Anthurium, landing and care at home. Anthurium at home: landing and flower care

The plant Anthurium gained popularity as room culture only at the end of the last century. Today, those who prefer to grow tropical plants are available about 30 species and more than 80 hybrid forms of evergreen anthurium. At home, you can successfully start and blooming or decoratively and deciduous varieties, and even exotic lianas or tree views. We will talk about how to grow this real pride of many flower products further.

Content

Anthurium, description

Anthurium strongly stands out among other home-made representatives with their unusual colors and beautiful glossy foliage. It is not much demanding in care, but needs comfortable conditions and careful for him.

Anthurium refers to the family of aroid. Motherland Plants - South and Central America. There, this tropical inhabitant was given a gentle name "Flamingo flower".
Anturium leaves are presented in the form of a thick cap of the dark green color. Their form of different species is different: heart-shaped, round, shovel, with smoothed vertices. Thick stalks, 12-30 cm long.
Among the leaves are produced floral arrows, which are completed with large flowers of various shades: from a bright gloss to white-salad. The shape of the inflorescences of a square or diamond form.
Under the proper conditions, Anthurium blooms all year round (with the exception of decorative-deciduous species). One flower can delight eyes 1.5 months. His fruit is a yellow ball in which "live" the seeds of Anthurium.
The ability of the anthurium exhaust the smell depends on the type. In some plants, the flowers allocate a pleasant sweet scent, others have a sharp, but barely caught, and there is no smell at all.

Interesting! In the people, another name was entrenched for Anthurium - "Male Happiness", which led to many legends and superstitions.

Anthurium, types and varieties

In nature, anthurium has many varieties. But in culture, only some of them have commercial importance, which are characterized by increased decorativeness.

Anthurium Andre - a low look with oval-lanceal leaves, a length of 28-30 cm and a width of 9-11 cm, often hanging down. Widespread anthurium curtain with clear veins, glossy. Its color gently pink, salmon, less frequently milk. Inflorescence - yellowish pillage up to 10 cm in Dina.

Anthurium Crystal - view with beautiful velvety leaves split from the base and painted with lighter veins. The upper part of the sheet plate is pubes with short reddish, and the lower part is matte. The plant is not distinguished by beautiful blossom and releases a scorched patch of yellow-orange color, which highlights an unobtrusive sweet odor.

Anthurium Shercesra - Blooming anthurium, which is distinguished by its compactness: its maximum height does not exceed 30 cm. The bedspread is painted in a dull red color, and the pillage is spiral and reminds the tail. During flowering over a bush, 5-8 flowers are towers, which do not lose attractiveness for many months. Leather leather, rich green color with glossy surface.

Anthurium Baker - the leaves of this species are splashing, narrow, lanceathoids. At the bottom of the leaf plate there is a brown gun. Anthurium cream cylindrical shape and bright red tint berries.

Anthurium Vaika - Plant with long leaves (sometimes can reach 100 cm long), which are thickly covered with silvery cracks. Inflorescence - a long concrete foot on a shortened leg. It is grown mainly in greenhouses or large rooms.

Based on the two popular varieties of Anturium - Sherezra and Andre, a variety of hybrid forms are derived, the number of which is increasing daily. As a rule, all varieties are grouped by flowers color. Anthurium - varieties:

The white color of the anthurium colors happens in such varieties: "White Champion", "Sumi", "Princess Amalia". These forms have a flower plate painted in snow-white or white-pink colors, the size of which may differ. Leaves, as a rule, heart-shaped, glossy, rich-green.

Red flowers are found at the Dakota variety, Rad King, "Treuenza", and red-green - "Baby Boomer", Royal Champion. The leaves in varieties are egg-shaped, some varieties are wrinkled. The pillage can be thin and yellow or thickened, and painted in a red shade.

Orange Anthurium - Flower is represented by Princess Orange, Madural Orange. The flower plate is wide, often green at the base. Leaf form rounded or oval with acute end.

Pink anthurium in color "clothes" gently purple, bright pink, pink green outfit. Famous varieties: Pandola, Leganza, Pink Queen, Lady Love.

Purple varieties include: "Picasso", "Fiorino", "Utah". The form of a flower in varieties can be wide or narrow, the pillage is a long, reprehensive or lowered. Color color of all shades of purple.

