Alycha, landing and care in the middle strip. Alycha in the middle lane

Many in their garden are trying to grow fruitful trees that can give a good harvest. Such cultures can be attributed to Alych. Its fruits are delicious, juicy and useful. This tree refers to the thermo-loving, but when complying with certain conditions, you can grow Alych and in the middle lane. More information about the characteristics and peculiarities of the cultivation of Alyci in the middle lane of Russia - we will describe in this article.

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Alycha: Features and Characteristics

Alycha refers to fruit cultures. A few more names of these trees are known - "Plumsky Plum", "Plum Chernenosna".

Features and characteristics of Alychi are as follows:

Culture grows in height from 4 to 13 m. It has a thick oval crown.
The rhizome of the tree is strong, but not voluminous. Therefore, Alych should be grown in those areas where groundwater is close.
The average cycle of the life of the culture from the moment of landing is 40-45 years. Fruit for the 2nd year.
The fruits of culture have a rounded shape and an inner bone. The flesh of the sour-sweet taste.
Refers culture to early.
Resistant to drought and high temperatures.
The biggest harvest from the tree can be collected for the 4th year after landing.

Alycha: landing and care in the middle lane

Landing Alyci in the middle lane

For the medium strip climate, it is best to choose the Corresponding varieties of Alychi. They are more resistant to freezers and quickly restore the structure of their crown.

Landing Alychi in the spring in the middle lane is carried out in the following order:

For landing, you should choose a plot where the sun's rays do freely. The soil should be rich in humus. Since culture does not like moisture stagnation, drainage should be equipped.
For a seedling, a hole is spilled with a width of 60 cm, a depth - 65 cm.
The distance between the seedlings should be at least 2 m. The length of the aisle is 3 m.
In order for a young seedling to be damaged, its trunk should be tied to a support peg.
Lached seedlings are abundantly watered.

The departure for the plant in the middle lane is the following events:

Timely watering. For each plant should have about 3 buckets of water.
Putting fertilizers. Under the root of each seedling it is necessary to carry a small amount of garden lime.
Trimming.
Protection of trees from diseases and pests.

Read more about the culture of culture - further in the article.

Care of Alyci varieties for medium strip

The correct care for the planted tree is also important as its landing. Only with a successful combination of these two processes is a good result. This is especially true of fruit trees, the wrong care for which will not give the tree to die, but also normal formed fruits from it can not wait. Alycha is not an exception.

The process of caring for the tree does not constitute anything complicated, and, if everything is done correctly and on time, the tree will give an excellent result:

A special role in leaving the culture is given to irrigation. This is not a very moisture plant, so an excess of moisture will only bring it harm. It is necessary to water it often, but a small amount of water. The roots of Alychi are too close to the surface, so no nutrients can get nutrients from large depths. In the arid summer, they can dispel, which will definitely affect the crop. On average, one watering of wood takes up to 50 liters of water.
Mandatory is the weeding of the affiliated zone of the soil. This will give a tree extra oxygen and will save from weeds. Pretty popular among gardeners was disembodied near the trunk of the trees of Alychi of the lowered herbs, such as clover. First, it does not give to grow weeds, and secondly, it allows moisture to linger more in the ground, not allowing the root of the tree. And herbs landing will save gardener from the need for a constant weeding of a tree.
Finger the varieties of Alyci for the middle strip of Russia, like any other fruiting tree, is necessary. When feeding, the slope should be done on nitrogen and potash fertilizers, but with phosphoric need to be more neat. The consumption of organic fertilizers when subcording Alychi is relatively low - only 5-6 kg per m ².

Nitrogen fertilizers are made at the rate of 60-70 gr. 1 M. ² Square. At the same time, they are brought three times over the growing season:

The first feeding of the urea is carried out during the beginning of the vegetation - early spring.
The second feeder - after the end of flowering, during the formation of the cries of the fruit of the tree.
The last feeding is held in the middle of summer. In this case, the dose of fertilizer at the rate of 1 square meter is reduced by half.

Trimming Alyci and forming a tree crown in the middle lane

The launched tree will not bring normal quality fruits, which is why to ensure good growth and fruiting, it must be trimmed correctly. This will help to form the right tree crown.

Alycha is different from other trees the dynamics of the growth of its seedlings. Before the start of fruiting, it is actively growing up, and after the appearance of the first fruit, it begins to grow in breadth. Almost all varieties of wood are medium-free with a not too thick crown. Fruit of Alycha is quite abundant. Unlike other fruit trees, it grows fruit not only in annual escapes, but also on spurrs and baked branches. Thanks to this, this culture gives a very large crop. Under the severity of fruits, the branches of the tree can simply break and even harm the trunk itself.

A high growth rate of wood can lead to the formation of the trunk to 7 meters in height, if it does not cut. It is natural, not normal, because the average height of Alychi should be not more than 3.5 meters. The most optimal form of crown for Alychi is a bowl. Form the crown of 4 skeletal branches, which are located at a distance of more than 25 cm from each other. The first years are cut into Alych in such a way as to form a stack high up to 60 cm. There should be at least 4 skeletal branches. At the same time at the bottom of the stack should be absolutely clean. If young piglers begins to form on it, it must be removed on it. After the end of the growing season, the tips of young shoots are better pinned to speed up the process of obsession.

The following trimming of self-free varieties of Alyci for the middle strip is carried out no earlier than 4 years after landing. Truck exposed to a central tree pillar. It is completely cut over the third skeletal branch, forming a crown in the form of a bowl.

Annual spring pruning is to shorten the shoots, the length of which exceeds 60 cm.

