Aktinidia, landing and care

A common decoration of the site is various arbors and hedges that are trying to reorganize plants. Ideal for accusing such Lian structures. There are many plants capable of taking place nearby objects. This can be attributed to an unusual and beautiful plant - Aktinidia. The advantage of it before ordinary and all habitual plants is exotic and incredible decorativeness. In this article, consider the features of actinidia, its main types and varieties, as well as agricultural engineering plants of actinidia.

Features and description of actinidia

Aktinidia refers to the many years of leafy Lianam Aktinidiyev family. In nature, such plants are found in Himalayas, Southeast Asia, in the Far East and there are about 70 species. China and Japan are considered homeland. Only in the 50s, after the detection of this Liana in China's forests by Australian scientists, Aktinidia was brought to Europe and Russia. Translated from the Greek name of the plant denotes a "star".

Actinide description:

• Aktinidia is a liano, which is a perennial plant.
• Refers to deciduous plants and drops the leaves for the winter.
• Depending on the type of actinidium, it can reach different heights: kolomycta grows only by 2-5 meters, the argute can reach a height of 30 meters.
• Leaves from actinidia are solid, depending on the variety can be thin and leathery. Possess a motley color. In the spring and summer bright green, a burgundy brown and bright yellow appears on the shift, as well as pink and white.
• Actinondi plants are female and men, which depends on the appearance.
• Flowers are different sizes, from 2 to 3 cm, white, pink, yellow. All these indicators depend on the specific type.
• Flowers Aktinidia in early June. Flowers petty insects, and kiwi - bees.
• During flowering in the garden, the fragrance, resembling the smell of the valley and lemon.
• Fruits appear after flowering and have an oblong shape, an average size from 2 to 4 cm, depending on the variety and type.
• Fruit color is also different: greenish with yellow tint, light orange, dark green.
• Middle harvest with bush - 20 kg of berries.
• Aktinidia is distinguished by winter hardiness, so it became possible to grow its cultivation in our territories.
• It is widely used in landscape design for hiding arbor, terraces, walls of the house and an elevation. Thanks to various color of the leaves, the actinide kolomykta is especially popular.
• Fruits contain a large number of vitamins, use the second place after the ride hips.

The difference between women's actinidia from male

Aktinidia refers to downtown plants, so it is male and female. If you want to put on your site such an unusual plant, remember that at least one male should be at 5 female copies of actinidia. Otherwise, the plants will not be fruit. It is possible to distinguish male from female during flowering in the appearance of flowers.

Men Actinidia has flowers, which are collected in inflorescence of three. In the male flowers are many stamens, but no pistil.

Actinidia female has single flowers with a large pestle in the middle and a small number of stamens with pollen sterile, so women instance can not self-pollinate.

For the appearance of the ovaries must be movement of pollen from the male to the female. Normally, this work is done by small insects, at least - a bee.

Photo gallery Actinidia

Male and female Actinidia:

Application in Landscape Design:

The use of entanglement walls of the house:

To decorate the gazebo:

Main types and varieties of Actinidia

Actinidia whole race has almost 36 different species. Most of them grows in South-East Asia, and thanks to the work of breeders, it was possible to grow this wonderful plant in Russia and Europe.

In our territory special distribution received 5 major species Actinidia: Actinidia Kolomikta, Actinidia Argut, Actinidia Giralda, Actinidia polygamy, Actinidia purpurea. To this list can be attributed to the sixth species of particular interest to many - Chinese Actinidia (delicacy), commonly known as the kiwi. We have, unfortunately, Actinidia Kiwi can not grow because of the cold climate.

actinidia kolomikta

In nature, it grows in the Far East of Russia, China and Japan. Of all kinds of Actinidia Kolomikta it is the most popular and widespread.

Description:

• The height can be up to 4 meters in nature grows higher - up to 7 meters.
• It has a smooth stem with reddish-brown bark.
• leaves oblong form, the color green with a lot of spots of pink and white. What is your favorite plant in the landscape designers.
• The fruits or berries of Actinidia kolomikta small sizes, up to 2 cm. The shape may be different, depending on the kind encountered conical, spherical and cylindrical.
• Taste the fruits of sweet.
• This plant is long-lived, can accommodate up to 100 years.
• Of all the species is considered the most cold-resistant.

This type looks great on the site. Today displayed a large number of varieties of Actinidia Kolomikta. Among the most notable are the following: Pineapple Michurina Actinidia Szymanowski, Clara Zetkin, Gourmand.

actinidia Argut

The second name of this Liana Aktinidia is acute. In contrast to the kolomycty is a very high plant.