Yellow varieties can be found in the names of Anthuriums: "Vanilla", "Yellow Picasso", "Princess Alexia Yellow". The color of the inflorescence can be purely yellow, with green or burgundy bounding. Copper short (up to 5 cm), often yellow or brown. Egg-shaped leaves, dusk green color.

Green anthurium in the form of flowers and leaves does not differ from yellow varieties. The only difference is the bright green color of the flower cloth. Beautiful varieties: Midori, Green King, Green Picasso.

Black Anthurium hybrids are also found, but the color of the flower is not black, but rather dark burgundy, prunes. Decorative varieties: "Black love", "Otazu", "Black Queen".

Anthurium cultivation at home

Despite the varietal variety of anthuriums, care for them is practically no different. And if we completely give time to this plant, it will acquire a beautiful elastic foliage and delighted long blossoms.

What place to choose for anthurium in the apartment

Anthurium is a leaving of the tropical forests, but it does not prevent him from growing great in the urban apartment. He is sufficiently shadowed, but he is extremely needed bright light without directly entering ultraviolet rays. Although the shadow of Anthurium is growing rapidly, but flowering can be waiting for years.

The shortage of solar color is the most frequent reason why anthurium does not bloom. Therefore, the north window sill is not the best place for this plant. In winter, anthurium needs to provide good artificial lighting, since he often does not have any rest.

On a note! With insufficient illumination, Anthurium turns yellow, and its cuttings are dramatically lengthened.

Also are not suitable for anthurium windows with southern orientation. The abundance of the sun is evidenced by brown specks on leaves and rapid soil grazing. If the plant put in another place does not work, the pot either shares or moves from the glass as far as possible. The optimal place for anthurium is an oriental or western windowsill.

What kind of ground is suitable for anthurium

Another important point in the care of the anthurium is the choice of soil. You can use purchased soils, but it is better to make the ground to make the Earth for Anthurium. This can be done according to such a scheme: two parts are humus, part of the leaf land, part of the peat and 1/2 part of the sand. Or you can take the ground for flowering plants and orchids in equal shares and mix.

Since anthurium roots need abundant oxygen influx, the soil must be with elevated air and moisture-permeable properties. Provide such conditions allows inclusion of 12-15% of charcoal, broken brick or moss-sfagnum into the soil.

Advice! For tropical handsome, weakly acidic soil is needed with a pH 5.5-6.5.

The temperature and humidity of the air for Anthurium

The plant reacts poorly to temperature fluctuations, and prefers temperature at 22-25⁰С. In winter, the thermometer in the apartment should not fall below + 16⁰. Also, you should not allow anthurium to get into the area of \u200b\u200bdrafts.

Anthurium needs high humidity, so you need to often spray its greens. You should not fall on the flowers drops of water, otherwise they will cover stains and the flowering period will be very reduced.

To maintain the necessary moisture, you can stripped the top layer of the soil to moss-sphagnum or put the water container with water. If the anthurium is standing near the heating devices, then in winter it is necessary to use an electric air humidifier.

Anthurium, home care

In order for Anthurium to be fully blued, did not throw off the foliage and did not hurt, he is needed sufficient watering, a good pot and high-quality fertilizer.

How to organize for anthurium watering

Flower is poured every 3-5 days, focusing on the burden of the top ball of the soil. Only warm water (18-20 ° C) without lime is used so that the substrate remains weakly acidic. If we water the plant with very hard water, it will cause the appearance of spots on the leaves of anthurium. They can be a black or brown shade.

In winter, under the condition of sufficient humidity, watering is reduced to once every 7-9 days. Water remnants from the pallet merge, it is necessary to do it 30-45 minutes after watering. If water is too much, a green pet can get fungal diseases.

How to fertilize home anthurium

In the period of active vegetation and flowering, the plant needs feeding. Every 14 days in the ground are special fertilizers or alternate mineral mixture with organic.

If the anthurium in the winter is provided by the 14-hour daylight, and it continues to bloom, feeding are carried out without changes. If there is no such possibility, fertilizers do not contribute, and watering is slightly reduced. In such conditions, the plant will not bloom.

Important! The feeding is not conducted if the plant has signs of illness, or recently transplanted.

