Trees for dacha

It is necessary to know: in trees with traditional shapes, the inner part is represented only by naked thick branches. But in the formation of small-sized crown there are no sites without crying wood. They are less shaded, due to which the plants are more efficiently used solar energy, water and nutrients from the soil. In addition, trees with a small-sized crown can be planted in the garden anymore, which means that the harvest get more abundant. It is easier to work with them: trim, process. And you will get a huge aesthetic pleasure, since the trees are well formed on such a system very decorative.
Slender spindle (spindle)
Pruning - now the hottest theme of the gardeners. Let's talk about the formation of the crown of trees, or rather, about its modern small-sized forms.
This method is designed by Dutch scientists. For the formation of trees for such a type more
Apple tree grafts (on the clone connotations M26, 62-396, M9), in which branches in the process of growth themselves acquire a more or less horizontal position.
The general view of the tree is this: a trunk of a height of 2-2.5 m, a low strab, horizontal rather weak branches throughout the trunk and somewhat strong below.
The formation starts from one year old. The tree is cut at an altitude of 70-80 cm. In subsequent years, all the strong vertical branches are cut into the ring, and the position close to the horizontal, close to the horizontal. In addition, the cutting on the kidney annually changes the direction of the central conductor and the side branches to the opposite. All this holds back the cracking of the crown in height and width and accelerates fruiting. The length of the cropping branches should not be more than 1 m. The main fruiting falls on shoots of 2-3 years of age.
Flat spindle (plane spindle crown)
With horizontal branches
This formation has been developed in Hungary. It is interesting in the originality of the structure of the crown. The main difference is the absence of skeletal branches.
Annual or two-year-old seedlings plant vertically. At the spring, the competitor's competitor and 1-2 strong branches, separating from the trunk under an acute angle, are cut off on a two-year apartment. All the rest are deflected towards the plane of the palmettes at an angle of 60 degrees, to the trunk. The conductor is trimmed at an altitude of 30-40 cm from branching. In July and August, all young shoots, as well as the lower branches tilted horizontally. Moreover, long branches are located in the direction of the row, keeping them
Straightness, and short allowing the trunk from all sides.
In subsequent years, the central conductor is trimmed at an altitude of 40-50 cm from branching. All young shoots and conductors of existing branches deflect horizontally. If they are narrow the angle, they do in two or three adhesives, in July-August. If wide - once, in the end of the growth phase, when the lower part will already be partially wiped. Wipes on horizontal branches cut off.
After 4-5 years after the start of the formation, the crown gradually thinning, translating the branched endings of the branches into the horizontal position or down. The average vertical distance between two half-plated branches on each side should be about 20 cm, between the convertible - 10 cm.