to exercise 3-4 times per season, or during drought period, at normal temperatures and periodic rains, the plant can do with the natural moisture of the soil. In the first year of the young plant, it is worth paying special attention to the watering, the moisture is needed. Adult plants do not need to be covered in wintering. And young plants, on the contrary, it is very important to strengthen the winter, as they have not yet risen, they need to protect against cold, are susceptible to frozen.
Giroby grapes well responds to the fertilizer of the soil. Improving soil fertility positively reflects on the development of perennial. You can make peat, humid, two-year compost, mulch and any other organic fertilizers. With watering, you can make feeding: wood ash, calmagneosis, nitroammophos, "Akvmarin" (at the rate of 50 gr. Per 1 m² of soil). In the period of active growth, you can make a comprehensive fertilizer. All these measures have favorably affect the growth and development of the plant.
Reproduction
Devichy grapes breed 3 ways:
- Cherenkovania
- Digging
- Seeds
When breeding with stalling, you need to take a stalk, cutting in spring, to the movement of juice. Next, divide it into several parts, about 23-30 cm long, taking into account that there is at least 4-5 kidneys at each part. Lock the cuttings into the soil, leaving over the soil surface of 2 kidneys. After it is necessary to pour the landing site, cover with light cloth cuttings, to protect against sunburn. And follow soil moisture.
When reproduction, the branches of at least 2-3 years should be selected in the spring. After the branch tilge to the ground, they fix them at the place of the junction with the ground, raising her top over the ground by 10-15 cm, periodically sprinkled and watering. In the early spring of the next year, the rooted branch is cut off from the main bush, transplanted to another place.
When reproducing seeds, the entire procedure takes a long time. Landing occurs in spring or autumn in loose soil to a depth of up to 1 cm. It is advisable to pre-dock them. Salting spring is recommended to "harden", stratify seeds. 1.5 months before landing, seeds are planted into a container with moistled sand. Capacities are covered with film, placed in a cool place, an average temperature of + 5 ° C. It is necessary to monitor the hydraulicity of the sand, periodically watering. Such "hardening" seed after the spring landing has a beneficial effect on their germination. Shoots will appear in a month. The shelf life of seeds is 1 year, at room temperature.
Diseases and pests
The plant is practically not subject to pest attacks, diseases. Among pests, you can rarely meet the TRU. Get rid of her will not be very big problems. It is necessary to wash off a water with water, treat the plant with a solution of economic soap and alcohol, in proportions 3: 1.
Girl grapes is a real find for any gardener. High decorativeness, rapid growth and unpretentiousness - make the plant with one of the most popular perennials for garden design, with the help of it you can implement any landscape design projects and solutions. Thin "thread" of leaves, thick foliage, her motley color color, replacing from emerald green to buggy-fiery and red shades. Girl grapes are, in truth, decorating your garden, a slight solution to the masking of unsightly places, making them well-groomed and refined. The real find for the gardener, the "highlight", which gives your country house or an inimitable site a unique and unique look. The usual house turns into a mysterious "castle", and a plot in the "magic forest from a fairy tale."
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