Sometimes, walking around the city, you can see the buildings that are completely seen by the luxurious Lians of the girl's grapes. Tight green foliage, which decorates the facades of houses in summer, with the arrival of autumn changes its color to bright red, thereby becoming even more beautiful. To acquire this unpretentious plant on its site, even an inexperienced gardener may, because it is perfect for any conditions and does not require careful care. In this article we will tell you about landing the virgin grapes and about the care of it.
Basic information about culture
Devichi grapes is a perennial plant of the grapes family, which is mainly decorative function. Culture has about 10 different species and is widespread in North America and East Asia. The girl grapes has a special mustache, which are capable of cling to the rough surfaces and various supports - in such a way of lianas grow up and coat vertical planes. The leaves in the culture are palpid, placed on long stiffs. Grapes have shield inflorescences and fruits small dark blue berries, unsuitable in food.
This decorative plant does not produce magnificent buds, and the fruits are unsightly and completely inedible. Meanwhile, the main decoration of the virgin grape is his luxurious foliage. Liana plants quickly growled, capable of covering large areas - this feature is often used to disguise ugly places on the household plot. Involuntary wall of the building, an old shed or any other unsightly structure will look much more neat under a practically impermeable dense carpet of greenery.
With the help of the virgin grape, you can create a good shadens in the gazebo, decorate the fence, protect from the wind and the rain the veranda, balcony or attic. The plant retains its decorative functions until the winter. The leaves diluted in red diluted with red dilute of the surrounding landscape and thereby raise the mood.
This culture grows very quickly, which can be considered as a plus and minus. A similar property is good because it helps in a short time to fill the extensive space in the green foliage. At the same time, if you do not care for grapes and do not trim the extra sprouts, he will cover everything, how can it be able to reach. In addition, before planting this culture, keep in mind that every spring you have to cleanse a plot from a large number of fallen leaves.
Girl grapes, except for a decorative function, has other useful properties. It improves the surrounding microclimate, suppressing the development of certain pathogenic microorganisms. The felive building or gazebo, the plant prevents the penetration of dust, gases and noise into penetration. Hot summer tight carpet of green foliage is able to protect the house from overheating.
In addition to the above-mentioned quality qualities, maiden grapes have a number of other benefits:
- The construction decorated with it looks beautiful for a long time, starting from the first week of summer and ending in the late autumn.
- The culture is not capricious, it quickly grows and requires minimal care.
- A similar plant perfectly fit into any landscape design, regardless of style in which the garden is made.
- Girl grapes are resistant to the effects of diseases and parasites.
- It can be used as a decorative element on a plot of any size.
- Culture without problems is multiplied by several uncomplicated ways.
Description of common varieties of girlish grapes
Among the known varieties of culture there are two varieties most common among the gardeners of our country. Each of these varieties is quite unpretentious, resistant to diseases, perfectly carries out in any soil and feels good both in the shade and in the sun. Below we consider the variety data in more detail.
Pentalist grade virgin grapes
This variety of culture is also called virgin grapes. He is able to see vertical surfaces at a height of at least 15 m. In the summer season, the plant produces a bright green foliage, which is painted with a saturated red shade with the arrival of autumn. The leaves of this culture of the oblong pointed form, a little reminiscent of the foliage of the chestnut. Located leaves on long stiffs.
In about the middle of summer, the plant produces small white inflorescences, of which small blue berries subsequently grow. Pentalist grapes is not capricious, grows well on shaded areas and remarkably transfer the transplant to a new place. Culture loves fertile soil, but also on poor soils feels quite comfortable. Each year, grapes are growing about 2.5 m. As for pests, the pentalist grapes are almost not subject to their attacks. Occasionally, slugs can appear on the foliage of the plant.
Trioral maiden grapes
This variety of plants has a second name - ivy-shaped grapes. This culture is widespread in China, Japan and Korea. The foliage of the plant in shape resembles the foliage of ivy, which is why grape grapes and got its name. Refers to frost-resistant species, with the arrival of autumn changes green on various shades of red. In turn, the triocent grapes are divided into several subtypes. A purple type of foliage is painted into a dark burgundy color, golden-type grapes has green leaves with yellow spots, but the most popular is Vichich's maiden grapes. It has small leaves with a smooth glossy surface, which with the arrival of autumn are painted in a saturated orange color. With a good climate, this species is capable of growing 4 m per year.
