Cherry in Siberia, planting and care. Cultivation of cherries in Siberia: varieties, planting, care

Rich harvest of juicy, delicious, sweet cherry - the dream of every gardener. The climatic conditions of Siberia the cultivation of this fruit tree has its difficulties. After all cherries - southern tree that likes to get a lot of sun and heat. But thanks to the efforts of many breeders this culture can be grown in Siberia and the Urals. In this article, we get acquainted with all the subtleties of planting, care cherries, consider the best varieties of sweet cherries for Siberia.

Content

Siberian Cherry - Botanical Description

Cherry belongs to the nature of the drain and the family of pink.
Cherry is distinguished by intense growth, the crown of the egg-shaped or cone-shaped form.
The bark of the tree can slightly change its shade depending on the age of cherry. You can meet a cherry with a reddish bark, brown or silver.
The cherry has a root system predominantly horizontal type. The formation of the vertical root occurs at a young age, then the growth of the roots in the horizontal direction begins.
Cherry leaves can have a pointed, reverseless, elongated, elliptic form, depending on the variety. The edge of the leaves slightly saw.
The sweet cherry blooms shortly before the dissolution of the leaves. Cherry flowers are white, form almost seated umbrellas on shoots.
Cherry fruit - Kostyanka. Flesh fleshy, juicy. The fruits of cherry, depending on the variety, can have almost white, light yellow, red, burgundy, almost black. In indulged plants, fruits have a larger diameter than wild trees. The shape of cherry can be: spherical, heart-shaped, elongated.
Cherry - self-visible tree. To get a crop, several trees should grow on the plot.

Siberian Cherry Sorts

The choice of the correct grade of cherry is one of the most important points in the cultivation of this culture in the climatic conditions of Siberia. All varieties of sweet cherry for Siberia are delicious and winter-hardy. They can be divided into winter-hardy varieties and on varieties with medium resistance to low temperatures. For cultivation in Siberia, exclusively varieties are suitable with good winter-hardy characteristics. The Siberian Winter is very Surov, the thermometer mark can descend to -30 degrees Celsius. An unsuitable varieties simply freeze and die. So, if you decide to plant a cherry in Siberia, then the grade must have the following characteristics:

winter hardiness. The variety should be resistant to Siberian weather conditions. Otherwise, trees can freeze not only branches and kidneys, but even Cambier;
strevious. The cherry in Siberian gardens should also have time to ripen as soon as possible, since the summer in this region is not so long;
positive attitude towards severe trimming. Cherry - Tall Tall, which is not very good for harsh Siberian climatic conditions. Too high trees need trimming and forming the crown. Not all varieties are well tolerated.

As you know, the fruits of cherry can have a different color. If the gardener is interested in some specific cherry color, then you can choose the following varieties for Siberia, depending on the color:

yellow sweet cherry - Zhoš, droogan yellow, ceremonic;
pink sweet cherry - Bryansk pink, pink pearls;
red cherry - Astakhov memory, hype, cerema.

Odrery - Cherry Sorts for Siberia

Aud raise variety, like other sorts of cherry, self-propelled. For pollination, such varieties are suitable as Rechitsa, Reva. Trees are not very tall, krone has a pyramidal form. The most important advantages of this variety are winter hardiness, high resistance to diseases. Cherry Odrinka is also not scary and sunburn. Fruits have an elastic pulp, have high taste characteristics, have a dark red color. Mature cherry fruits can reach a mass of up to 8 grams.

Outwaste - Sorcerers for Siberia

This cherry grade can be triggered in Siberian gardens together with such varieties, like Iput, Tyutchevka, Jena. The mid-grade tree is capable of reaching a height of 4 m. Crane cherry has a spherical shape. You can assemble the harvest for 4-5 years. Fruits, which, although they do not differ particularly large sizes (the mass of mature cherries is about 5 grams), they have earned the love of many Siberian gardeners due to their excellent taste characteristics. The flesh is juicy, easily separated from the bone, thin skin has a dark burgundy color. This variety is known for high winter hardiness and good resistance to some common cherry disease.