Alyci reproduction in the middle lane

There are several methods for breeding Alychi:

Reproduction of the pig.
Reproduction with indigenous cuttings.
Reproduction by vaccination.

There is also a seed method of breeding (bone), however, it is completely unpopulated, since such a plant may have no properties of the maternal and the result will be simply unpredictable.

The reproduction of the pig is the simplest performed. It is necessary to choose a process that grows at the largest distance from the breast of the mother tree, carefully dig it and cut off the root. It is necessary to try to resize as possible. The place of the cut must be treated with garden borants. After that, you can transplant the tree into the workplace or to fuse in loose soil.

Reproduction by indigenous cuttings will require more effort. In order for the very best trees, small areas of the root are cut off (up to 150 mm long.). The thickness of the root that will be used as a working material should be at least 5 mm. Cut and at a distance of at least 1 m. From the barrel. In the spring, when the frost has already passed the threat, and the soil is enough of the heat, the cuttings are planted in a loose soil vertically, so that the upper end is lit away with a minimum of 4 cm.

Reproduction by vaccination. This is the most complex method of reproduction, in which the best varieties of Alychi for the middle strip are obtained. For him, we need a varietal process (brought) and another tree (inhibition). The cruise is grown out of a cutter or pores. Before vaccinating, all the leaves are removed from it, and only cutters leave. In a place that will be applied to the long, cut the kidney with a small area of \u200b\u200bthe bark. A section of the bark is neatly cut off, push it out and applied to the lead, then fastened with scotch.

Diseases and pests of Alychi in the middle lane

In order to prevent the development of the disease of the tree and to identify it on time, the characteristics and symptoms of all possible aids should be examined. So, Alychi may affect the following diseases:

Practice spot. Otherwise, it is called slurporosis. The main signs of the disease - spots of brown color, located on the surface of wood leaflets. Then damaged places are unhappy, forming holes on the leaves (hence the name of the disease). For the treatment of the disease, wood treatment with a weak solution of burglar fluid is required. In addition, a good therapeutic effect showed the drug "Hom". If the defeat is strongly expressed and did not leave after the first processing, then in 3 weeks you can do the second.
Milky shine. The disease is manifested in the form of silver spots on the leaflets of culture. Refers to the group of fungal pathologies. The reason for the appearance of the disease is an excessive drainage of the tree in winter. Sick shoots are better to immediately remove from the tree so that the disease does not spread. Next, Alycha is sprayed with a garden harness or a weak solution of copper sulphate.
Moniliosis. Otherwise, called gray rot. Refers to the group of fungal diseases. The affected branches are withering, they acquire a brown shade. For treatment, the formation of allys is carried out with a weak solution (2-3%) burglar fluid.
Silent disease. The second name is dropping pockets. This is also a fungal disease. If it is striking the tree, the fruits grow deformed with the resulting bone. Inside Alycha has an unhealthy greenish tint. Fighting with this disease will help the processing of burgundy liquid.
Cockclock. It is characterized by the presence of small spots on the outer surface of the leaflet of Alychi. Over time, the leaves are falling. In order to prevent the dissemination of the disease, it is recommended to delete and destroy the fallen leaves in a timely manner. If the disease has already shown himself, then it is worth a spraying of Alychi bordrian liquid or the drug "Hom".

In addition to the diseases of Alycha, some more pests may not bother:

Fruit tick. About its appearance indicates the presence of brown spots of "moves" on the leaflets of the plant. Fufanon preparation will help to cope with the parasite.
Sawfly. This parasite pulses the surface of the leaf, leaving some hardware. In the fight against it, the drugs "NOVATICON" and "FUFANON" HELP.
Eastern fruit. Like a sawwall, this parasite breaks down "moves" on the surface of the leaflet. Damaged branches then dry and disappear. The following solution will help to cope with the pest and 350 grams of cook salt.
Aphid. Eats cellular juice of leaves, as a result of which they die. In the fight against the pest, the preparations "Carbofos" or "Sumition" help.
Lapticket. It is possible to eliminate it using a spraying of damaged shoots with garden borants.

Useful properties of Alychi

Useful properties and food characteristics of culture are as follows:

Alycha makes it easier to digest oily food, which is due to the fact that it enhances the secretion of the digestive glands.
Due to the substances contained in the fruits, they have the ability to derive salts and fluid from the body, help in atherosclerosis and elevated arterial pressure.
These fruits are quite good "cooled" the body. This property of Alychi is associated with the fact that it contains a considerable amount of water, which can be up to 85% of the total mass of the fetus. For this reason, if you eat in the cold season, it is recommended to eat no more than a pair of fruits at a time. Otherwise, you can cause the supercooling of the body. Alycha can be used not only to quench thirst, but also to replenish water in the body.
The composition of fruits is a large content of vitamins B3, B4, C. The alcoholic contains 1% proteins and 8.5% of carbohydrates. This is certainly a bit, but, nevertheless, the benefit for the body will be. If you look at the number of fats, you can conclude, then Alych is better not to include in the diet to people who are engaged in severe physical labor and sports.
What is a lot in Alycha, so it is potassium, which is very useful for people with heart disease. It is those who lack potassium in the body that these fruits can be included in their diet.
In addition, Alycha is well suited for diet nutrition and weight loss. The fact is that the fruit is malocalorienne, but at the same time very satisfying. It is able to raise biliary functions, because of which it is better not for the night.
In general, it is a pretty good fruit for the variety of our diet. When using it in the correct time and reasonable quantities, it will only benefit, without any consequences.