Vicha vintage grapes are grown not only on vertical surfaces, but also on the soil. Due to the fact that the plant has not too deep rhizomes, it is first planted in the pots, and in time tolerate in open soil. This variety is not afraid of exhaust gases and smoke, thanks to which such a plant perfectly carries out even near the vehicles.
Landing girlish grapes
Place for growing culture
Before you can land the maiden grapes, you should decide on the place where it will grow. This culture, as mentioned earlier, absolutely noncains and perfectly feels not only in the sun, but also in a shaded place. The only thing that is affected by the level of lighting is the coloring of the leaves. If the lianas deteriorate to the south of the construction and are well lit by the sunny rays, then by the autumn grapes will change its shade with green on red, orange, burgundy, etc. In the event that the culture is planted on the northern side of buildings, foliage can remain green until the time until it flips in winter. It should be added that in the illuminated areas, grapes develop faster, the Liana goes well into growth, and the foliage turns out to be larger.
Time to landing the virgin grapes and the composition of the soil for the plant
This culture perfectly arrives in a new place, regardless of whether it will be planted in spring or autumn. Nevertheless, experienced gardeners advise landing in the first half of the fall - in September or in October.
As for the soil, this plant is just as undemandingly to its composition, as well as to the rest. Grape feels comfortable in any indulgeted soil. The plant planting the plant consists of several uncomplicated stages:
- 7-8 days before landing seedlings, the soil must be accurate and remove all weeds.
- At the site of the landing, you need to dug a hole in a depth of about 50 cm and put on the bottom of the drainage. It can be made of brick fragments, small stones, pebbles, etc.
- On top of the drainage layer should be pouring about 20 cm of sand.
- The next step must prepare soil. For this, 2 parts of the garden land are mixed with 2 parts of the compost and 1 part of the sand.
- The pit is filled with the resulting composition and swing the seedling of grapes.
Features of the extension of culture seedlings
So that the plant has developed faster, it must be fertilized. The feeding is made several times a season, the first time the plant fertilizes in the spring. For this, 1 m³ is mixed with 50 g of nitroammofoski.
When the culture begins to grow actively, 100-200 g of Fertilizer "Kemira Wagon" will contribute into the soil. With the arrival of autumn, the soil is additionally saturated with flickers of potash composition, for this ordinary wood ash or calmagnesis.
If you wish that shoots have developed quickly, feed the grapes of Aquamarian at the rate of 50 g of substance per 1 m² of soil. Do not forget to occasionally loosen the earth around the stems and remove weed plants.
The reproduction of the virgin grapes
Pencornia reproduction
One of the ways of reproduction of this culture is the shilling. To do this, take a stalk and divide it into several fragments. At least 4-5 kidneys should be present at each such part, of which a new sprout will later develop. Locking the cuttings into the soil, do it so that 2 kidneys remained above the surface of the earth, and the rest of the kidneys turned out to be covered in the ground. When the planting process is over, sprout and cover them with light matter to protect against aggressive solar radiation. Periodically moisturize the land near the sprouts.
For reproduction it is recommended to use the widespread cuttings, and it is necessary to cut them in the spring, while the juice movement has not yet begun in the plant stems.
Breeding culture with chains
One of the easiest ways is the reproduction of the gifts. It is done very simple. With the onset of spring on grapes are taken by branches whose age is at least 2-3 years old. Then these branches are flex to the ground and fix it, for example, with the help of sufficiently durable and thick steel wire. The attachment sites lian to the ground are sprinkled with soil and periodically watered. A year later, at the beginning of spring, the branch is cut off from the parent plant, carefully digs the roots of grapes and transfer to a new place.
Landing girlish grapes seeds
Not the most popular in connection with the complexity is the method of seed reproduction. They are engaged in a few, since the entire procedure requires quite a long time, besides, grapes sprout slowly.
Seeds of girlish grapes are customary to sow in the spring or autumn period. If you plan to implement the procedure in the spring, then before sowing seeds need to be stratified. It is done about 1.5 months before the expected landing date. To make stratification, take a suitable container and fill with sand. Then the sand moisturizes and plant grains into it. The container with seeds is placed in a cool place, for example, in the refrigerator. The constant temperature in the refrigerator must be maintained at + 5 ° C. After stratification and spring landing, grapes gives the first shoots after a month, and if they land the seeds in the fall, the sprouts will appear not earlier than the next summer. Culture seeds can be stored at room temperature for about 1 year.