How to rejuvenate a plant

Anthurium is a perennial, but too adult plant begins to lose decorativeness and blooms worse. Therefore, the anthurium is desirable to rejuvenate at home. It is necessary to do this when multiple side shoots began to appear on the plant and it began to resemble a bush. Or when Anthurium stopped developing well and has only one sheet socket on the trunk with old single leaves.

Rejuvenation is conducted as follows: the tip is cut with three aerial roots and is immersed in a suitable soil. The first time you want to moderate watering, and when they start actively growing side shoots, leaving performed both for adult plants.

If anthuriums are no air roots, we must bare portion of the barrel with root rudiment wrap moist sphagnum moss,. New roots will sprout quickly, and it will be possible to carry out rejuvenation without the risk of losing the old bush.

Advice! It is important to understand before rejuvenation Anthurium pot which fits him best. To plant bloomed well, but not to build up the leaf of the pot need moderately wide and not too large.

How to transplant the anthurium

Flower "male happiness" does not need frequent transplants. But when the roots begin to crawl out of their hard pot holes, it's time to settle into the pot anthurium more. Choosing to do better for the benefit of the pot with a glazed inner coating, which will not allow the roots to grow into the wall.

The root system of a flower growing very strongly and takes up almost all the space in the ground. Therefore, anthurium, planting of which is held by transshipment, immersed in a new pot and the gap is filled with fresh substrate. At this stage it is important to score to make sufficient drainage so that the plant may rot in the future. Also made the top of the earth globe update. Healthy plants are transplanted every three to four years.

If ill anthurium, transplantation is carried out with the release of roots from the old soil. After that, the rhizome is inspected for the disease. If obvious signs of rotting, spoiled roots are cut, and the cut will be overwritten by coal.

Important! All work is carried out planting in the gloves, as anthurium poisonous.

Anthurium, reproduction

This plant is propagated by all possible methods, but in the home using the division of the bush and cuttings.

Experienced growers successfully propagated via anthurium separation from the mother of the young bush. This method is applicable to the adult plant.

Anthurium seedlings:

Bush is removed from the pot, gently shake off the remnants of the soil.
Using a sharp knife sanitized rhizome separated into parts. Each of them should have a healthy root and aerial shoots.
place slices sprinkled liberally with powdered activated carbon.
Received bushes are planted in small pots, and then watering.

Anthurium second method of propagation - cuttings. Cuttings root quickly and bloom the following year.

Cuttings held as follows:

Sheet 6-8 cm long, which has at least one point of growth, cut.
7-10 minutes stalk dried outdoors, the sheet is trimmed plate.
Sharing immersed either in moist moss or soil of sand and peat.
Then covered with a stalk trimmed plastic bottle or glass jar.
18-20 days stalk fully entrenched and can be transplanted to a permanent pot.

On a note! Another way how to propagate anthurium - planned rejuvenation of the bush, namely the separation and landing of air roots in new pots.

Anthurium disease and their treatment

"Men's happiness" - a plant susceptible to the disease if not properly maintained. Most often, the disease can be recognized by the yellow leaves that may fall off, to dry, covered with strange markings. But may suffer a rhizome that affect fungi, putrefactive microbes. How to treat anthurium depends on the particular disease, so consider those that often occur:

Fusarium - on the shoots visible white patches, flower stalks are pokruchennymi, anthurium leaves turn yellow and wither. Plant will help save the soil drenching with fungicide, for example, "Gliokladinom".
Septoria Leaf Spot - fungal infection that develops under conditions of high humidity. The leaves of anthurium are covered with brown spots, which will eventually become lighter in the center, and there is a yellow rim. Print the fungus help any product containing copper.
Anthracnose - a plant immediately affected by fungal spores, dries and dies. If time does not handle flower fungicide, it can not be saved.
the roots of the disease - yellowing of the foliage may be due to an excess of fertilizer, exposure to cold or stagnant water. Cure plant helps adherence care rules.

Pests anthurium their methods of dealing with them

Pests can affect the plant in two cases: If the air is too humid, or conversely, overdried.

Aphids - the foliage loses brightness and twisted into a tube. If the sheet is deployed, you can see light green insect. In this case it is necessary to treat the plant "aktellik".
Spider mite - leaves covered with a thin cobweb, wither and fall off. Destroy insects help "Malathion", "aktellik" soap solution.
Scale insects - leaves are deformed, covered with sticky coating, plaques. Wash off the parasites can be a solution, "Anthurium".