Actinia Description Argutes:

• Plant height up to 20 m.
• It has a smooth stem of a grayish color.
• It grows very quickly, per year can grow 4 meters.
• Leaves arguts up to 12 cm long, dense, oval shape.
• Also is a long-liver, can live up to 100 years.
• More demanding than kolomikt. Less frost-resistant.
• The fruits of the extended arguts with a pointed end and with dense skin. The average size is 2-2.5 cm.
• Main varieties of actinidia arguts: balsamny, golden braid, faith, relay.

Aktinidia Djirada

This type of actinidia is sometimes considered as a subspecies of arguts.

Description:

• Height can reach 25 m.
• Leaves of this plant are large, in the form of oblong. Very dense, in length can reach 11 cm.
• This species is in Russia the largest largest.
• Fruits in shape resemble barrels, dark green or brown-green color.
• Main varieties: Julia, Tound.

Aktinidia Polygama

• This plant reaches a height of 5 meters.
• It has a smooth brown or reddish-brown stem.
• Leaves of the oblong ovoid shape with a silvery rode or stains.
• A more thermo-loving plant in comparison with the previous ones. Sometimes it may not be fruit to frost.
• Fruits have an oblong shape of light orange. The average size is 2-3 cm.
• Fruits can be used after placing them in the freezer, so the bitterness is cleaned.
• Main varieties: apricot, yellow spindle, beauty, zlata.

Aktinidia Purplenaya

• Very strong and powerful plant, up to 20 meters high.
• Barrel smooth grayish color.
• Leaves of the oblong shape in the form of an elipse, in length up to 12 cm.
• Fruits have magenta and sweet taste.
• Main varieties: Purple garden 1, Kiev large-scale, candy.

Preparation before landing Aktindia

To get a beautiful exotic plant, it is necessary to carefully prepare before landing actinidia. This plant is very picky to soils and loves much space. Therefore, it is worth carefully choosing seedlings for landing, as well as pick up the perfect place.

Selection and preparation of seedlings

Saplings can be purchased in any nurseries, fairs and markets. However, it is necessary to carefully treat the selection, some rules should be followed:

• Be sure to buy at least two plants, of which one male and one female. It is necessary for polling actinidia, because it is a downtown plant. If you buy more seedlings, remember one male copy can pollinate up to 5 female.
• To be confident in the purchase of male and women's actinide, it is better to acquire a plant in professional nurseries.
• Carefully inspect the root system, it must be completely closed. The roots of actinidia are very wounded and may die within a few minutes, if at least a little rapid. When buying, they must be covered with a lore earth, a container or bag.
• Aktindia sapling should be no older than three years.
• In our territory most often found kolomykti seedlings.

Choosing a place

An important stage in preparing before landing is the right choice of space. Aktinidia needs a large free space. If you are going to put several plants, for everyone you need to leave approximately 5 meters. It is necessary for the root system of the plant, because it grows horizontally.

It is important to choose a place with a strong support for which Liana will be placed. For support, the arbors, terraces, walls of the veranda and at home, as well as fences are perfectly suitable. It is impossible to use other trees as a support. They will interfere with each other and can fall behind in growth and development.

The best neighbor for actinidia is black currant, poor neighbor - apple tree. It is impossible to plant actinidia to the place where this plant has already grew.

Remember that the actinidia plants of such species such as a kolomykt, the argut is pollinated only with plants of their kind.

Preparation of soil

Aktinidia loves fertile soils, but can grow on any. May grow on poor soils with low nitrogen and phosphorus. It is best to plant this plant on weakly acidic and acidic soils, there will be no grow on alkaline actinidium.

It is necessary to avoid limestone and clay soils, as well as places with close grounds of groundwater. In such lands, the plant may die.

The process of landing Aktindia

After choosing a suitable place and the acquisition of high-quality seedlings, you can start landing actinidia.