Bryanochka - Siberian Cherry Graces

Grade Bryanochka can be grown in the Siberian garden together with such varieties as Iput, Veda, Tyutchevka. This is necessary for pollination. The advantages of this variety are high winter-hardy characteristics, resistance to most fungal diseases of cherry, high yield. Fruits have a dark red color. The pleasant taste of the cherry is explained by the high content of sugars. The mass of one mature fetus is about 7 grams.

Cheremashnyh - Cherry Sorts for Siberia

Trees of this variety are average. You can land with sterling varieties of Iput, Tyutchevka. The fruits of sweet cherry are painted in a beautiful and bright yellow color, in which pinkish shades can appear during sunny weather. Mass of one mature fetus - 4.5 grams. Collect the harvest, which from one tree can be about 27 kg, from the 5th year.

IHUT - Cherry Sorts for Siberia

Cherry Cherry Variety can well be well in the Siberian Garden with Tyutchevka varieties, Bryansk pink. The cherry of this variety reaches a height of 3.5 m. Tree crown has a pyramid shape. A distinctive feature of this variety is the early dates of ripening. Blossom comes in the late spring, and ripening - in June. The fruits of sherry cherry are painted in dark red, dark burgundy or almost black, which depends on the degree of maturity of the fetus. The pulp of sweet cherries is very sweet, has an average density. Mature berry can reach a mass of up to 6 grams. Gardeners of Siberia very much appreciate this variety not only for its good winter hardiness, high resistance to diseases, but also for yield. Under favorable growth conditions and correct care from one adult tree, you can collect up to 50 kg of delicious and useful crop.

Tyutchevka - Siberian Cherry Sort

Tyutchevka is a late sort of cherry, which is great for growing in the regions with a harsh Siberian climate. Gardeners celebrate its excellent winter-hardy characteristics, as well as resistance to most of the known diseases that are usually affected by cherries. Trees of this variety, with proper care, give a large harvest of delicious and juicy sweet cherries. Berries are affected by their sizes - up to 7.4 grams. The cherry has a dense and sweet pulp, is well stored and perfectly transfers long-term transportation.

Fate - Cherry Sort for Siberia

Grade Fate, like most cherry varieties, is self-visible. In the Siberian gardens, this variety can be planted together with the varieties of Iput and Chermashne. The trees of this mid-grade are a thick and compact crown in the shape of a ball. Ripe cherry reaches a mass of 4.6 grams. The color of the berries combines the scarlet color and yellowish. Grade Fate - winter-hardy grade, resistant to many fungal diseases.

Veda - Cherry Sort for Siberia

Gardeners of Siberia grow a mesh grade ved with such varieties, like Iput, Tyutchevka, jealous. Veda variety belongs to varieties with late maturation. Gardeners of Siberia love to grow the sinner of this variety due to its high yield, the beautiful flavoring characteristics of berries and their large size. Ripe sweet cherry can reach a mass of 7 grams. Berries are painted in a uniform dark red color.

Siberian Siberian Siberian

One of the most important advantages of this variety is an unusually large size of berries. One ripe sorce cherry sorted can boast weighing 12 grams! Adult trees have an average growth and compact ball shape. The variety is also self-visible. It can be grown with such "partners" as Francis, surprise. Berries have a delicious and juicy flesh, dark garnet.

Orlovskaya pink sweet cherry for Siberia

Many gardeners of Siberia choose for growing this variety of cherries, as the trees enter the period of fruiting already on the 3rd year. The variety is secondary. A sweet cherry can reach a mass in 4.5 grams, has a beautiful yellowish shade with a scarlet blush. The advantages of this variety is high frost resistance, as well as resistance to many fungal diseases.

Rechitsa - Cherry Sorts for Siberia

Rechika - frost-resistant sort of cherry with good disease resistance. A distinctive feature of this variety is almost black berries, which, after ripening, can reach a mass of 5.8 grams. The average trees of this variety have a rather spacious crown.