Devichi Grapes: Care Features
Caring for this plant is nothing complicated. First of all, choosing a place for planting culture, arrange a good support for Lian. Since grapes grow quite quickly, an unreliable support may not withstand the weight of the plant and simply collapses.
So that the Lianam was for what to cling in the process of growth, you can fix on the wall of the building a sleeper or chain. While the plant is rather young, its shoots should be sent to the desired side. A few years later you can adjust the bush by circumcision of the extra branches.
Devichy grapes perfectly breeds self-sowing. If you do not need new shoots on the plot, try to remove fruit borders from the plants. Of course, the berries of grapes can serve as a kind of decoration, but after withering they look too attractive.
Watering girl grapes only need young age. Adult cultures feel perfectly without additional moisture. As a rule, diseases, pests and fungal lesions, maiden grapes are not subject to.
With the arrival of autumn, if fruits remained on the grapes, and you want to use them for breeding, collect berries for storage. After frosts, most of the leaves fall away - they must be removed immediately, otherwise the soil under the plant will be too raw.
Adult cultures do not require any insulation for the winter, but young shoots are better to protect from frosts and cover with a plastic film. In the snowy winter you can use ordinary snow for insulation.
Useful advice
With the cultivation of the virgin grapes, some subtleties should be taken into account:
- Devichy grapes are very intensively increasing the green mass, and therefore its weight is constantly increasing. Unreliable supports, as well as garbage structures may not withstand the weights of the plant. That is why it is not recommended to plant culture near the plastered walls. If under the plaster, besides, there is a thermal insulation layer, then a few years later, the coating may simply fall off under the weight of grapes. It is best to decorate with the help of this plant brick, concrete or wooden surfaces.
- It is not recommended to allow the growth of the virgin grapes and on tiled roofs. Insufficiently reliable laying may be damaged.
- The same applies to the roofs covered with slate. If the design has at least a small bias, then slate sheets under the mass of the plant can slide down. However, such a danger does not threaten the flat roof.
- When growing a virgin grape near the walls of a residential building, it is important to take into account the moment that the lianas are able to overlap the ventilation holes, the shame of the antennas, satellite plates and drainage. To avoid problems, send the growth of the branches in the desired side and simply delete unnecessary processes.
- Devichy grapes cling to rough surfaces using special assholes that can rotate quite deep into the coating. For wooden walls, this is not terrible, but for plaster - destructive.
Girl grapes in the design of the section
Very often, this culture is used to mask unsightly sections of the garden. Running in a short time, the girl grapes in just a few years is able to close the old Saraike, a household building, which has plated the wall of the house. But this plant decorate not only inexpressible places on the plot, often grapes are used to decorate pergol, arbors, veranda, facades of buildings. As for the arbors and the veranda, in this case, the grapes are not only a beautiful element of design, but also creates the necessary shadow. The molded by green lianams of the attic is the best place where you can hide from the heat of the summer day.
If a translucent fence is installed in your garden, and you wish to hide from prying views, then the girl's grapes will help create a practically impermeable barrier, through which nothing will be visible.
You can use this culture not only to decorate vertical surfaces, but also for growing on the slopes. In such a case, the girl grapes grow on the ground with a dense green carpet.
This plant is very popular in southern gardens. The fact is that not all the lianan plants can normally exist in our climate, and the maiden grapes perfectly tolerate cold and frost. Therefore, such a culture helps to create a southern design in the northern climate.
Sometimes maiden grapes are combined with other types of curly plants. This culture is very harmonious looks with ivy. Especially beautiful effect is achieved in the fall, when grapes acquires a red shade, and ivy still remains green. No less impressive composition of the composition of the virgin grapes and plenty roses. Rose uses a grape vine as its own support and these two cultures grow up together. The magnificent effect can be achieved by landing the maiden grapes next to the mountain clematis. White, lilac or gentle-pink buds in combination with carved green leaves look just excellent.
How to arrange grapes properly
Having landed the culture near the support, follow the where young branches are sent. If the shoots grow not in the other direction, in which you need, redirect them and fix on the support. But even even after that, the Liana guide their height is not there, just cut them.
Adult plants can not be tied to the support, but after certain intervals, prophylactic breaking of shoots should be carried out. In the process of such trimming from the plant, weak or damaged branches are removed. It is important to remember that you need to cut off the whip directly above the healthy kidney.
If you did not care for the plant for a long time, and the branches have become too long, you must first shorten them to the required length, and after removing woven, weak and thickened shoots.
Girl grapes, photo:
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