Features of actinidia landing:

• It is best to plant actinidia in the spring, but the autumn fit is allowed - in 2-3 weeks before the first frost.
• For landing, you need to dig a hole. The dimensions will depend on the root system, but the optimal parameters will be the following: depth 60 cm and width 60 cm.
• If you want to put several plants in one row, prepare the pits at a distance of 1.5-2.5 m from each other.
• At the bottom of each pit, be sure to place a layer of drainage, as Aktinidia does not like water stagnation. As a drainage, you can use broken bricks, pebbles and clay.
• Be sure to prepare the soil mixture, which consists of a delicate earth with deciduous humidity, superphosphate, wood ash.
• In no case do not bring lime and fresh humus in the pit.
• To improve the suggestion of the plant and its growth, you can add organic fertilizer to the soil mixture.
• Next you need to wait until the Earth will fall. Then in the pit, there are a little land in the pit and put a seedling with all the land. This is done to avoid roots burns.
• Carefully rapt the soil. Watch the root neck to be on top of the earth.
• After landing, it is necessary to hide the seedlings.
• You can make a mulch as a coniferous bark or sawdust.
• It is advisable to cover young seedlings with paper to avoid burns.

Aktindia care features

The cultivation of actinidia requires constant care, as the plant is unusual to our places and more delicate.

Accounting for actinidia includes several processes: it is watering and loosening soil, trimming and feeding. Let's look at all the nuances of growing.

Watering

It is necessary to abundantly water the actinidia only in the dry time. It should be remembered that not only the root system of the plant loves moisture, but also foliage. Therefore, it is best in the morning and in the evening to sprinkle - spraying foliage, which allows the air-drip watering.

Loosening and mulching

After irrigations, we need to remove weeds and loosen the land around the plant. Only loose must be very careful, since the root actinidia system fit very close to the surface and it is easy to damage it. After loosening, you can have a mulch. Use for this bark or sawdust.

Podchar

Fertilizers can be made in spring and autumn. As a feeding, it is better to use the organic organics (superphosphate, potassium) and wood ash. In no case do not bring lime.

Pruning actinia

Aktinidia is growing very rapidly, young shoots can grow in different directions, like grapes. Therefore, to direct the plant in the right side and give it a certain form can be triggered. However, it is necessary to remember that it is impossible to cut in the spring during the passage of the branches of the juice. Otherwise, Aktinidia may die, because even one scratch is destructive for Liana at this time. The formation of the crown is better to do in the summer, while deleting all the dry shoots and patients.

Preparation for winter

Although Aktinidia and a frost-resistant plant, but it is harm to return freezes in the spring. Therefore, it will be optimal to hide young seedlings for the winter. To do this, you can use burlap.

Fighting diseases and pests

Aktinadiy grown in the garden is practically not ill. However, their infection is possible from other trees. Thus, it may appear on the plant mushroom, which leads to a philosticosis. In this case, the leaves are affected, which soon rot. To combat this disease, it is necessary to remove contaminated places and treat the plant by the Bardos Liquid.

Very dangerous for actinidia TLL, which provokes the appearance of malical dew. It manifests itself in the form of a claw, which covers the plant. In this case, the plant ceases to develop and may perish. To prevent this disease, it is necessary to constantly sprinkle actinidia and trim dry leaves. You can remove the TRU using tobacco infusion. If these tips do not help, you can use special preparations.

Reproduction of Aktindia

Aktinidia can multiply in several ways. This is a shilling, reproduction by seeds and gag. The most optimal will be the use of shutdown and reproduction by gag. Only in these cases can be saved by the sexuality of the plant. In reproduction, seeds predict the floor of the future plant is impossible.

Growing from seeds

It is necessary to select high-quality seeds of mature fruits. Then stratification is carried out to accelerate germination. Seeds are placed in the water for several days for swelling. After that move in the sand. The first two months it is necessary to create a temperature of 15-20 degrees, then 5-7. After that, again in heat. When the seeds sprouted, they are planted in small cups. The seedlings are planted in the spring in the spring, and permanently transplanted only in two years.

Reproduction by chains

At the same time, the method must be attended by the Earth under the bush and make a furrower. Then the escape is bent and pumped. When a young escape grows to the desired height, you can put it with the earth. Separate a new plant from adult actinia follows only the next fall.

Cherenca

In this way, you can get a large number of seedlings immediately. At the end of the summer, it is necessary to cut one annual twigs, and then cut them onto the cuttings: bottom cuts under the kidney, and the top 4 cm above the kidney. After that, the cuttings are planted in a greenhouse into the prepared ground. You need to watered them several times a day. In winter, the cuttings hide under fallen foliage, and planted in spring until the advent of the kidneys.

Aktinidia - the plant is unusual and exotic and in our country has not yet been particularly popular. However, its beauty and value as the object of landscape design is very large. If you want to make your site unique, then Aktinidia is exactly what you need.