Cherry in Siberia - Photo

Cherry cultivation in Siberia

Step number 1. We choose the planting material of cherry for Siberia

Successful cherry cultivation in Siberia largely depends on the quality of seedlings. It is necessary to adhere to the following tips when buying planting material:

buy Saberish seedlings for Siberia only in specialized nurseries or proven stores. Buying seedlings only in such places guarantees the quality of the planting material. It is worth choosing a nursery in your region, where the cherry is initially grown in certain climatic conditions. When buying saplings of sweet cherry "from the hands", in the natural markets you risk buying at all the same variety that the seller will declare you, or a variety with insufficient winter-hardy characteristics;
when choosing cherry seedlings for growing in climatic conditions, Siberia is worth giveing \u200b\u200bpreference to 2-year instances. Such seedlings are suitable in a new place easier;
when choosing a cherry seedling costs to carefully examine the root system. It must be without apparent mechanical damage, dried areas, fallen to the roots, etc.

Step number 2. Choose a place for planting sweet cherries in Siberia

If you gathered to plant a cherry, then you can not do this on any place that fell. Come to this issue with full responsibility. Consider some advice of experienced gardeners Siberia:

cherry is a thermo-loving and light-affilome tree. Choose a solar place on your site. Do not go sterling next to the high trees that will create a shadow. If you want to put a sneaker near the house, then choose the eastern or south side;
when choosing a place for planting cherries, it is also worth avoided where the groundwater is adjacent to the surface too close. Choose a sublime area for planting this fruit tree or create an elevation artificially;
it is advisable to plant a sneaker in a place protected from drafts;
almost all sorts of cherries are self-visible. This means that it is necessary to plant several varieties of sweet cherries on the site. But it also happens that as planted 2-3 different grades are interconnected for each other, i.e. Pollination does not happen. How to avoid this? As a rule, for each sort of cherry, there is a list of varieties - "partners";
when choosing a place for planting cherries in climatic conditions, Siberia should avoid plots with excess clay or sand.

Step number 3. What the soil prefers a sweet cherry in Siberia

If the ground on the plot is clay, heavy, wetched or too sandy, then the sweet cherry will grow badly at such a place. The perfect soil for this fruit tree is loose, lightning, fertile, sampling or loamy soil.

Step number 4. Planting Cherries in Siberia

After the place is selected for landing, cherry seedlings purchased can be started at landing. You can plant a sneaker both in spring and autumn. But in climatic conditions, Siberia is practiced only the spring landing to give a young tree enough time to strengthen in a new place before the onset of cold weather. Consider a detailed algorithm of actions:

if the soil on the site is sandy or clay, then it is necessary to prepare it for planting a cherry in advance. Sand deposit into clay soil, and in sandy - clay. Then, for 3-4 years, complex fertilizers contribute to the ground;
since the spring planting of sweet cherries is preferably preferred in Siberia, then in the fall of the landing pit follows. In the period from October to November, the soil loose and make humus or compost;
in the spring after the snow melts, you can proceed to further prepare the site. If the soil is too acidic, then it is necessary to make a lime;
7-10 days after the lime, nitrogen and mineral fertilizers are made;
when landing several trees at the same time;
the landing pit is digging 10-14 days before the landing. It is necessary so that the soil is settled;
distop the landing yum in a depth of 80 cm and about 100 cm wide;
in the center of the landing pit, you need to establish a support that must rise above the surface of the Earth by 40-50 cm;
prepare a nutritional soil to fill the pit. It can include components such as superphosphate, wood ash, potassium sulfate, compost;
pour the nutrient soil to the bottom of the pit around the support so that it turns out to be a holmik. Superfect the usual non-fermented soil from above;
pour the pit well and allow the soil to settle within 1-2 weeks;
carefully inspect the seedling before boarding. If some of the cherry roots are too long, do not fit into a pit, then they can be shortened. It is also useful before landing to put the roots of a seedlock into the water for 2-10 hours depending on the degree of dryness of the roots;
place the seedling in the cent of the century in such a way that the root neck will rise above the surface of the Earth by 5-7 cm;
carefully fall asleep the seedling soil, periodically shook it up to avoid the formation of air cavities between the roots;
failure the soil around the cherry, paint the tree. It is also necessary to build a hole with a radius of about 30 cm for a convenient watering;
the rolling circle must be closed with peat or humus;

Care for sweet cherries in Siberia

Watering cherries in Siberia

The cherry in Siberia must need to water. For the entire vegetation period, there must be 3 irrigation:

watering before the start of flowering;
watering in the middle of summer;
watering during the last autumn feeding.

Before you pour the tree, the ground in tree trunks sure to loosen. And after watering is necessary zamulchirovat ground surface. Frost-resistant varieties of cherries, which are suitable for growing in Siberia, quite a negative attitude to the dry weather. If the summer was particularly hot, the lack of moisture can be detrimental for the cherries. Especially abundant and should be the last autumn watering. Moisture should impregnate the ground to a depth of about 80 m. Such watering protect tree root system from freezing in winter.

Fertilizing cherry in Siberia

With the proper observance of technology of planting cherry, prepare the landing pit the need to feed the tree occurs only after 2 years. Spring making nitrogenous fertilizers in dry form, and in the middle of summer - nitrogen fertilizer in liquid form.
The mineral complex fertilizer cherries in Siberia will need only upon reaching the age of 4. Such feeding is made in mid-summer.

The formation of the crown of cherries in Siberia

If you are growing cherries in Siberia, it is impossible to neglect the formation of crowns. Cherry - tall trees with a rather thickened the canopy. The climatic conditions of Siberia gardeners tend to give the tree a bush form, as in this form cherries will be the easiest to endure harsh winters.

In order to stimulate the development of side shoots from the 1-year seedlings are cut above the tip of 5-6 kidneys. This should be done in spring, before the sap flow processes.
The main formation of the crown of cherries comes up to 5-6 years of age. Height of the tree is desirable to maintain at a height of 3.5 meters, and skeletal branches - 4 meters.
During the whole vegetation period you can get rid of root shoots, branches, thickening crown.
Renewal pruning cherries in Siberia carried out very early spring.

Preparation of cherries in Siberia for the winter

Frost-resistant varieties of cherries are resistant Siberian winter. But the trees prepare for this difficult period still needed. The main task of the gardener - to prevent growing a spring shoots. To do this, avoid fertilizing in the summer and autumn. The exception is the superphosphate. Shoots stop growing, will lignificated and Cherry meet winter prepared. Before winter pruning is carried out, and the last, which is best done not secateurs and saws.

Cherry in Siberia - reviews

Valery M .: "Despite numerous convictions that it is simply impossible to assemble the harvest of delicious cherries in Siberia, I decided to grow up the cultivation of these fruit trees in my site. Long learned the experience of gardeners in my region, carefully selected a variety. In the spring, 3 Saplings of Tyutchevki, Bryansk pink and Iput. Young cherries were perfectly rooted and had safely transferred the first winter. Not so long ago collected my first harvest. "
Irina P: "To have a cherry in the garden was my long-standing gardener. In the nursery, I willingly helped me with the choice of suitable varieties and got acquainted with the nuances of planting and care. Of course, the trees need care, especially at a young age. But then adult cherries will annually thank you with rich crops. "
Olga R.: "My first experience of growing cherries in the Siberian plot was unfortunately unsuccessful. I planted only one tree, not knowing that most sorts of sweet cherry are visible. After planting the seedlings of 3 additional varieties, everything went fine. For me, care for these fruit trees does not represent much difficulty. Grow a cherry in Siberia is quite real. "

Cherry cultivation in Siberia, of course, has its own characteristics. With the right choice of the variety and compliance with all the rules of landing and care, it is quite possible to obtain a good harvest in such harsh climatic conditions.